On July 5, 2005, President George W. Bush and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh signed an agreement pledging their governments to actions designed to culminate in a formal nuclear cooperation agreement that would end a three- decade U.S. nuclear...Nuclear Cooperation Agreement • December 8th, 2020
Contract Type FiledDecember 8th, 2020The controversy over the proposed U.S.-India nuclear agreement stems from events that occurred in 1974, when India detonated its first nuclear explosive device at Pokhran. India’s test was the first illegal use of civilian nuclear facilities and materials for nuclear explosive purposes.1 In 1978 the U.S. Congress enacted the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act (NNPA), establishing requirements for nuclear cooperation that included adherence to Full-Scope Safeguards.2 India’s refusal to accept such safeguards resulted in a nuclear embargo by the United States. The embargo was expanded in 1992 when the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG), currently consisting of 45 countries that set rules for nuclear trade by consensus, adopted full-scope safeguards as a criterion for exports to non-weapon states. This criterion was subsequently endorsed by the United Nations.