August 24, 2018
August 24, 2018
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Forum Funds II Three Canal Plaza, Xxxxx 000 Xxxxxxxx, Xxxxx 04101
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Investment Managers Series Trust 000 Xxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx, Xxxxxxxxx 00000 |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
This opinion is furnished to you pursuant to paragraph 8.5 of the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Agreement”), dated as of August 24, 2018, by and among Forum Funds II, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Acquired Trust”), on behalf of Phocas Real Estate Fund, a series thereof (the “Acquired Fund”), and Investment Managers Series Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Acquiring Trust”), on behalf of AAM/Phocas Real Estate Fund, a series thereof (the “Acquiring Fund”). All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement. The Agreement contemplates (1) the transfer of all the assets of the Acquired Fund to the Acquiring Fund in exchange for (a) the issuance to the Acquired Fund of a number of Acquiring Fund Shares, having an aggregate NAV equal to the aggregate NAV of the Acquired Fund attributable to the Acquired Fund Shares, as determined in the manner set forth in paragraphs 2.1 and 2.2 of the Agreement, and (b) the assumption by the Acquiring Fund of all the liabilities of the Acquired Fund, and (2) the distribution by the Acquired Fund of the Acquiring Fund Shares pro rata to the Acquired Fund Shareholders in complete liquidation of the Acquired Fund (collectively, the “Transaction”).
In connection with this opinion we have examined and relied upon the originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to us to our satisfaction, of the Agreement, the Combined Proxy Statement and Prospectus for the Reorganization of Acquired Fund, a series of Acquired Trust, into Acquiring Fund, a series of Acquiring Trust, dated June 26, 2018, and other materials prepared in connection with the Transaction (collectively, the “Transaction Documents”). In that examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the capacity and authority of each party executing a document to so execute the document, the authenticity and completeness of all documents purporting to be originals (whether reviewed by us in original or copy form) and the conformity to the originals of all documents purporting to be copies (including electronic copies). We have also assumed that each agreement and other instrument reviewed by us is valid and binding on the party or parties thereto and is enforceable in accordance with its terms, and that there are no contracts, agreements, arrangements, or understandings, either written or oral, that are inconsistent with or that would materially alter the terms of the Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.
Forum Funds II
Investment Managers Series Trust
August 24, 2018
Page Two
As to certain factual matters, we have relied with your consent upon, and our opinion is limited by, the representations of the various parties set forth in the Transaction Documents and in certificates of the Acquiring Trust, on behalf of the Acquiring Fund, and the Acquired Trust, on behalf of the Acquired Fund, each dated as of the date hereof (the “Certificates”). Our opinion assumes (i) that all representations set forth in the Transaction Documents and in the Certificates will be true and correct in all material respects as of the date of the Transaction (and that any such representations made “to the best knowledge of,” “to the knowledge of,” “in the belief of,” or otherwise similarly qualified, are true and correct in all material respects without any such qualification), and (ii) that the Agreement is implemented in accordance with its terms and consistent with the representations set forth in the Transaction Documents and Certificates. Our opinion is limited solely to the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and as presently in effect (the “Code”), existing case law, existing permanent and temporary treasury regulations promulgated under the Code, and existing published revenue rulings and procedures of the Internal Revenue Service that are in effect as of the date hereof, all of which are subject to change and new interpretation, both prospectively and retroactively. We assume no obligation to update our opinion to reflect other facts or any changes in law or in the interpretation thereof that may hereafter occur.
On the basis of and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that, for United States federal income tax purposes:
| 1. | The Transaction will constitute a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(F) of the Code, and each of the Acquired Fund and the Acquiring Fund will be a “party to a reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code. |
| 2. | No gain or loss will be recognized by the Acquired Fund upon the transfer of all its assets to the Acquiring Fund solely in exchange for the Acquiring Fund Shares and the assumption by the Acquiring Fund of all the liabilities of the Acquired Fund, or upon the distribution of the Acquiring Fund Shares to the Acquired Fund Shareholders, except for (A) gain or loss that may be recognized on the transfer of “section 1256 contracts” as defined in Section 1256(b) of the Code, (B) gain that may be recognized on the transfer of stock in a “passive foreign investment company” as defined in Section 1297(a) of the Code, and (C) any other gain or loss that may be required to be recognized upon the transfer of an asset regardless of whether such transfer would otherwise be a non-recognition transaction under the Code. |
| 3. | The tax basis in the hands of the Acquiring Fund of each asset transferred from the Acquired Fund to the Acquiring Fund in the Transaction will be the same as the tax basis of such asset in the hands of the Acquired Fund immediately prior to the transfer thereof, increased by the amount of gain (or decreased by the amount of loss), if any, recognized by the Acquired Fund on the transfer. |
| 4. | The holding period in the hands of the Acquiring Fund of each asset transferred from the Acquired Fund to the Acquiring Fund in the Transaction, other than assets with respect to which gain or loss is required to be recognized, will include in each instance the period during which such asset was held by the Acquired Fund (except where investment activities of the Acquiring Fund have the effect of reducing or eliminating the holding period with respect to an asset). |
Forum Funds II
Investment Managers Series Trust
August 24, 2018
Page Three
| 5. | No gain or loss will be recognized by the Acquiring Fund upon its receipt of all the assets of the Acquired Fund in the Transaction solely in exchange for Acquiring Fund Shares and the assumption by the Acquiring Fund of all the liabilities of the Acquired Fund. |
| 6. | No gain or loss will be recognized by the Acquired Fund Shareholders upon the exchange of their Acquired Fund Shares for Acquiring Fund Shares as part of the Transaction. |
| 7. | The aggregate tax basis of the Acquiring Fund Shares that each Acquired Fund Shareholder receives in the Transaction will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the Acquired Fund Shares exchanged therefor. |
| 8. | Each Acquired Fund Shareholder’s holding period for the Acquiring Fund Shares received in the Transaction will include the period for which such shareholder held the Acquired Fund Shares exchanged therefor, provided that the Acquired Fund Shareholder held such Acquired Fund Shares as capital assets on the date of the exchange. |
| 9. | The taxable year of the Acquired Fund will not end as a result of the Transaction. |
This opinion is furnished to the Acquiring Trust, on behalf of the Acquiring Fund, and the Acquired Trust, on behalf of the Acquired Fund, in connection with the Transaction and is not to be quoted, circulated, published, or otherwise referred to for any other purpose, in whole or in part, without our express prior written consent. This opinion may be disclosed to the Acquired Fund Shareholders, and they may rely on it in connection with the Transaction, it being understood that we are not establishing any attorney-client relationship with any shareholder. This letter is not to be relied upon for the benefit of any other person or for any other purpose.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the N-14 Registration Statement and to the use of our name and any reference to our firm in such N-14 Registration Statement or in the prospectus constituting a part thereof. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Xxxxxx, Xxxxx & Xxxxxxx LLP
Xxxxxx, xxxxx & xxxxxxx LLP
