Common use of Hierarchy of Controls Clause in Contracts

Hierarchy of Controls. Elimination is seen as the most effective method of hazard control. An example of elimination in this project was benching the sides of the excavation area to prevent the instance of a cave-in and allow workers more room to move. If elimination is not a possibility to solve a safety problem, the next desirable alternative is substitution, which could mean substituting in a safer material or a safer process. Assembly of the underwater pipe was done on the barge as opposed to in its final location at the bottom of the creek. This decision limited the diving team’s exposure in a potentially hazardous underwater environment. Engineering control is the third most effective form of hazard control. Piling and lagging was done on the side of the excavation that was adjacent to the railroad tracks since there was not enough room to bench outward on that side. This temporary structure helped prevent instances of collapses or cave-ins. Workers used scaffolding while building the waste tank to prevent falls. Several administrative controls were used during this project. A site safety plan was created before the excavation which outlined some of the hazards associated with the nearby railroad tracks, highway, and treatment plants. The safety plan included several practices to help protect workers from these hazards. Communication was used to warn workers of any approaching trains. Workers down in the excavated area were in close proximity to fuel lines, so oxygen levels were regularly monitored. A spotter was also provided for all divers installing the pipes under the creek bed. The most common administrative control used was worker training, which was used throughout the project for all features of work. The least effective form of hazard protection is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which was a common response for many tasks throughout the project where the above mentioned controls would not have been possible or economically feasible. Other than typical jobsite PPE, such as hardhats and gloves, the only special kind of PPE used by workers was a fall arrest system for workers constructing the tank.

Hierarchy of Controls. Elimination is seen as considered to be the most effective method form of hazard control, which makes it the most desirable from an OSH standpoint. An example There are two examples of elimination in being used during this project was benching project. Having workers attach the sides pre-cast panels from the second floor deck instead of from lifts and ladders eliminated the fall hazard. The design of the excavation area to prevent roof screen also eliminated the instance of a cave-in fall hazard by serving as fall protection for workers working on the rooftop HVAC and allow workers more room to movedrain systems. If elimination is not a possibility to solve a safety problem, the next desirable alternative is substitution, which could mean substituting in a safer material or a safer process. Assembly One example of this was the underwater pipe was done on the barge as opposed designer’s decision to in its final location at the bottom use a PVC membrane system instead of the creekbuilt-up bitumen roofing. This decision limited the diving team’s worker exposure in a potentially hazardous underwater environmentto harmful substances or environments. Engineering control is the third most effective form of hazard control. Piling and lagging was done Perimeter cables were installed along the edge of the roof as fall protection. Workers on the side roof were required to tie off to these cables while working outside of the excavation that was adjacent to the railroad tracks since there was not enough room to bench outward on that sideroof screen. This temporary structure helped prevent instances of collapses or cave-ins. Workers used scaffolding while building the waste tank to prevent falls. Several administrative Administrative controls were used during this extensively throughout the project. A site safety plan was created before When the excavation which outlined some of the hazards associated with pre-cast panels were being installed via crane, the nearby railroad tracks, highway, area was roped off and treatment plants. The safety plan included several practices to help protect workers from these hazards. Communication a spotter with a bullhorn was used to warn workers of any approaching trainsfor the blind lifts. Workers down in were trained to properly install the excavated area were in close proximity to fuel lines, so oxygen levels were regularly monitored. A spotter was also provided for all divers installing the pipes under the creek bed. The most common administrative control used was worker training, which was used throughout the project for all features of workroof screens and avoid overexertion and bodily reactions. The least effective form of hazard protection is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which was a common response for many tasks throughout the project where the above mentioned controls would not have been possible or economically feasible. Other than Aside from typical jobsite PPE, worker PPE such as hardhats and gloves, hardhats, and boots, the only special kind most prevalent form of PPE used by workers during this project was a fall arrest system for where workers constructing tied off to the tankperimeter cable installed on the roof during roof deck construction.

Hierarchy of Controls. Elimination is seen as the most effective method of hazard control. An example of elimination in this project was using pre-fabricated roof trusses instead of stick- building. This saved time, money, and the amount of instances the workers would need to be at height installing the trusses. Overexcavating, early backfilling, and benching the sides of the excavation area to prevent the instance of a cave-in and allow also gave workers more room to movemove and eliminated several hazards associated with working in a deep confined area. Building the exterior frame flat also eliminated the need to assemble it at height. If elimination is not a possibility to solve a safety problem, the next desirable alternative is substitution, which could mean substituting in a safer material or a safer process. Assembly of In the underwater pipe pre- construction phase, the constructor was done on able to find lighter roofing material that came in larger rolls. Substituting a lighter material meant that workers did not have to lift as much weight up onto the barge as opposed roof. Having larger rolls also meant that workers were able to in its final location at the bottom of the creek. This decision limited the diving team’s exposure in a potentially hazardous underwater environmentmake fewer trips. Engineering control is the third most effective form of hazard control. Piling and lagging was done on If the side hazard cannot feasibly be eliminated or substituted, an engineering control reduces worker exposure to the hazard. There are several examples of engineering controls being used in this project. The constructor decided to backfill 3-4 feet of the excavation that early so the workers were not working at full height. Another example was adjacent to the railroad tracks since there was not enough room to bench outward on that sideorange painted barrier installed six feet from the leading edge of the excavation area. This temporary structure helped prevent instances of collapses or cave-ins. Workers used scaffolding while building the waste tank was to prevent fallsworkers from stumbling into the pit while working on the exterior frame. Several administrative Breakaway fall arrest anchor points on the roof were also engineering controls used by the constructor. Administrative controls such as training and communication were used extensively by the workers during this project. A site safety plan was created before the excavation which outlined some assembly of the hazards associated with pre-cast concrete basement, construction of the nearby railroad tracks, highwayexterior frame, and treatment plants. The safety plan included several practices to help protect workers from these hazards. Communication was used to warn workers the hoisting of any approaching trains. Workers down in the excavated area were in close proximity to fuel lines, so oxygen levels were regularly monitored. A spotter was also provided for all divers installing the pipes under the creek bed. The most common administrative control used was worker training, which was used throughout the project for all features of workroof materials. The least effective form of hazard protection is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which was a common response for many tasks throughout the project where the above mentioned controls would not have been possible or economically feasible. Other than typical jobsite PPE, PPE such as hardhats and gloves, the only special kind of PPE used by workers was a fall arrest system sturdy shoes, safety glasses, and respirators (if applicable) were required for workers constructing the tankall workers.

Hierarchy of Controls. Elimination is seen as the most effective method of hazard control. An The project management team decided to have the steel economizer frame assembled off-site and on the ground. Using a pre-fabricated structure eliminated hazards associated with constructing such a structure at heights. It also required only one lift to attach the structure to the stack. Another example of elimination in this project was benching the sides of owner’s decision to remove the excavation area inactive electrical line so it would not pose a hazard to prevent the instance of a cave-in and allow workers more room to movecrane crew. If elimination is not a possibility to solve a safety problem, the next desirable alternative is substitution, which could mean substituting in a safer material or a safer process. Assembly There were no notable examples of the underwater pipe was done on the barge as opposed to substitution used in its final location at the bottom of the creek. This decision limited the diving team’s exposure in a potentially hazardous underwater environmentthis project. Engineering control is the third most effective form of hazard control. Piling and lagging was done on If the side of the excavation that was adjacent hazard cannot feasibly be eliminated or substituted, an engineering control reduces worker exposure to the railroad tracks since there was not enough room to bench outward on that side. This temporary structure helped prevent instances of collapses or cave-ins. Workers used scaffolding while building the waste tank to prevent falls. Several administrative controls were used during this project. A site safety plan was created before the excavation which outlined some of the hazards associated with the nearby railroad tracks, highway, and treatment plantshazard. The safety plan included several practices assembled steel frame was delivered to help protect workers from these hazards. Communication was used to warn workers of any approaching trains. Workers down in the excavated area were in close proximity to fuel lines, so oxygen levels were regularly monitored. A spotter was also provided for all divers installing the pipes under the creek bedsite on a flatbed truck. The most common administrative control used area where the truck would back in to was worker trainingroped off and controlled by flagmen, which was used throughout an engineering control from the project owner. Mechanical lifts and engineered scaffolds for all features of workinstalling the economizer were engineering controls implemented by the constructor to reduce worker fall risks. Administrative controls are the next most effective hazard control if engineering controls are not feasible. Worker safety training as an administrative control was common for this project. The least effective form of hazard protection is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which was a common response for many tasks throughout the project where the above mentioned controls would not have been possible or economically feasible. Other than typical jobsite PPE, such as hardhats and The most common form of worker PPE aside from gloves, the only special kind of PPE used by workers was a hardhats, and safety glasses were fall arrest system for systems where workers constructing installing the tankeconomizer and steel frame tied off to the man-lift.

Hierarchy of Controls. Elimination is seen as the most effective method of hazard control. An example of elimination in this project was benching using directional boring to install the sides gas pipeline instead of trenching. While the excavation area original bid documents and pricing estimates called for trenching, the CM felt that directional boring would be more efficient when installing among the old utilities and safer since the installation site was near traffic. Directional boring does not require a trench to prevent the instance of be dug, so there was no longer a cave-risk for workers in and allow workers more room a trench to movebe struck, caught in, or crushed by a collapsing structure. If elimination is not a possibility to solve a safety problem, the next desirable alternative is substitution, which could mean substituting in a safer material or a safer process. Assembly of Having the underwater pipe was done work on the barge six-lane highway done at night was safer for workers since traffic was lighter and an extra lane could be closed as opposed a safety barrier between the traffic and the workers. Another example of substitution in this project was pot-holing to in its final location at the bottom locate utilities instead of the creekhand-digging. This decision limited the diving team’s exposure in a potentially hazardous underwater environmentreduced worker risk of being exposed to underground electrical wires. Engineering control is the third most effective form of hazard control. Piling If the hazard cannot feasibly be eliminated or substituted, and lagging was done on the side of the excavation that was adjacent engineering control reduces worker exposure to the railroad tracks since there was not enough room to bench outward on that sidehazard. This temporary structure helped prevent instances A traffic barrier between workers and traffic and a trench box used in utility excavation are two examples of collapses or cave-ins. Workers used scaffolding while building engineering controls implemented by the waste tank to prevent falls. Several administrative project management team and CM respectively Administrative controls were used extensively during this all stages of the project. A site safety plan was created before Administrative controls for the excavation which outlined some six-lane highway were the substance of the hazards associated with the nearby railroad tracksMOT plan and included barricades, highwayhigh-visibility clothing for workers, signage, lights, and treatment plantsflagmen. The safety plan included several practices to help protect workers from these hazards. Communication Safety training was used to warn workers of any approaching trains. Workers down in the excavated area were in close proximity to fuel lines, so oxygen levels were regularly monitored. A spotter was also provided for all divers installing the pipes under the creek bed. The most common primary administrative control used was worker trainingfor utility work. Workers were trained in how to properly excavate using a backhoe, which was used throughout directionally bore the project for all features of workgas lines, lift and place pipes with the backhoe, and weld or connect the pipes together in the trench. The least effective form of hazard protection is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which was a common response for many tasks throughout the project where the above mentioned controls would not have been possible or economically feasible. Other than typical jobsite PPE, PPE such as hardhats and gloves, sturdy shoes, and safety glasses were absolutely required for all workers on the only special kind of PPE used by site, along with high-visibility vests and leggings for nighttime workers was a fall arrest system for workers constructing on the tankhighway.

Hierarchy of Controls. Elimination is seen as the most effective method of hazard control. An example of elimination in this project was using pre-fabricated roof trusses instead of stick- building. This saved time, money, and the amount of instances the workers would need to be at height installing the trusses. Overexcavating, early backfilling, and benching the sides of the excavation area to prevent the instance of a cave-in and allow also gave workers more room to movemove and eliminated several hazards associated with working in a deep confined area. Building the exterior frame flat also eliminated the need to assemble it at height. If elimination is not a possibility to solve a safety problem, the next desirable alternative is substitution, which could mean substituting in a safer material or a safer process. Assembly of In the underwater pipe pre- construction phase, the constructor was done on able to find lighter roofing material that came in larger rolls. Substituting a lighter material meant that workers did not have to lift as much weight up onto the barge as opposed roof. Having larger rolls also meant that workers were able to in its final location at the bottom of the creek. This decision limited the diving team’s exposure in a potentially hazardous underwater environmentmake fewer trips. Engineering control is the third most effective form of hazard control. Piling and lagging was done on the side There are several examples of engineering controls being used in this project. The constructor decided to backfill 3-4 feet of the excavation that early so the workers were not working at full height. Another example was adjacent to the railroad tracks since there was not enough room to bench outward on that sideorange painted barrier installed six feet from the leading edge of the excavation area. This temporary structure helped prevent instances of collapses or cave-ins. Workers used scaffolding while building the waste tank was to prevent fallsworkers from stumbling into the pit while working on the exterior frame. Several administrative Breakaway fall arrest anchor points on the roof were also engineering controls used by the constructor. Administrative controls such as training and communication were used extensively by the workers during this project. A site safety plan was created before the excavation which outlined some assembly of the hazards associated with pre-cast concrete basement, construction of the nearby railroad tracks, highwayexterior frame, and treatment plants. The safety plan included several practices to help protect workers from these hazards. Communication was used to warn workers the hoisting of any approaching trains. Workers down in the excavated area were in close proximity to fuel lines, so oxygen levels were regularly monitored. A spotter was also provided for all divers installing the pipes under the creek bed. The most common administrative control used was worker training, which was used throughout the project for all features of workroof materials. The least effective form of hazard protection is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which was a common response for many tasks throughout the project where the above mentioned controls would not have been possible or economically feasible. Other than typical jobsite PPE, PPE such as hardhats and gloves, the only special kind of PPE used by workers was a fall arrest system sturdy shoes, safety glasses, and respirators (if applicable) were required for workers constructing the tankall workers.

Hierarchy of Controls. Elimination is seen as the most effective method of hazard control. An example of elimination in this project was benching having the sides head walls fabricated off-site. This eliminated the risk of workers coming into contact with objects and equipment that is usually present during head wall assembly. Elimination was also used when the excavation area constructor decided to prevent have the instance fall protection installed on the ground. This eliminated the need for workers to be working at heights unrestrained for any period of a cave-in and allow workers more room to movetime. If elimination is not a possibility to solve a safety problem, the next desirable alternative is substitution, which could mean substituting in a safer material or a safer process. Assembly There were several examples of substitution in this project. When erecting the underwater pipe was done steel structure, the constructor decided to have two columns attached to one beam while on the barge as opposed to in its final location at ground and have the bottom of the creekunit lifted into place with a tower crane. This decision limited process required less lifts, so the diving team’s probability of a worker being struck was much lower. Connecting the columns and beams on the ground also meant fewer connections needed to be made at height. For the interior systems, the rough-ins were done at an off-site warehouse and delivered to the site. This saved time on construction and also lowered worker exposure in a potentially hazardous underwater environmentto the equipment and materials used to do the rough-in. This hazard was also considered when the constructor decided to have the overhead interior systems connected on the ground so fewer pieces had to be lifted into place. Engineering control is the third most effective form of hazard control. Piling If the hazard cannot feasibly be eliminated or substituted, and lagging was done on the side of the excavation that was adjacent engineering control reduces worker exposure to the railroad tracks since there was not enough room to bench outward on that sidehazard. This temporary structure helped prevent instances of collapses or cave-ins. Workers used scaffolding while building the waste tank to prevent falls. Several administrative controls Tag lines were used during this project. A site safety plan was created before crane lifts to reduce the excavation which outlined some likelihood of the hazards associated with the nearby railroad tracks, highway, and treatment plantsa worker being struck by object or equipment. The safety plan included several practices project management team decided to help protect workers from these hazards. Communication was used to warn workers of any approaching trains. Workers down in have d-rings tied into the excavated area were in close proximity to fuel lines, so oxygen levels were regularly monitored. A spotter was also provided for all divers installing the pipes under the creek bed. The most common administrative control used was worker trainingsteel deck, which was reduced the probability of a worker falling to a lower level. Shared racks were required for the interior systems, which reduced worker contact with objects and equipment. Parts required for installation were required to be delivered on carts that would fit on the lift, in order to reduce worker overexertion in lifting. Administrative controls such as worker training and pick plans were used extensively throughout the project for all features of workproject. The least effective form of hazard protection is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), which was a common response for many tasks throughout the project where the above mentioned controls would not have been possible or economically feasible. Other than typical jobsite PPE, such as hardhats and The most common form of worker PPE aside from gloves, the only special kind of PPE used by workers was a hardhats, and safety glasses were fall arrest system for systems where workers constructing installing the tankeconomizer and steel frame tied off to the man-lift.