SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
Ex.
99.(a)
SECOND
AMENDED AND
RESTATED
AGREEMENT
AND DECLARATION OF
TRUST
Dated
as of October 24,
2007
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Page
|
||
ARTICLE
I
The
Trust
|
||
1.1
|
Name
|
1
|
1.2
|
Definitions
|
1
|
ARTICLE
II
Trustees
|
||
2.1
|
Number
and
Qualification
|
2
|
2.2
|
Term
and
Election
|
2
|
2.3
|
Resignation
and
Removal
|
3
|
2.4
|
Vacancies
|
3
|
2.5
|
Meetings
|
3
|
2.6
|
Trustee
Action by Written
Consent
|
4
|
2.7
|
Officers
|
4
|
ARTICLE
III
Powers
and Duties of Trustees
|
||
3.1
|
General
|
4
|
3.2
|
Investments
|
4
|
3.3
|
Legal
Title
|
4
|
3.4
|
Issuance
and Repurchase of
Shares
|
5
|
3.5
|
Borrow
Money or Utilize
Leverage
|
5
|
3.6
|
Delegation;
Committees
|
5
|
3.7
|
Collection
and
Payment
|
5
|
3.8
|
Expenses
|
5
|
3.9
|
By-Laws
|
6
|
3.10
|
Miscellaneous
Powers
|
6
|
3.11
|
Further
Powers
|
6
|
ARTICLE
IV
Advisory,
Management and Distribution Arrangements
|
||
4.1
|
Advisory and Management Arrangements |
6
|
4.2
|
Distribution
Arrangements
|
7
|
4.3
|
Parties
to
Contract
|
7
|
ARTICLE
V
Limitations
of Liability and Indemnification
|
||
5.1
|
No Personal Liability of Shareholders, Trustees, etc. |
7
|
5.2
|
Mandatory
Indemnification
|
7
|
5.3
|
No
Bond Required of
Trustees
|
9
|
5.4
|
No
Duty of Investigation; Notice in Trust Instruments, etc.
|
9
|
5.5
|
Reliance
on Experts,
etc.
|
9
|
ARTICLE
VI
Shares
of Beneficial Interest
|
||
6.1
|
Beneficial
Interest
|
9
|
6.2
|
Other
Securities
|
9
|
6.3
|
Rights
of
Shareholders
|
9
|
6.4
|
Trust
Only
|
10
|
6.5
|
Issuance
of
Shares
|
10
|
6.6
|
Register
of
Shares
|
10
|
6.7
|
Transfer
Agent and
Xxxxxxxxx
|
00
|
i
6.8
|
Transfer
of
Shares
|
10
|
6.9
|
Notices
|
11
|
ARTICLE
VII
Custodians
|
||
7.1
|
Appointment
and
Duties
|
11
|
7.2
|
Central
Certificate
System
|
11
|
ARTICLE
VIII
Redemption
|
||
8.1
|
Redemptions
|
11
|
8.2
|
Disclosure
of
Holding
|
11
|
ARTICLE
IX
Determination
of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions
|
||
9.1
|
Net
Asset
Value
|
12
|
9.2
|
Distributions
to
Shareholders
|
12
|
9.3
|
Power to Modify Foregoing Procedures |
12
|
ARTICLE
X
Shareholders
|
||
10.1
|
Meetings
of
Shareholders
|
12
|
10.2
|
Voting
|
13
|
10.3
|
Notice
of Meeting and Record
Date
|
13
|
10.4
|
Quorum
and Required
Vote
|
13
|
10.5
|
Proxies,
etc.
|
13
|
10.6
|
Reports
|
14
|
10.7
|
Inspection
of
Records
|
14
|
10.8
|
Shareholder Action by Written Consent | |
ARTICLE
XI
Limited
Term of Existence; Termination of Trust; Amendment; Mergers,
Etc.
|
||
11.1
|
Limited
Term of
Existence
|
14
|
11.2
|
Termination
|
14
|
11.3
|
Amendment
Procedure
|
15
|
11.4
|
Merger, Consolidation and Sale of Assets |
15
|
11.5
|
Subsidiaries
|
16
|
11.6
|
Conversion
|
16
|
11.7
|
Certain
Transactions
|
16
|
ARTICLE
XII
Miscellaneous
|
||
12.1
|
Filing
|
17
|
12.2
|
Resident
Agent
|
17
|
12.3
|
Governing
Law
|
17
|
12.4
|
Counterparts
|
18
|
12.5
|
Reliance
by Third
Parties
|
18
|
12.6
|
Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulation |
18
|
ii
SECOND
AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT
AND DECLARATION OF TRUST made as of the 24th
day of October,
2007,
by the Trustees hereunder, and by the holders of shares of beneficial interest
issued hereunder as hereinafter provided.
WHEREAS,
this Trust has been formed to
carry on business as set forth more particularly
hereinafter;
WHEREAS,
this Trust is authorized to
issue an unlimited number of its shares of beneficial interest all in accordance
with the provisions hereinafter set forth;
WHEREAS,
the Trustees have agreed to
manage all property coming into their hands as Trustees of a Delaware statutory
trust in accordance with the provisions hereinafter set forth;
and
WHEREAS,
the parties hereto intend that
the Trust created by this Declaration filed with the Secretary of State of
the
State of Delaware on October 24th,
2007 shall constitute a statutory
trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and that this Declaration shall
constitute the governing instrument of such statutory trust.
NOW,
THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby
declare that they will hold all cash, securities, and other assets which
they
may from time to time acquire in any manner as Trustees hereunder IN TRUST
to
manage and dispose of the same upon the following terms and conditions for
the
benefit of the holders from time to time of shares of beneficial interest
in
this Trust as hereinafter set forth.
ARTICLE
I
The
Trust
1.1
Name.
This
Trust shall be known as the
"BlackRock Defined Opportunity Credit Trust" and the Trustees shall conduct
the
business of the Trust under that name or any other name or names as they
may
from time to time determine.
1.2
Definitions.
As
used in this Declaration, the
following terms shall have the following meanings:
The
"1940 Act"
refers to the Investment Company Act
of 1940 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and exemptions
granted therefrom, as amended from time to time.
The
terms "Affiliated Person",
"Assignment",
"Commission",
"Interested Person"
and "Principal Underwriter"
shall have the meanings given them in
the 1940 Act.
"By-Laws"
shall mean the By-Laws of the Trust as
amended from time to time by the Trustees.
"Code"
shall mean the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended, and the regulations promulgated
thereunder.
"Commission"
shall mean the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
"Declaration"
shall mean this Agreement and
Declaration of Trust, as amended, supplemented or amended and restated from
time
to time.
"Delaware
Statutory Trust
Statute" shall mean the
provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, 12 Del.
C.
3801, et. seq.,
as such Act may be amended from time
to time.
"Delaware
General Corporation
Law" means the Delaware
General Corporation Law, 8 Del.
C.
100, et.
seq.,
as amended from time to
time.
1
"Fundamental
Policies" shall mean the
investment policies and
restrictions as set forth from time to time in any Registration Statement
of the
Trust filed with the Commission and designated as fundamental policies therein,
as they may be amended from time to time in accordance with the requirements
of
the 1940 Act.
"Majority
Shareholder
Vote" shall mean a
vote
of "a majority of the outstanding voting securities" (as such term is defined
in
the 0000 Xxx) of the Trust with each class and series of Shares voting together
as a single class, except to the extent otherwise required by the 1940 Act
or
this Declaration with respect to any one or more classes or series of Shares,
in
which case the applicable proportion of such classes or series of Shares
voting
as a separate class or series, as the case may be, also will be
required.
"Person"
shall mean and include individuals,
corporations, partnerships, trusts, limited liability companies, associations,
joint ventures and other entities, whether or not legal entities, and
governments and agencies and political subdivisions thereof.
"Prospectus"
shall mean the Prospectus of the
Trust, if any, as in effect from time to time under the Securities Act of
1933,
as amended.
"Shareholders"
shall mean as of any particular time
the holders of record of outstanding Shares of the Trust, at such
time.
"Shares"
shall mean the transferable units of
beneficial interest into which the beneficial interest in the Trust shall
be
divided from time to time and includes fractions of Shares as well as whole
Shares. In addition, Shares also means any preferred shares or preferred
units
of beneficial interest which may be issued from time to time, as described
herein. All references to Shares shall be deemed to be Shares of any or all
series or classes as the context may require.
"Trust"
shall mean the trust established by
this Declaration, as amended from time to time, inclusive of each such
amendment.
"Trust
Property" shall mean as
of any particular time
any and all property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which at
such
time is owned or held by or for the account of the Trust or the Trustees
in such
capacity.
"Trustees"
shall mean the signatories to this
Declaration, so long as they shall continue in office in accordance with
the
terms hereof, and all other persons who at the time in question have been
duly
elected or appointed and have qualified as trustees in accordance with the
provisions hereof and are then in office.
ARTICLE
II
Trustees
2.1
Number
and Qualification.
Prior to a public
offering
of Shares there may be a sole Trustee. Thereafter, the number of Trustees
shall
be determined by a written instrument signed by a majority of the Trustees
then
in office, provided that the number of Trustees shall be no less than two
or
more than fifteen. No reduction in the number of Trustees shall have the
effect
of removing any Trustee from office prior to the expiration of his term.
An
individual nominated as a Trustee shall be at least 21 years of age and not
older than 80 years of age at the time of nomination and not under legal
disability. Trustees need not own Shares and may succeed themselves in
office.
2.2
Term
and Election. The
Board of Trustees shall be divided
into three classes, designated Class I, Class II and Class III. Each class
shall
consist, as nearly as may be possible, of one-third of the total number of
trustees constituting the entire Board of Trustees. Within the limits above
specified, the number of the Trustees in each class shall be determined by
resolution of the Board of Trustees. The term of office of the first class
shall
expire on the date of the first annual meeting of Shareholders or special
meeting in lieu thereof following the effective date of the Registration
Statement relating to the Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
The term of office of the second class shall expire on the date of the second
annual meeting of
2
Shareholders
or special meeting in lieu
thereof following the effective date of the initial Registration Statement
relating to the Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The
term of
office of the third class shall expire on the date of the third annual meeting
of Shareholders or special meeting in lieu thereof following the effective
date
of the initial Registration Statement relating to the Shares under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Upon expiration of the term of office
of
each class as set forth above, the number of Trustees in such class, as
determined by the Board of Trustees, shall be elected for a term expiring
on the
date of the third annual meeting of Shareholders or special meeting in lieu
thereof following such expiration to succeed the Trustees whose terms of
office
expire. The Trustees shall be elected at an annual meeting of the Shareholders
or special meeting in lieu thereof called for that purpose, except as provided
in Section 2.3 of this Article, and each Trustee elected shall hold office
until
his or her successor shall have been elected and shall have qualified. The
term
of office of a Trustee shall terminate and a vacancy shall occur in the event
of
the death, resignation, removal, bankruptcy, adjudicated incompetence or
other
incapacity to perform the duties of the office, or removal, of a
Trustee.
2.3
Resignation
and
Removal.
Any
of the Trustees may
resign their trust (without need for prior or subsequent accounting) by an
instrument in writing signed by such Trustee and delivered or mailed to the
Trustees or the Chairman, if any, the President or the Secretary and such
resignation shall be effective upon such delivery, or at a later date according
to the terms of the instrument. Any of the Trustees may be removed (provided
the
aggregate number of Trustees after such removal shall not be less than the
minimum number required by Section 2.1 hereof) for cause only, and not without
cause, and only by action taken by a majority of the remaining Trustees followed
by the holders of at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the Shares then
entitled to vote in an election of such Trustee. Upon the resignation or
removal
of a Trustee, each such resigning or removed Trustee shall execute and deliver
such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require for the purpose of
conveying to the Trust or the remaining Trustees any Trust Property held
in the
name of such resigning or removed Trustee. Upon the incapacity or death of
any
Trustee, such Trustee's legal representative shall execute and deliver on
such
Trustee's behalf such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require as
provided in the preceding sentence.
2.4
Vacancies.
Whenever
a vacancy in the Board of
Trustees shall occur, the remaining Trustees may fill such vacancy by appointing
an individual having the qualifications described in this Article by a written
instrument signed by a majority of the Trustees then in office or may leave
such
vacancy unfilled or may reduce the number of Trustees; provided the aggregate
number of Trustees after such reduction shall not be less than the minimum
number required by Section 2.1 hereof; provided, further, that if the
Shareholders of any class or series of Shares are entitled separately to
elect
one or more Trustees, a majority of the remaining Trustees or the sole remaining
Trustee elected by that class or series may fill any vacancy among the number
of
Trustees elected by that class or series. Any vacancy created by an increase
in
Trustees may be filled by the appointment of an individual having the
qualifications described in this Article made by a written instrument signed
by
a majority of the Trustees then in office. No vacancy shall operate to annul
this Declaration or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the
terms
of this Declaration. Whenever a vacancy in the number of Trustees shall occur,
until such vacancy is filled as provided herein, the Trustees in office,
regardless of their number, shall have all the powers granted to the Trustees
and shall discharge all the duties imposed upon the Trustees by this
Declaration.
2.5
Meetings.
Meetings
of the Trustees shall be held
from time to time upon the call of the Chairman, if any, or the President
or any
two Trustees. Regular meetings of the Trustees may be held without call or
notice at a time and place fixed by the By-Laws or by resolution of the
Trustees. Notice of any other meeting shall be given by the Secretary and
shall
be delivered to the Trustees orally not less than 24 hours, or in writing
not
less than 72 hours, before the meeting, but may be waived in writing by any
Trustee either before or after such meeting. The attendance of a Trustee
at a
meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except where
a
Trustee attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the
transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting has not been properly
called or convened. Any time there is more than one Trustee, a quorum for
all
meetings of the Trustees shall be one-third, but not less than two, of the
Trustees. Unless provided otherwise in this Declaration and except as required
under the 1940 Act, any action of the Trustees
3
may
be taken at a meeting by vote of a
majority of the Trustees present (a quorum being present) or without a meeting
by written consent of a majority of the Trustees.
Any
committee of the Trustees, including
an executive committee, if any, may act with or without a meeting. A quorum
for
all meetings of any such committee shall be one-third, but not less than
two, of
the members thereof. Unless provided otherwise in this Declaration, any action
of any such committee may be taken at a meeting by vote of a majority of
the
members present (a quorum being present) or without a meeting by written
consent
of all of the members.
With
respect to actions of the Trustees
and any committee of the Trustees, Trustees who are Interested Persons in
any
action to be taken may be counted for quorum purposes under this Section
and
shall be entitled to vote to the extent not prohibited by the 1940
Act.
All
or any one or more Trustees may
participate in a meeting of the Trustees or any committee thereof by means
of a
conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which
all
persons participating in the meeting can hear each other; participation in
a
meeting pursuant to any such communications system shall constitute presence
in
person at such meeting.
2.6
Trustee
Action by Written
Consent.
Any
action which may be
taken by Trustees by vote may be taken without a meeting if that number of
the
Trustees, or members of a committee, as the case may be, required for approval
of such action at a meeting of the Trustees or of such committee consent
to the
action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of
the
meetings of Trustees. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a
vote
taken at a meeting of Trustees.
2.7
Officers.
The
Trustees shall elect a President, a
Secretary and a Treasurer and may elect a Chairman who shall serve at the
pleasure of the Trustees or until their successors are elected. The Trustees
may
elect or appoint or may authorize the Chairman, if any, or President to appoint
such other officers or agents with such powers as the Trustees may deem to
be
advisable. A Chairman shall, and the President, Secretary and Treasurer may,
but
need not, be a Trustee.
ARTICLE
III
Powers
and Duties of
Trustees
3.1
General.
The
Trustees shall owe to the Trust and
its Shareholders the same fiduciary duties as owed by directors of corporations
to such corporations and their stockholders under the Delaware General
Corporation Law. The Trustees shall have exclusive and absolute control over
the
Trust Property and over the business of the Trust to the same extent as if
the
Trustees were the sole owners of the Trust Property and business in their
own
right, but with such powers of delegation as may be permitted by this
Declaration. The Trustees may perform such acts as in their sole discretion
are
proper for conducting the business of the Trust. The enumeration of any specific
power herein shall not be construed as limiting the aforesaid power. Such
powers
of the Trustees may be exercised without order of or resort to any
court.
3.2
Investments.
The
Trustees shall have power, subject
to the Fundamental Policies in effect from time to time with respect to the
Trust to:
(a)
manage,
conduct, operate
and carry on the business of an investment company;
(b) subscribe
for, invest in, reinvest
in, purchase or otherwise acquire, hold, pledge, sell, assign, transfer,
exchange, distribute or otherwise deal in or dispose of any and all sorts
of
property, tangible or intangible, including but not limited to securities
of any
type whatsoever, whether equity or non-equity, of any issuer, evidences of
indebtedness of any person and any other rights, interests, instruments or
property of any sort and to exercise any and all rights, powers and privileges
of ownership or interest in respect of any and all such investments of every
kind and description, including, without limitation, the right to consent
and
otherwise act with respect thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons
to exercise
4
any
of said rights, powers and
privileges in respect of any of said investments. The Trustees shall not
be
limited by any law limiting the investments which may be made by
fiduciaries.
3.3
Legal
Title. Legal
title to all the Trust Property
shall be vested in the Trustees as joint tenants except that the Trustees
shall
have power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by or in
the
name of one or more of the Trustees, or in the name of the Trust, or in the
name
of any other Person as nominee, custodian or pledgee, on such terms as the
Trustees may determine, provided that the interest of the Trust therein is
appropriately protected.
The
right, title and interest of the
Trustees in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in each person who
may
hereafter become a Trustee upon his due election and qualification. Upon
the
ceasing of any person to be a Trustee for any reason, such person shall
automatically cease to have any right, title or interest in any of the Trust
Property, and the right, title and interest of such Trustee in the Trust
Property shall vest automatically in the remaining Trustees. Such vesting
and
cessation of title shall be effective whether or not conveyancing documents
have
been executed and delivered.
3.4
Issuance
and Repurchase of
Shares.
The
Trustees shall have the
power to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem, retire, cancel, acquire, hold,
resell,
reissue, dispose of, transfer, and otherwise deal in, Shares, including Shares
in fractional denominations, and, subject to the more detailed provisions
set
forth in Articles VIII and IX, to apply to any such repurchase, redemption,
retirement, cancellation or acquisition of Shares any funds or property whether
capital or surplus or otherwise, to the full extent now or hereafter permitted
corporations formed under the Delaware General Corporation
Law.
3.5
Borrow
Money or Utilize
Leverage.
Subject
to the Fundamental
Policies in effect from time to time with respect to the Trust, the Trustees
shall have the power to borrow money or otherwise obtain credit or utilize
leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law or regulation as such may
be
needed from time to time and to secure the same by mortgaging, pledging or
otherwise subjecting as security the assets of the Trust, including the lending
of portfolio securities, and to endorse, guarantee, or undertake the performance
of any obligation, contract or engagement of any other person, firm, association
or corporation.
3.6
Delegation;
Committees.
The
Trustees shall have the
power, consistent with their continuing exclusive authority over the management
of the Trust and the Trust Property, to delegate from time to time to such
of
their number or to officers, employees or agents of the Trust the doing of
such
things, including any matters set forth in this Declaration, and the execution
of such instruments either in the name of the Trust or the names of the Trustees
or otherwise as the Trustees may deem expedient. The Trustees may designate
one
or more committees which shall have all or such lesser portion of the authority
of the entire Board of Trustees as the Trustees shall determine from time
to
time except to the extent action by the entire Board of Trustees or particular
Trustees is required by the 0000 Xxx.
3.7
Collection
and
Payment.
The
Trustees shall have
power to collect all property due to the Trust; to pay all claims, including
taxes, against the Trust Property or the Trust, the Trustees or any officer,
employee or agent of the Trust; to prosecute, defend, compromise or abandon
any
claims relating to the Trust Property or the Trust, or the Trustees or any
officer, employee or agent of the Trust; to foreclose any security interest
securing any obligations, by virtue of which any property is owed to the
Trust;
and to enter into releases, agreements and other instruments. Except to the
extent required for a corporation formed under the Delaware General Corporation
Law, the Shareholders shall have no power to vote as to whether or not a
court
action, legal proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or maintained
derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the Trust or the
Shareholders.
3.8
Expenses.
The
Trustees shall have power to incur
and pay out of the assets or income of the Trust any expenses which in the
opinion of the Trustees are necessary or incidental to carry out any of the
purposes of this Declaration, and the business of the Trust, and to pay
reasonable compensation from the funds of the Trust to themselves as Trustees.
The Trustees shall fix the compensation of all officers, employees and Trustees.
The Trustees may pay themselves such compensation for special services,
including legal, underwriting, syndicating and brokerage services, as they
in
good faith may deem reasonable and
5
reimbursement
for expenses reasonably
incurred by themselves on behalf of the Trust. The Trustees shall have the
power, as frequently as they may determine, to cause each Shareholder to
pay
directly, in advance or arrears, for charges of distribution, of the custodian
or transfer, Shareholder servicing or similar agent, a pro rata amount as
defined from time to time by the Trustees, by setting off such charges due
from
such Shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed
such
Shareholder and/or by reducing the number of shares in the account of such
Shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional Shares which represents
the
outstanding amount of such charges due from such
Shareholder.
3.9
By-Laws.
The
Trustees shall have the exclusive
authority to adopt and from time to time amend or repeal By-Laws for the
conduct
of the business of the Trust.
3.10 Miscellaneous
Powers. The
Trustees shall have the power to:
(a) employ or contract with such Persons as the Trustees may deem desirable
for
the transaction of the business of the Trust; (b) enter into joint ventures,
partnerships and any other combinations or associations; (c) purchase, and
pay
for out of Trust Property, insurance policies insuring the Shareholders,
Trustees, officers, employees, agents, investment advisors, distributors,
selected dealers or independent contractors of the Trust against all claims
arising by reason of holding any such position or by reason of any action
taken
or omitted by any such Person in such capacity, whether or not constituting
negligence, or whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify
such
Person against such liability; (d) establish pension, profit-sharing, share
purchase, and other retirement, incentive and benefit plans for any Trustees,
officers, employees and agents of the Trust; (e) make donations, irrespective
of
benefit to the Trust, for charitable, religious, educational, scientific,
civic
or similar purposes; (f) to the extent permitted by law, indemnify any Person
with whom the Trust has dealings, including without limitation any advisor,
administrator, manager, transfer agent, custodian, distributor or selected
dealer, or any other person as the Trustees may see fit to such extent as
the
Trustees shall determine; (g) guarantee indebtedness or contractual obligations
of others; (h) determine and change the fiscal year of the Trust and the
method
in which its accounts shall be kept; (i) notwithstanding the Fundamental
Policies of the Trust, convert the Trust to a master-feeder structure; provided,
however, the Trust obtains the approval of shareholders holding at least
a
majority of the Trust's Shares present at a meeting of Shareholders at which
a
quorum is present; and (j) adopt a seal for the Trust but the absence of
such
seal shall not impair the validity of any instrument executed on behalf of
the
Trust.
3.11
Further
Powers. The
Trustees shall have the power to
conduct the business of the Trust and carry on its operations in any and
all of
its branches and maintain offices both within and without the State of Delaware,
in any and all states of the United States of America, in the District of
Columbia, and in any and all commonwealths, territories, dependencies, colonies,
possessions, agencies or instrumentalities of the United States of America
and
of foreign governments, and to do all such other things and execute all such
instruments as they deem necessary, proper or desirable in order to promote
the
interests of the Trust although such things are not herein specifically
mentioned. Any determination as to what is in the interests of the Trust
made by
the Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive. In construing the provisions
of
this Declaration, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to
the
Trustees. The Trustees will not be required to obtain any court order to
deal
with the Trust Property.
ARTICLE
IV
Advisory,
Management and Distribution
Arrangements
4.1
Advisory and
Management Arrangements. Subject to the
requirements of
applicable law as in effect from time to time, the Trustees may in their
discretion from time to time enter into advisory, administration or management
contracts (including, in each case, one or more sub-advisory, sub-administration
or sub-management contracts) whereby the other party to any such contract
shall
undertake to furnish such advisory, administrative and management services
with
respect to the Trust as the Trustees shall from time to time consider desirable
and all upon such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion
determine. Notwithstanding any provisions of this Declaration, the Trustees
may
authorize any advisor, administrator or manager (subject to such general
or
specific instructions as the Trustees may from time to
6
time
adopt) to exercise any of the
powers of the Trustees, including to effect investment transactions with
respect
to the assets on behalf of the Trust to the full extent of the power of the
Trustees to effect such transactions or may authorize any officer, employee
or
Trustee to effect such transactions pursuant to recommendations of any such
advisor, administrator or manager (and all without further action by the
Trustees). Any such investment transaction shall be deemed to have been
authorized by all of the Trustees.
4.2
Distribution
Arrangements.
Subject
to compliance with
the 1940 Act, the Trustees may retain underwriters and/or placement agents
to
sell Shares and other securities of the Trust. The Trustees may in their
discretion from time to time enter into one or more contracts, providing
for the
sale of securities of the Trust, whereby the Trust may either agree to sell
such
securities to the other party to the contract or appoint such other party
its
sales agent for such securities. In either case, the contract shall be on
such
terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Article IV or the By-Laws; and such
contract may also provide for the repurchase or sale of securities of the
Trust
by such other party as principal or as agent of the Trust and may provide
that
such other party may enter into selected dealer agreements with registered
securities dealers and brokers and servicing and similar agreements with
persons
who are not registered securities dealers to further the purposes of the
distribution or repurchase of the securities of the Trust.
4.3
Parties
to Contract. Any
contract of the character described
in Sections 4.1 and 4.2 of this Article IV or in Article VII hereof may be
entered into with any Person, although one or more of the Trustees, officers
or
employees of the Trust may be an officer, director, trustee, shareholder,
or
member of such other party to the contract, and no such contract shall be
invalidated or rendered voidable by reason of the existence of any such
relationship, nor shall any Person holding such relationship be liable merely
by
reason of such relationship for any loss or expense to the Trust under or
by
reason of said contract or accountable for any profit realized directly or
indirectly therefrom, provided that the contract when entered into was
reasonable and fair and not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article
IV
or the By-Laws. The same Person may be the other party to contracts entered
into
pursuant to Sections 4.1 and 4.2 above or Article VII, and any individual
may be
financially interested or otherwise affiliated with Persons who are parties
to
any or all of the contracts mentioned in this Section 4.3.
ARTICLE
V
Limitations
of Liability and
Indemnification
5.1
No
Personal Liability of
Shareholders, Trustees, etc. No
Shareholder of the Trust shall be
subject in such capacity to any personal liability whatsoever to any Person
in
connection with Trust Property or the acts, obligations or affairs of the
Trust.
Shareholders shall have the same limitation of personal liability as is extended
to stockholders of a private corporation for profit incorporated under the
Delaware General Corporation Law. No Trustee or officer of the Trust shall
be
subject in such capacity to any personal liability whatsoever to any Person,
save only liability to the Trust or its Shareholders arising from bad faith,
willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard for his duty
to such
Person; and, subject to the foregoing exception, all such Persons shall look
solely to the Trust Property for satisfaction of claims of any nature arising
in
connection with the affairs of the Trust. If any Shareholder, Trustee or
officer, as such, of the Trust, is made a party to any suit or proceeding
to
enforce any such liability, subject to the foregoing exception, he shall
not, on
account thereof, be held to any personal liability. Any repeal or modification
of this Section 5.1 shall not adversely affect any right or protection of
a
Trustee or officer of the Trust existing at the time of such repeal or
modification with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal
or
modification.
5.2
Mandatory
Indemnification.
(a) The
Trust hereby agrees to indemnify
each person who at any time serves as a Trustee or officer of the Trust (each
such person being an "indemnitee") against any liabilities and expenses,
including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as
fines
and penalties, and reasonable counsel fees reasonably incurred by such
indemnitee in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit
or
other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, before any court or administrative
or investigative body in which he may be or may have been involved as a party
or
otherwise or with which he
7
may
be or may have been threatened,
while acting in any capacity set forth in this Article V by reason of his
having
acted in any such capacity, except with respect to any matter as to which
he
shall not have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action
was
in the best interest of the Trust or, in the case of any criminal proceeding,
as
to which he shall have had reasonable cause to believe that the conduct was
unlawful, provided, however, that no indemnitee shall be indemnified hereunder
against any liability to any person or any expense of such indemnitee arising
by
reason of (i) willful misfeasance, (ii) bad faith, (iii) gross negligence,
or
(iv) reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his position
(the conduct referred to in such clauses (i) through (iv) being sometimes
referred to herein as "disabling conduct"). Notwithstanding the foregoing,
with
respect to any action, suit or other proceeding voluntarily prosecuted by
any
indemnitee as plaintiff, indemnification shall be mandatory only if the
prosecution of such action, suit or other proceeding by such indemnitee (1)
was
authorized by a majority of the Trustees or (2) was instituted by the indemnitee
to enforce his or her rights to indemnification hereunder in a case in which
the
indemnitee is found to be entitled to such indemnification. The rights to
indemnification set forth in this Declaration shall continue as to a person
who
has ceased to be a Trustee or officer of the Trust and shall inure to the
benefit of his or her heirs, executors and personal and legal representatives.
No amendment or restatement of this Declaration or repeal of any of its
provisions shall limit or eliminate any of the benefits provided to any person
who at any time is or was a Trustee or officer of the Trust or otherwise
entitled to indemnification hereunder in respect of any act or omission that
occurred prior to such amendment, restatement or repeal.
(b) Notwithstanding
the foregoing, no
indemnification shall be made hereunder unless there has been a determination
(i) by a final decision on the merits by a court or other body of competent
jurisdiction before whom the issue of entitlement to indemnification hereunder
was brought that such indemnitee is entitled to indemnification hereunder
or,
(ii) in the absence of such a decision, by (1) a majority vote of a quorum
of
those Trustees who are neither ''interested persons'' of the Trust (as defined
in Section 2(a)(19) of the 0000 Xxx) nor parties to the proceeding
(''Disinterested Non-Party Trustees''), that the indemnitee is entitled to
indemnification hereunder, or (2) if such quorum is not obtainable or even
if
obtainable, if such majority so directs, independent legal counsel in a written
opinion concludes that the indemnitee should be entitled to indemnification
hereunder. All determinations to make advance payments in connection with
the
expense of defending any proceeding shall be authorized and made in accordance
with the immediately succeeding paragraph (c) below.
(c)
The
Trust shall make
advance payments in connection with the expenses of defending any action
with
respect to which indemnification might be sought hereunder if the Trust receives
a written affirmation by the indemnitee of the indemnitee's good faith belief
that the standards of conduct necessary for indemnification have been met
and a
written undertaking to reimburse the Trust unless it is subsequently determined
that the indemnitee is entitled to such indemnification and if a majority
of the
Trustees determine that the applicable standards of conduct necessary for
indemnification appear to have been met. In addition, at least one of the
following conditions must be met: (i) the indemnitee shall provide adequate
security for his undertaking, (ii) the Trust shall be insured against losses
arising by reason of any lawful advances, or (iii) a majority of a quorum
of the
Disinterested Non-Party Trustees, or if a majority vote of such quorum so
direct, independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall conclude, based
on
a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry),
that there is substantial reason to believe that the indemnitee ultimately
will
be found entitled to indemnification.
(d) The
rights accruing to any
indemnitee under these provisions shall not exclude any other right which
any
person may have or hereafter acquire under this Declaration, the By-Laws
of the
Trust, any statute, agreement, vote of stockholders or Trustees who are
''disinterested persons'' (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 0000 Xxx)
or
any other right to which he or she may be lawfully entitled.
(e) Subject
to any limitations provided
by the 1940 Act and this Declaration, the Trust shall have the power and
authority to indemnify and provide for the advance payment of expenses to
employees, agents and other Persons providing services to the Trust or serving
in any capacity at the request of the Trust to the full extent corporations
organized under the Delaware General Corporation Law may indemnify or provide
for the
8
advance
payment of expenses for such
Persons, provided that such indemnification has been approved by a majority
of
the Trustees.
5.3
No
Bond Required of
Trustees.
No
Trustee shall, as such,
be obligated to give any bond or other security for the performance of any
of
his duties hereunder.
5.4
No
Duty of Investigation; No Notice
in Trust Instruments, etc. No
purchaser, lender, transfer agent or
other person dealing with the Trustees or with any officer, employee or agent
of
the Trust shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any
transaction purporting to be made by the Trustees or by said officer, employee
or agent or be liable for the application of money or property paid, loaned,
or
delivered to or on the order of the Trustees or of said officer, employee
or
agent. Every obligation, contract, undertaking, instrument, certificate,
Share,
other security of the Trust, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed
in
connection with the Trust shall be conclusively taken to have been executed
or
done by the executors thereof only in their capacity as Trustees under this
Declaration or in their capacity as officers, employees or agents of the
Trust.
The Trustees may maintain insurance for the protection of the Trust Property,
the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents in such amount
as the
Trustees shall deem adequate to cover possible tort liability, and such other
insurance as the Trustees in their sole judgment shall deem advisable or
is
required by the 1940 Act.
5.5
Reliance
on Experts,
etc. Each
Trustee and officer or employee of
the Trust shall, in the performance of its duties, be fully and completely
justified and protected with regard to any act or any failure to act resulting
from reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of
the
Trust, upon an opinion of counsel, or upon reports made to the Trust by any
of
the Trust's officers or employees or by any advisor, administrator, manager,
distributor, selected dealer, accountant, appraiser or other expert or
consultant selected with reasonable care by the Trustees, officers or employees
of the Trust, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a
Trustee.
ARTICLE
VI
Shares
of Beneficial
Interest
6.1
Beneficial
Interest. The
interest of the beneficiaries
hereunder shall be divided into an unlimited number of transferable shares
of
beneficial interest, par value $.001 per share. All Shares issued in accordance
with the terms hereof, including, without limitation, Shares issued in
connection with a dividend in Shares or a split of Shares, shall be fully
paid
and, except as provided in the last sentence of Section 3.8, nonassessable
when
the consideration determined by the Trustees (if any) therefor shall have
been
received by the Trust.
6.2
Other
Securities. The
Trustees may, subject to the
Fundamental Policies and the requirements of the 1940 Act, authorize and
issue
such other securities of the Trust as they determine to be necessary, desirable
or appropriate, having such terms, rights, preferences, privileges, limitations
and restrictions as the Trustees see fit, including preferred interests,
debt
securities or other senior securities. To the extent that the Trustees authorize
and issue preferred shares of any class or series, they are hereby authorized
and empowered to amend or supplement this Declaration as they deem necessary
or
appropriate, including to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act or
requirements imposed by the rating agencies or other Persons, all without
the
approval of Shareholders. Any such supplement or amendment shall be filed
as is
necessary. The Trustees are also authorized to take such actions and retain
such
persons as they see fit to offer and sell such securities.
6.3
Rights
of
Shareholders.
The
Shares shall be
personal property giving only the rights in this Declaration specifically
set
forth. The ownership of the Trust Property of every description and the right
to
conduct any business herein before described are vested exclusively in the
Trustees, and the Shareholders shall have no interest therein other than
the
beneficial interest conferred by their Shares, and they shall have no right
to
call for any partition or division of any property, profits, rights or interests
of the Trust nor can they be called upon to share or assume any losses of
the
Trust or, subject to the right of the Trustees to charge certain expenses
directly to Shareholders, as provided in the last sentence of Section 3.8,
suffer an assessment of any kind by virtue of their ownership of Shares.
The
Shares shall not entitle the holder to preference,
preemptive,
9
appraisal,
conversion or exchange rights
(except as specified in this Section 6.3, in Section 11.4 or as specified
by the
Trustees when creating the Shares, as in preferred shares).
6.4
Trust
Only. It
is the intention of the Trustees to
create only the relationship of Trustee and beneficiary between the Trustees
and
each Shareholder from time to time. It is not the intention of the Trustees
to
create a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association,
corporation, bailment or any form of legal relationship other than a trust.
Nothing in this Declaration shall be construed to make the Shareholders,
either
by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a joint stock
association.
6.5
Issuance
of Shares. The
Trustees, in their discretion, may
from time to time without vote of the Shareholders issue Shares including
preferred shares that may have been established pursuant to Section 6.2,
in
addition to the then issued and outstanding Shares and Shares held in the
treasury, to such party or parties and for such amount and type of
consideration, including cash or property, at such time or times, and on
such
terms as the Trustees may determine, and may in such manner acquire other
assets
(including the acquisition of assets subject to, and in connection with the
assumption of, liabilities) and businesses. The Trustees may from time to
time
divide or combine the Shares into a greater or lesser number without thereby
changing the proportionate beneficial interest in such Shares. Issuances
and
redemptions of Shares may be made in whole Shares and/or l/l,000ths of a
Share
or multiples thereof as the Trustees may determine.
6.6
Register
of Shares. A
register shall be kept at the offices
of the Trust or any transfer agent duly appointed by the Trustees under the
direction of the Trustees which shall contain the names and addresses of
the
Shareholders and the number of Shares held by them respectively and a record
of
all transfers thereof. Separate registers shall be established and maintained
for each class or series of Shares. Each such register shall be conclusive
as to
who are the holders of the Shares of the applicable class or series of Shares
and who shall be entitled to receive dividends or distributions or otherwise
to
exercise or enjoy the rights of Shareholders. No Shareholder shall be entitled
to receive payment of any dividend or distribution, nor to have notice given
to
him as herein provided, until he has given his address to a transfer agent
or
such other officer or agent of the Trustees as shall keep the register for
entry
thereon. It is not contemplated that certificates will be issued for the
Shares;
however, the Trustees, in their discretion, may authorize the issuance of
share
certificates and promulgate appropriate fees therefore and rules and regulations
as to their use.
6.7
Transfer
Agent and
Registrar.
The
Trustees shall have
power to employ a transfer agent or transfer agents, and a registrar or
registrars, with respect to the Shares. The transfer agent or transfer agents
may keep the applicable register and record therein, the original issues
and
transfers, if any, of the said Shares. Any such transfer agents and/or
registrars shall perform the duties usually performed by transfer agents
and
registrars of certificates of stock in a corporation, as modified by the
Trustees.
6.8
Transfer
of Shares. Shares
shall be transferable on the
records of the Trust only by the record holder thereof or by its agent thereto
duly authorized in writing, upon delivery to the Trustees or a transfer agent
of
the Trust of a duly executed instrument of transfer, together with such evidence
of the genuineness of each such execution and authorization and of other
matters
(including compliance with any securities laws and contractual restrictions)
as
may reasonably be required. Upon such delivery the transfer shall be recorded
on
the applicable register of the Trust. Until such record is made, the Shareholder
of record shall be deemed to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes
hereof and neither the Trustees nor any transfer agent or registrar nor any
officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be affected by any notice of
the
proposed transfer.
Any
person becoming entitled to any
Shares in consequence of the death, bankruptcy, or incompetence of any
Shareholder, or otherwise by operation of law, shall be recorded on the
applicable register of Shares as the holder of such Shares upon production
of
the proper evidence thereof to the Trustees or a transfer agent of the Trust,
but until such record is made, the Shareholder of record shall be deemed
to be
the holder of such for all purposes hereof, and neither the Trustees nor
any
transfer agent or registrar nor any officer or agent of the Trust shall be
affected by any notice of such death, bankruptcy or incompetence, or other
operation of law.
10
6.9
Notices.
Any
and all notices to which any
Shareholder hereunder may be entitled and any and all communications shall
be
deemed duly served or given if mailed, postage prepaid, addressed to any
Shareholder of record at his last known address as recorded on the applicable
register of the Trust.
ARTICLE
VII
Custodians
7.1
Appointment
and
Duties.
The
Trustees shall at all
times employ a custodian or custodians, meeting the qualifications for
custodians for portfolio securities of investment companies contained in
the
1940 Act, as custodian with respect to the assets of the Trust. Any custodian
shall have authority as agent of the Trust as determined by the custodian
agreement or agreements, but subject to such restrictions, limitations and
other
requirements, if any, as may be contained in the By-Laws of the Trust and
the
1940 Act, including without limitation authority:
(1)
to
hold the securities
owned by the Trust and deliver the same upon written order;
(2)
to
receive any receipt
for any moneys due to the Trust and deposit the same in its own banking
department (if a bank) or elsewhere as the Trustees may
direct;
(3)
to
disburse such funds
upon orders or vouchers;
(4)
if
authorized by the
Trustees, to keep the books and accounts of the Trust and furnish clerical
and
accounting services; and
(5)
if
authorized to do so
by the Trustees, to compute the net income or net asset value of the
Trust;
all
upon such basis of compensation as
may be agreed upon between the Trustees and the custodian.
The
Trustees may also authorize each
custodian to employ one or more sub-custodians from time to time to perform
such
of the acts and services of the custodian and upon such terms and conditions,
as
may be agreed upon between the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved
by
the Trustees, provided that in every case such sub-custodian shall meet the
qualifications for custodians contained in the 1940 Act.
7.2
Central
Certificate
System.
Subject
to such rules,
regulations and orders as the Commission may adopt, the Trustees may direct
the
custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust
in a
system for the central handling of securities established by a national
securities exchange or a national securities association registered with
the
Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or such other Person
as
may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940
Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class of any
issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be
transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of
such
securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal
only
upon the order of the Trust.
ARTICLE
VIII
Redemption
8.1
Redemptions.
The
Shares of the Trust are not
redeemable by the holders.
8.2
Disclosure
of Holding. The
holders of Shares or other
securities of the Trust shall upon demand disclose to the Trustees in writing
such information with respect to direct and indirect ownership of Shares
or
other securities of the Trust as the Trustees deem necessary to comply with
the
provisions of the Code, the 1940 or other applicable laws or regulations,
or to
comply with the requirements of any other taxing or regulatory
authority.
11
ARTICLE
IX
Determination
of Net Asset
Value
Net
Income and
Distributions
9.1
Net
Asset Value. The
net asset value of each outstanding
Share of the Trust shall be determined at such time or times on such days
as the
Trustees may determine, in accordance with the 1940 Act. The method of
determination of net asset value shall be determined by the Trustees and
shall
be as set forth in the Prospectus or as may otherwise be determined by the
Trustees. The power and duty to make the net asset value calculations may
be
delegated by the Trustees and shall be as generally set forth in the Prospectus
or as may otherwise be determined by the Trustees.
9.2
Distributions
to
Shareholders.
(a)
The
Trustees shall from time to time
distribute ratably among the Shareholders of any class of Shares, or any
series
of any such class, in accordance with the number of outstanding full and
fractional Shares of such class or any series of such class, such proportion
of
the net profits, surplus (including paid-in surplus), capital, or assets
held by
the Trustees as they may deem proper or as may otherwise be determined in
accordance with this Declaration. Any such distribution may be made in cash
or
property (including without limitation any type of obligations of the Trust
or
any assets thereof) or Shares of any class or series or any combination thereof,
and the Trustees may distribute ratably among the Shareholders of any class
of
shares or series of any such class, in accordance with the number of outstanding
full and fractional Shares of such class or any series of such class, additional
Shares of any class or series in such manner, at such times, and on such
terms
as the Trustees may deem proper or as may otherwise be determined in accordance
with this Declaration.
(b) Distributions
pursuant to this
Section 9.2 may be among the Shareholders of record of the applicable class
or
series of Shares at the time of declaring a distribution or among the
Shareholders of record at such later date as the Trustees shall determine
and
specify.
(c)
The
Trustees may always
retain from the net profits such amount as they may deem necessary to pay
the
debts or expenses of the Trust or to meet obligations of the Trust, or as
they
otherwise may deem desirable to use in the conduct of its affairs or to retain
for future requirements or extensions of the business.
(d)
Inasmuch
as the
computation of net income and gains for Federal income tax purposes may vary
from the computation thereof on the books, the above provisions shall be
interpreted to give the Trustees the power in their discretion to distribute
for
any fiscal year as ordinary dividends and as capital gains distributions,
respectively, additional amounts sufficient to enable the Trust to avoid
or
reduce liability for taxes.
9.3
Power
to Modify Foregoing
Procedures.
Notwithstanding
any of the
foregoing provisions of this Article IX, the Trustees may prescribe, in their
absolute discretion except as may be required by the 1940 Act, such other
bases
and times for determining the per share asset value of the Trust's Shares
or net
income, or the declaration and payment of dividends and distributions as
they
may deem necessary or desirable for any reason, including to enable the Trust
to
comply with any provision of the 1940 Act, or any securities exchange or
association registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or any
order
of exemption issued by the Commission, all as in effect now or hereafter
amended
or modified.
ARTICLE
X
Shareholders
10.1
Meetings of
Shareholders.
The
Trust shall hold annual
meetings of the Shareholders (provided that the Trust's initial annual meeting
of Shareholders may occur up to one year after the completion of its initial
fiscal year). A special meeting of Shareholders may be called at any time
by a
majority of the Trustees or the President and shall be called by any Trustee
for
any proper purpose upon written request of Shareholders of the Trust holding
in
the aggregate not less than fifty-one percent (51%) of the outstanding Shares
of
the Trust or class or series of Shares having voting rights on the matter,
such
request specifying the purpose or
12
purposes
for which such meeting is to be
called. Any shareholder meeting, including a Special Meeting, shall be held
within or without the State of Delaware on such day and at such time as the
Trustees shall designate.
10.2
Voting.
Shareholders
shall have no power to vote
on any matter except matters on which a vote of Shareholders is required
by
applicable law, this Declaration or resolution of the Trustees. This Declaration
expressly provides that no matter for which voting is required by the Statutory
Trust Act in the absence of the contrary provision in the Declaration shall
require any vote. Except as otherwise provided herein, any matter required
to be
submitted to Shareholders and affecting one or more classes or series of
Shares
shall require approval by the required vote of all the affected classes and
series of Shares voting together as a single class; provided, however, that
as
to any matter with respect to which a separate vote of any class or series
of
Shares is required by the 1940 Act, such requirement as to a separate vote
by
that class or series of Shares shall apply in addition to a vote of all the
affected classes and series voting together as a single class. Shareholders
of a
particular class or series of Shares shall not be entitled to vote on any
matter
that affects only one or more other classes or series of Shares. There shall
be
no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees.
10.3
Notice of Meeting
and
Record Date.
Notice
of all meetings of
Shareholders, stating the time, place and purposes of the meeting, shall
be
given by the Trustees by mail to each Shareholder of record entitled to vote
thereat at its registered address, mailed at least 10 days and not more than
90
days before the meeting or otherwise in compliance with applicable law. Only
the
business stated in the notice of the meeting shall be considered at such
meeting. Any adjourned meeting may be held as adjourned one or more times
without further notice not later than 120 days after the record date. For
the
purposes of determining the Shareholders who are entitled to notice of and
to
vote at any meeting the Trustees may, without closing the transfer books,
fix a
date not more than 90 nor less than 10 days prior to the date of such meeting
of
Shareholders as a record date for the determination of the Persons to be
treated
as Shareholders of record for such purposes.
10.4
Quorum and Required
Vote.
(a)
The
holders of a majority of the Shares
entitled to vote on any matter at a meeting present in person or by proxy
shall
constitute a quorum at such meeting of the Shareholders for purposes of
conducting business on such matter. The absence from any meeting, in person
or
by proxy, of a quorum of Shareholders for action upon any given matter shall
not
prevent action at such meeting upon any other matter or matters which may
properly come before the meeting, if there shall be present thereat, in person
or by proxy, a quorum of Shareholders in respect of such other
matters.
(b) Subject
to any provision of
applicable law, this Declaration or a resolution of the Trustees specifying
a
greater or a lesser vote requirement for the transaction of any item of business
at any meeting of Shareholders, (i) the affirmative vote of a majority of
the
Shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on
the
subject matter shall be the act of the Shareholders with respect to such
matter,
and (ii) where a separate vote of one or more classes or series of Shares
is required on any matter, the affirmative vote of a majority of the Shares
of
such class or series of Shares present in person or represented by proxy
at the
meeting shall be the act of the Shareholders of such class or series with
respect to such matter.
10.5
Proxies,
etc. At
any meeting of Shareholders, any
holder of Shares entitled to vote thereat may vote by properly executed proxy,
provided that no proxy shall be voted at any meeting unless it shall have
been
placed on file with the Secretary, or with such other officer or agent of
the
Trust as the Secretary may direct, for verification prior to the time at
which
such vote shall be taken. Pursuant to a resolution of a majority of the
Trustees, proxies may be solicited in the name of one or more Trustees or
one or
more of the officers or employees of the Trust. No proxy shall be valid after
the expiration of 11 months from the date thereof, unless otherwise provided
in
the proxy. Only Shareholders of record shall be entitled to vote. Each full
Share shall be entitled to one vote and fractional Shares shall be entitled
to a
vote of such fraction. When any Share is held jointly by several persons,
any
one of them may vote at any meeting in person or by proxy in respect of such
Share, but if more than one of them shall be present at such meeting in person
or by proxy, and such joint owners or their proxies so present disagree as
to
any vote to be cast, such vote shall not be received in respect of such Share.
A
proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be
deemed
valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise, and the burden of proving
invalidity shall rest on the challenger. If the holder of any such Share
is a
minor or a person of unsound mind, and subject to guardianship or to
the
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legal
control of any other person as
regards the charge or management of such Share, he may vote by his guardian
or
such other person appointed or having such control, and such vote may be
given
in person or by proxy.
10.6
Reports.
The
Trustees shall cause to be prepared
at least annually and more frequently to the extent and in the form required
by
law, regulation or any exchange on which Trust Shares are listed a report
of
operations containing a balance sheet and statement of income and undistributed
income of the Trust prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles and an opinion of an independent public accountant on such financial
statements. Copies of such reports shall be mailed to all Shareholders of
record
within the time required by the 1940 Act, and in any event within a reasonable
period preceding the meeting of Shareholders. The Trustees shall, in addition,
furnish to the Shareholders at least semi-annually to the extent required
by
law, interim reports containing an unaudited balance sheet of the Trust as
of
the end of such period and an unaudited statement of income and surplus for
the
period from the beginning of the current fiscal year to the end of such
period.
10.7
Inspection of
Records.
The
records of the Trust
shall be open to inspection by Shareholders to the same extent as is permitted
shareholders of a corporation formed under the Delaware General Corporation
Law.
10.8
Shareholder Action
by
Written Consent.
Any
action which may be
taken by Shareholders by vote may be taken without a meeting if the holders
entitled to vote thereon of the proportion of Shares required for approval
of
such action at a meeting of Shareholders pursuant to Section 10.4 consent
to the
action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of
the
meetings of Shareholders. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes
as a
vote taken at a meeting of Shareholders.
ARTICLE
XI
Limited
Term of Existence; Termination
of Trust;
Amendment;
Mergers,
Etc.
11.1
Limited Term of
Existence.
(a) The
Trust
created hereby shall have a limited period of existence and shall cease to
exist
at the close of business on December 31, 2017,
except that the Trust shall continue
to exist for the purpose of paying, satisfying, and discharging any existing
debts or obligations, collecting and distributing its assets, and doing all
other acts required to liquidate and wind up its business and
affairs. After the close of business on December 31, 2017,
if the Trust has not liquidated and
wound up its business and affairs, the Trustees shall proceed to wind up
the
affairs of the Trust and all of the powers of the Trustees under this
Declaration shall continue until the affairs of the Trust shall have been
wound
up, including the power to fulfill or discharge the contracts of the Trust,
collect its assets, sell, convey, assign, exchange, merge where the Trust
is not
the survivor, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the remaining
Trust Property to one or more Persons at public or private sale for
consideration which may consist in whole or in part in cash, securities or
other
property of any kind, discharge or pay its liabilities, and do all other
acts
appropriate to liquidate its business.
(b) After
paying or adequately providing for
the payment of all liabilities, and upon receipt of such releases, indemnities
and refunding agreements, as they deem necessary for their protection, the
Trustees may distribute the remaining Trust Property, in cash or in kind
or
partly each, among the Shareholders according to their respective
rights.
(c) After
the winding up and termination of
the Trust and distribution to the Shareholders as herein provided, a majority
of
the Trustees shall execute and lodge among the records of the Trust an
instrument in writing setting forth the fact of such termination and shall
execute and file a certificate of cancellation with the Secretary of State
of
the State of Delaware. Upon termination of the Trust, the Trustees
shall thereupon be discharged from all further liabilities and duties hereunder,
and the rights and interests of all Shareholders shall thereupon
cease.
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11.2
Termination.
(a)
Prior
to December 31, 2017, the Trust
may be dissolved only upon approval of not less than eighty percent (80%)
of the
Trustees. Upon the dissolution of the Trust:
(i)
The
Trust shall carry on
no business except for the purpose of winding up its
affairs.
(ii) The
Trustees shall proceed to wind
up the affairs of the Trust and all of the powers of the Trustees under this
Declaration shall continue until the affairs of the Trust shall have been
wound
up, including the power to fulfill or discharge the contracts of the Trust,
collect its assets, sell, convey, assign, exchange, merge where the Trust
is not
the survivor, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or any part of the remaining
Trust Property to one or more Persons at public or private sale for
consideration which may consist in whole or in part in cash, securities or
other
property of any kind, discharge or pay its liabilities, and do all other
acts
appropriate to liquidate its business; provided that any sale, conveyance,
assignment, exchange, merger in which the Trust is not the survivor, transfer
or
other disposition of all or substantially all the Trust Property of the Trust
shall require approval of the principal terms of the transaction and the
nature
and amount of the consideration by Shareholders with the same vote as required
to open-end the Trust.
(iii)
After
paying or
adequately providing for the payment of all liabilities, and upon receipt
of
such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements, as they deem necessary
for
their protection, the Trustees may distribute the remaining Trust Property,
in
cash or in kind or partly each, among the Shareholders according to their
respective rights.
(b) After
the winding up and termination
of the Trust and distribution to the Shareholders as herein provided, a majority
of the Trustees shall execute and lodge among the records of the Trust an
instrument in writing setting forth the fact of such termination and shall
execute and file a certificate of cancellation with the Secretary of State
of
the State of Delaware. Upon termination of the Trust, the Trustees shall
thereupon be discharged from all further liabilities and duties hereunder,
and
the rights and interests of all Shareholders shall thereupon
cease.
(c) The
Trustees may, to the extent they
deem appropriate, adopt a plan of liquidation at any time preceding the
anticipated termination date, which plan of liquidation may set forth the
terms
and conditions for implementing the termination of the Trust's existence
under
this Article XI. Shareholders of the Trust shall not be entitled to
vote on the adoption of any such plan or the termination of the Trust's
existence under this Article XI.
11.3
Amendment
Procedure.
(a)
Except as provided
in
subsection (b) of this Section 11.3, this Declaration may be amended, after
a
majority of the Trustees have approved a resolution therefor, by the affirmative
vote required by Section 10.4 of this Declaration. The Trustees also may
amend
this Declaration without any vote of Shareholders of any class or series
to
divide the Shares of the Trust into one or more classes or additional classes,
or one or more series of any such class or classes, to determine the rights,
powers, preferences, limitations and restrictions of any class or series
of
Shares, to change the name of the Trust or any class or series of Shares,
to
make any change that does not adversely affect the relative rights or
preferences of any Shareholder, as they may deem necessary, or to conform
this
Declaration to the requirements of the 1940 Act or any other applicable federal
laws or regulations including pursuant to Section 6.2 or the requirements
of the
regulated investment company provisions of the Code, but the Trustees shall
not
be liable for failing to do so.
(b) No
amendment may be made to Section
2.1, Section 2.2, Section 2.3, Section 3.9, Section 5.1, Section 5.2, Section
11.2(a), this Section 11.3, Section 11.4, Section 11.6 or Section 11.7 of
this
Declaration and no amendment may be made to this Declaration which would
change
any rights with respect to any Shares of the Trust by reducing the amount
payable thereon upon liquidation of the Trust or by diminishing or eliminating
any voting rights pertaining thereto (except that this provision shall not
limit
the ability of the Trustees to authorize, and to cause the Trust to issue,
other
securities pursuant to Section 6.2), except after a majority of the Trustees
have approved a resolution therefor, by the affirmative vote of the holders
of
not less than seventy-five percent (75%) of the Shares of each affected class
or
series outstanding, voting as separate
15
classes
or series, unless such amendment
has been approved by eighty percent (80%) of the Trustees, in which case
approval by a Majority Shareholder Vote shall be required. Nothing contained
in
this Declaration shall permit the amendment of this Declaration to impair
the
exemption from personal liability of the Shareholders, Trustees, officers,
employees and agents of the Trust or to permit assessments upon
Shareholders.
(c) An
amendment duly adopted by the
requisite vote of the Board of Trustees and, if required, the Shareholders
as
aforesaid, shall become effective at the time of such adoption or at such
other
time as may be designated by the Board of Trustees or Shareholders, as the
case
may be. A certification in recordable form signed by a majority of the Trustees
setting forth an amendment and reciting that it was duly adopted by the Trustees
and, if required, the Shareholders as aforesaid, or a copy of the Declaration,
as amended, in recordable form, and executed by a majority of the Trustees,
shall be conclusive evidence of such amendment when lodged among the records
of
the Trust or at such other time designated by the Board.
Notwithstanding
any other provision
hereof, until such time as a Registration Statement under the Securities
Act of
1933, as amended, covering the first public offering of Shares of the Trust
shall have become effective, this Declaration may be terminated or amended
in
any respect by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Trustees or by an
instrument signed by a majority of the Trustees.
11.4
Merger, Consolidation
and Sale of Assets. Except
as provided in Section 11.7, the
Trust may merge or consolidate with any other corporation, association, trust
or
other organization or may sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all
of
the Trust Property or the property, including its good will, upon such terms
and
conditions and for such consideration when and as authorized by two-thirds
of
the Trustees and approved by a Majority Shareholder Vote and any such merger,
consolidation, sale, lease or exchange shall be determined for all purposes
to
have been accomplished under and pursuant to the statutes of the State of
Delaware.
11.5
Subsidiaries.
Without
approval by Shareholders, the
Trustees may cause to be organized or assist in organizing one or more
corporations, trusts, partnerships, associations or other organizations to
take
over all of the Trust Property or to carry on any business in which the Trust
shall directly or indirectly have any interest, and to sell, convey and transfer
all or a portion of the Trust Property to any such corporation, trust, limited
liability company, association or organization in exchange for the shares
or
securities thereof, or otherwise, and to lend money to, subscribe for the
shares
or securities of, and enter into any contracts with any such corporation,
trust,
limited liability company, partnership, association or organization, or any
corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company, association or
organization in which the Trust holds or is about to acquire shares or any
other
interests.
11.6
Conversion. Notwithstanding
any other provisions of
this Declaration or the By-Laws of the Trust, a favorable vote of a majority
of
the Trustees then in office followed by the favorable vote of the holders
of not
less than seventy-five percent (75%) of the Shares of each affected class
or
series outstanding, voting as separate classes or series, shall be required
to
approve, adopt or authorize an amendment to this Declaration that makes the
Shares a ''redeemable security'' as that term is defined in the 1940 Act,
unless
such amendment has been approved by eighty percent (80%) of the Trustees,
in
which case approval by a Majority Shareholder Vote shall be required. Upon
the
adoption of a proposal to convert the Trust from a ''closed-end company''
to an
''open-end company'' as those terms are defined by the 1940 Act and the
necessary amendments to this Declaration to permit such a conversion of the
Trust's outstanding Shares entitled to vote, the Trust shall, upon complying
with any requirements of the 1940 Act and state law, become an ''open-end''
investment company. Such affirmative vote or consent shall be in addition
to the
vote or consent of the holders of the Shares otherwise required by law, or
any
agreement between the Trust and any national securities
exchange.
11.7
Certain
Transactions.
(a)
Notwithstanding
any other provision of
this Declaration and subject to the exceptions provided in paragraph (d)
of this
Section, the types of transactions described in paragraph (c) of this Section
shall require the affirmative vote or consent of a majority of the Trustees
then
in office followed by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than
seventy-five percent (75%) of the Shares of each affected class or series
outstanding, voting as separate classes or series, when a Principal Shareholder
(as defined in
16
paragraph
(b) of this Section) is a
party to the transaction. Such affirmative vote or consent shall be in addition
to the vote or consent of the holders of Shares otherwise required by law
or by
the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, whether now or hereafter
authorized, or any agreement between the Trust and any national securities
exchange.
(b) The
term ''Principal Shareholder''
shall mean any corporation, Person or other entity which is the beneficial
owner, directly or indirectly, of five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding
Shares of all outstanding classes or series and shall include any affiliate
or
associate, as such terms are defined in clause (ii) below, of a Principal
Shareholder. For the purposes of this Section, in addition to the Shares
which a
corporation, Person or other entity beneficially owns directly, (a) any
corporation, Person or other entity shall be deemed to be the beneficial
owner
of any Shares (i) which it has the right to acquire pursuant to any agreement
or
upon exercise of conversion rights or warrants, or otherwise (but excluding
share options granted by the Trust) or (ii) which are beneficially owned,
directly or indirectly (including Shares deemed owned through application
of
clause (i) above), by any other corporation, Person or entity with which
its
''affiliate'' or ''associate'' (as defined below) has any agreement, arrangement
or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing
of
Shares, or which is its ''affiliate'' or ''associate'' as those terms are
defined in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, and (b) the outstanding Shares shall include Shares
deemed
owned through application of clauses (i) and (ii) above but shall not include
any other Shares which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, or upon
exercise of conversion rights or warrants, or otherwise.
(c)
This
Section shall apply
to the following transactions:
(i)
The
merger or
consolidation of the Trust or any subsidiary of the Trust with or into any
Principal Shareholder.
(ii)
The
issuance of any
securities of the Trust to any Principal Shareholder for cash (other than
pursuant to any automatic dividend reinvestment plan).
(iii)
The
sale, lease or
exchange of all or any substantial part of the assets of the Trust to any
Principal Shareholder (except assets having an aggregate fair market value
of
less than two percent (2%) of the total assets of the Trust, aggregating
for the
purpose of such computation all assets sold, leased or exchanged in any series
of similar transactions within a twelve-month period.)
(iv)
The
sale, lease or
exchange to the Trust or any subsidiary thereof, in exchange for securities
of
the Trust, of any assets of any Principal Shareholder (except assets having
an
aggregate fair market value of less than two percent (2%) of the total assets
of
the Trust, aggregating for the purposes of such computation all assets sold,
leased or exchanged in any series of similar transactions within a twelve-month
period).
(d) The
provisions of this Section shall
not be applicable to (i) any of the transactions described in paragraph (c)
of
this Section if eighty percent (80%) of the Trustees shall by resolution
have
approved a memorandum of understanding with such Principal Shareholder with
respect to and substantially consistent with such transaction, in which case
approval by a Majority Shareholder Vote shall be the only vote of Shareholders
required by this Section, or (ii) any such transaction with any entity of
which
a majority of the outstanding shares of all classes and series of a stock
normally entitled to vote in elections of directors is owned of record or
beneficially by the Trust and its subsidiaries.
(e) The
Board of Trustees shall have the
power and duty to determine for the purposes of this Section on the basis
of
information known to the Trust whether (i) a corporation, person or entity
beneficially owns five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding Shares of
any
class or series, (ii) a corporation, person or entity is an ''affiliate''
or
''associate'' (as defined above) of another, (iii) the assets being acquired
or
leased to or by the Trust or any subsidiary thereof constitute a substantial
part of the assets of the Trust and have an aggregate fair market value of
less
than two percent (2%) of the total assets of the Trust, and (iv) the memorandum
of
17
understanding
referred to in paragraph
(d) hereof is substantially consistent with the transaction covered thereby.
Any
such determination shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes of this
Section.
ARTICLE
XII
Miscellaneous
12.1
Filing.
(a)
This
Declaration and any amendment or
supplement hereto shall be filed in such places as may be required or as
the
Trustees deem appropriate. Each amendment or supplement shall be accompanied
by
a certificate signed and acknowledged by a Trustee stating that such action
was
duly taken in a manner provided herein, and shall, upon insertion in the
Trust's
minute book, be conclusive evidence of all amendments contained therein.
A
restated Declaration, containing the original Declaration and all amendments
and
supplements theretofore made, may be executed from time to time by a majority
of
the Trustees and shall, upon insertion in the Trust's minute book, be conclusive
evidence of all amendments and supplements contained therein and may thereafter
be referred to in lieu of the original Declaration and the various amendments
and supplements thereto.
(b) The
Trustees hereby authorize and
direct a Certificate of Trust, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A,
to be
executed and filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State
of
Delaware in accordance with the Delaware Statutory Trust
Act.
12.2
Resident
Agent. The
Trust shall maintain a resident
agent in the State of Delaware, which agent shall initially be The Corporation
Trust Company, 0000 Xxxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxx 00000. The Trustees
may
designate a successor resident agent, provided, however, that such appointment
shall not become effective until written notice thereof is delivered to the
office of the Secretary of the State.
12.3
Governing
Law. This
Declaration is executed by the
Trustees and delivered in the State of Delaware and with reference to the
laws
thereof, and the rights of all parties and the validity and construction
of
every provision hereof shall be subject to and construed according to laws
of
said State and reference shall be specifically made to the Delaware General
Corporation Law as to the construction of matters not specifically covered
herein or as to which an ambiguity exists, although such law shall not be
viewed
as limiting the powers otherwise granted to the Trustees hereunder and any
ambiguity shall be viewed in favor of such powers.
12.4
Counterparts.
This
Declaration may be simultaneously
executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an
original, and such counterparts, together, shall constitute one and the same
instrument, which shall be sufficiently evidenced by any such original
counterpart.
12.5
Reliance
by Third
Parties.
Any
certificate executed by
an individual who, according to the records of the Trust, or of any recording
office in which this Declaration may be recorded, appears to be a Trustee
hereunder, certifying to: (a) the number or identity of Trustees or
Shareholders, (b) the name of the Trust, (c) the due authorization of the
execution of any instrument or writing, (d) the form of any vote passed at
a
meeting of Trustees or Shareholders, (e) the fact that the number of Trustees
or
Shareholders present at any meeting or executing any written instrument
satisfies the requirements of this Declaration, (f) the form of any By Laws
adopted by or the identity of any officers elected by the Trustees, or (g)
the
existence of any fact or facts which in any manner relate to the affairs
of the
Trust, shall be conclusive evidence as to the matters so certified in favor
of
any person dealing with the Trustees and their successors.
12.6
Provisions
in Conflict with Law or
Regulation.
(a)
The provisions of this
Declaration are severable, and if the Trustees shall determine, with the
advice
of counsel, that any of such provisions is in conflict with the 1940 Act,
the
regulated investment company provisions of the Internal Revenue Code or with
other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be
deemed
never to have constituted a part of this Declaration; provided, however,
that
such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this
Declaration or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior
to
such determination.
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(b) If
any provision of this Declaration
shall be held invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity
or
unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction
and
shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or
any
other provision of this Declaration in any jurisdiction.
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IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has
caused these presents to be executed as of the day and year first above
written.
By:
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/s/
Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
|
|
Xxxx
X. Xxxxxxxx
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||
Sole
Trustee
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