Common use of Loss Factor due to Absorption Clause in Contracts

Loss Factor due to Absorption. in the Ionosphere The loss factor due to absorption in the ionosphere kR is given by: k R = k + 10−2 bR (16) where k = 1.9 f 0.15 + 0.24 f 0.4 (tan2 Φ − tan2 37 °) (17) (See Figure 17) In the MF band, b = 1 Annex 2 – 40 – For paths shorter than 3,000 km Φ = 0.5( ΦT + ΦR )

Loss Factor due to Absorption. in the Ionosphere ionosphere The loss factor due to absorption in the ionosphere kR is given by: by where k R = k + 10−2 bR (167) where k = 1.9 f 0.15 + 0.24 f 0.4 (tan2 Φ − tan2 37 °) (17) (See Figure 17) In the LF band, b = 0. In the MF band, b = 1 Annex 2 – 40 – for Europe and 0 elsewhere. For paths shorter than 3,000 km km: (8) (See Figure 17) Φ = 0.5( ΦT + ΦR )