Alternate Directors (a) Subject to the remainder of this Section 8.12, each Class A Member entitled to nominate one or more Directors shall be entitled to nominate an alternate for each such Director that such Class A Member is entitled to nominate (each such alternate, an “Alternate Director”), who shall be deemed elected as such and shall have the right to serve, act and vote as a Director in the absence of the principal Director from time to time. Such Alternate Director shall be permitted to attend all meetings of the Board even if the principal Director is present at such meetings. If a principal Director is present at a meeting, the Alternate Director for such Director shall attend as an observer, shall not be counted towards the quorum at such meeting, and shall not have the right to act or vote as a Director at such meeting. If a principal Director is not present at a meeting, the Alternate Director for such Director shall attend as a full Director and be entitled to vote and act as a Director at such meeting and shall be counted toward the quorum at such meeting. If a principal Director attends a meeting, is counted toward the quorum, and, thereafter (i) recuses himself or herself from a vote on any particular matter, the Alternate Director for such Director, if present at such meeting, shall be allowed to vote as a Director on such matter, or (ii) leaves such meeting, the Alternate Director for such Director, if present at such meeting, shall sit as a Director for the remainder of such meeting, subject, in each case, to the provisions of Section 8.16 which would prohibit such Alternate Director from voting on a particular matter. (b) If a Class A Member ceases to have the right to nominate a Director as provided in this Agreement, any Alternate Director nominated by such Class A Member shall immediately cease to be an Alternate Director. (c) The Company shall provide to each Alternate Director copies of all notices, board materials, reports, minutes and consents at the time and in the manner as they are provided to the Directors; provided that each Alternate Director shall be subject to the confidentiality obligations set forth in Section 11.1. (d) The provisions of Section 8.4(c), Section 8.4(d) and Section 8.8 shall apply to Alternate Directors, mutatis mutandis, as if the references to Directors therein were references to Alternate Directors. (e) The initial Alternate Directors for the initial principal Directors shall be as set forth on Exhibit B.