JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
In accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) (l) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the undersigned hereby agree to the joint filing of the attached Schedule 13G, and any and all amendments thereto, and expressly authorize Invesco Ltd., as the ultimate parent company of each of its undersigned subsidiaries, to file such Schedule 13G, and any and all amendments thereto, on behalf of each of them.
Dated: 12/31/2012
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Title: Global Assurance Officer
Invesco Advisers, Inc.
By: /s/ Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx X. Xxxxxxxx
Title: Chief Compliance Officer
Invesco Canada Ltd.
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
Title: Chief Compliance Officer
Invesco National Trust Company
By: /s/ Xxxxx Xxxxx
Name: Xxxxx Xxxxx
Title: Assistant General Counsel
Invesco Hong Kong Limited
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Title: Reg. Head of Legal AP
Invesco Asset Management Deutschland GmbH
By: /s/ Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx
Title: Head of Legal CE
Invesco Asset Management Limited
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Title: Global Assurance Officer
Invesco Asset Management S.A.
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
Name: Xxxxxxx Xxxxx
Title: Deputy Managing Director
Invesco Asset Management S.A.
By: /s/ Xxxxxxx Aybran
Name: Xxxxxxx Aybran
Title: Deputy Managing Director
Invesco Asset Management Osterreich GmbH
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxx
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxx
Title: Head of Sales
Invesco GT Management Company S.A.
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Title: Global Assurance Officer
Invesco Management S.A.
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxx
Title: Director
Invesco Taiwan Limited
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Title: Reg. Head of Legal, AP
Invesco Asset Management (Japan) Limited
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx
Title: Reg. Head of Legal, AP
Invesco Asset Management Ireland Limited
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxx
Title: Director
Invesco Kapitalanlagegesellschaft GmbH
By: /s/ Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx
Title: Head of Legal CE
Invesco PowerShares Capital Management LLC
By: /s/ Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Name: Xxxxxx Xxxxxx
Title: Chief Compliance Officer
Xxxxx Xxx Investment Counsel, Inc.
By: /s/ Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Name: Xxxx Xxxxxxxx
Title: General Counsel
Invesco Investment Advisers, LLC
By: /s/ Xxxxxxxxxxx X. Xxx
Name: Xxxxxxxxxxx X. Xxx
Title: Chief Compliance Officer
