ACHIEVINGDiscussion Paper • January 24th, 2003
The agreement to establish IFAD in 1976 resulted from the 1974 World Food Conference organized by the international community in response to the persistence of widespread hunger and malnutrition in the world. The conference recognized that hunger and food insecurity should not be associated solely with shortfalls in food production and supply at national or international levels. Rather, they should be understood as products of deep-seated structural problems associated with underdevelopment and poverty, espe- cially as these affect rural poor people. IFAD approved its first loan for a project in 1978.
INDIGENOUS PEOPLESDiscussion Paper • January 16th, 2003
The agreement to establish IFAD in 1976 resulted from the 1974 World Food Conference organized by the international community in response to the persistence of widespread hunger and malnutrition in the world. The conference recognized that hunger and food insecurity should not be associated solely with shortfalls in food production and supply at national or international levels. Rather, they should be understood as products of deep-seated structural problems associated with underdevelopment and poverty, espe- cially as these affect rural poor people. IFAD approved its first loan for a project in 1978.
International Environmental Agreement and theDiscussion Paper • August 28th, 2017
where α and β are both positive parameters. On the other hand, the damage cost of country i is assumed to be linear in the total pollutant emissions of the two counties, ei + ej:
ContractDiscussion Paper • April 4th, 2011
eID in the life of an EU Citizen†Discussion Paper • March 21st, 2007
† This document is intended purely as a discussion paper exclusively for the internal, non-public use of the recipients. Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and relevance of the contents, they do not in any way represent the official position or policy of the European Commission
Linking Mitigation and Adaptation in Long-Term StrategiesDiscussion Paper • December 3rd, 2018
The 2015 Paris Agreement agreed the goal of ‘holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 C’ [Article 2a]. In line with this goal, the Agreement also called on all Parties to
DIS)AGREEMENTSDiscussion Paper • June 19th, 2016
We live in a constant state of obsession with remembering the past; examples of this can be found all around us. However, it seems that there are some pasts that can be remembered with ease, or more peacefully and less controversially than others. In June 2015, the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo was celebrated with historical recreations, with soldiers re-enacting the event, and with visits to the historic sites by government representatives from the countries involved. In the United States, episodes from the War of Independence and the American Civil War are also recreated on a regular basis; however, the shooting—also in June 2015—by a white man of several black parishioners at a church in Charleston gave rise to a war of flags (the murderer had made racist proclamations on social networks while proudly posting images of the Confederate flag) until the House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina passed a bill to take down the Confederate flag that was still f
WOMENDiscussion Paper • January 16th, 2003
The agreement to establish IFAD in 1976 resulted from the 1974 World Food Conference organized by the international community in response to the persistence of widespread hunger and malnutrition in the world. The conference recognized that hunger and food insecurity should not be associated solely with shortfalls in food production and supply at national or international levels. Rather, they should be understood as products of deep-seated structural problems associated with underdevelopment and poverty, espe- cially as these affect rural poor people. IFAD approved its first loan for a project in 1978.
