Longer term exposure Sample Clauses

Longer term exposure. The routes of exposure considered in the long-term assessment are the same as for acute exposure. The main differences are that the indirect exposure from contact with contaminated ground is from applications to two fields, this contact is repeated daily, and spray deposit decays with time. Direct dermal, inhalation and ingestion calculations are identical to those for the acute exposure. Indirect Dermal/Ingested exposure Nd = number of days over which the assessment is to be made T1/2 = half-life (d) of active ingredient on vegetation G( on day d) = G (from emulator) x exp(-0.69 d / T1/2) (6) Other calculations are then the same as for acute exposure, but using a time-dependent value of G: Indirect dermal exposure (on day d) = G (d) x TTR x TC x duration (H) x clothing penetration x dermal absorption/ BW (7) • TTR – Turf Transfer Residue, fraction, • TC – Transfer coefficient • H – from distribution (based on EFH and survey) Indirect Ingested exposure = G (d) x TTR x SE x SA x Freq x H x OA/BW (8) • SE – saliva extraction factor • SA – surface area of hands in contact with mouth • Freq – frequency of hand-to-mouth contact, number per hour Running model:- Get input data from user → select input data from distributions, including two distances, x & y → calculate 6 outputs (G, Airborne adult, Airborne child, If adult, If child for x, and a second value of G for y, and add G(y) to G(x)→adjust for spray drift reduction →adjust for wet bulb depression→ determine spray Inhalation (1), direct ingestion (2) and dermal (3), →determine indirect dermal (7)and ingestion (8) exposure and add →repeat calculation of indirect exposure (7 & 8) for next day (d=d+1) until d=Nd, → calculate average 24 hour exposure over Nd days, → repeat for next set of input data to get a distribution of average exposures Also keep each component separate for user information. Values obtained from these equations relate to volume of spray liquid, Qsl (ml). To evaluate quantity of active ingredient, Qai (mg): Qai = Qsl x dose x Na x conc / app vol where dose is litres/ha product, conc is the concentration of active ingredient in product, g/l and app vol is the volume of water used, litres/ha. Na is the number of applications made in the period of Nd days. Nd – number of days over which the assessment is to be made T1/2 – half life of active ingredient, days
Sample 1
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