The Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 shows how international mediation can be instrumental in reaching an agreement between India and Pakistan. With this in mind, India and Pakistan should use the treaty as a model to negotiate, cooperate and resolve other...Indus Waters Treaty • July 2nd, 2018
With the partition of the Indian Subcontinent in 1947, the Indus basin was also divided into two parts, with the upstream riparian (the area surrounding the river and its banks) belonging to India and the
CONTENTSIndus Waters Treaty • April 30th, 2018
Page PREAMBLE Article-I - DEFINATIONS Article-II - PROVISIONS REGARDING EASTERN RIVERS Article-III - PROVISIONS REGARDING WESTERN RIVERS Article-IV - PROVISIONS REGARDING EASTERN RIVERS AND WESTERN RIVERS Article-V - FINANCIAL PROVISIONS Article-VI - EXCHANGE OF DATA Article-VII - FUTURE CO-OPERATION Article-VIII - PERMANENT INDUS COMMISSION Article-IX - SETTLEMENT OF DIFFERENCES AND DISPUTES Article-X - EMERGENCY PROVISION Article-XI - GENERAL PROVISIONS Article-XII - FINAL PROVISIONS Annexure A - EXCHANGE OF NOTES BETWEEN GOVERNMENT OF INDIA AND GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN Annexure B - AGRICULTURE USE BY PAKISTAN FROM CERTAIN TRIBUTARIES OF THE RAVI Annexure C - AGRICULTURAL USE BY INDIA FROM THE WESTERN RIVERS Annexure D - GENERATION OF HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER BY INDIA ON THE WESTERN RIVERS Annexure E - STORAGE OF WATERS BY INDIA ON THE WESTERN RIVERS Annexure F - NEUTRAL EXPERT Annexure G - COURT OF ARBITRATION Annexure H - TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
ABSTRACTIndus Waters Treaty • June 18th, 2020
The contested and divided province of Jammu and Kashmir, situated on the western side of the Hindu Kush Himalayan Mountains, is one of the most dangerous and heavily militarized places on earth. It is a Muslim-majority borderland harboring contested territorial claims of three nuclear powers—India, Pakistan, and China. Through it flow the headwaters of the six major tributaries that form the massive Indus Basin, the essential fresh water source for Pakistan and for upwards of 300 million Indians and Pakistanis. Since 1960, the unusual Indus Waters Treaty has governed the use of these waters. The treaty forwards a water-division rather than a water-sharing arrangement. Pakistan is assigned the three major western tributaries (the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab Rivers), and India is assigned the three eastern tributaries (the Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej Rivers). Multiple changes in circumstance, principally due to population growth and climate change, tax the operation of the treaty, which has bee
THE INDUS BASIN: WATER COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE INDUS WATERS TREATYIndus Waters Treaty • January 4th, 2018
CASE STUDY 3: THE INDUS RIVER BASIN∗Indus Waters Treaty • July 12th, 2007
The Indus Waters Treaty, which arranges the use of the River Indus water between India and Pakistan, is praised as one of the most sophisticated international water agreements. It has proved stable despite several complications taking place during its negotiations and implementation. Among the multitude of water treaties, this is the only agreement that physically divides a river system between the riparian states. Finally, it is also the only water treaty whereby a third party, the World Bank, played not only a crucial role in brokering the specific arrangements but was also a signatory.
Revisiting the Indus Waters TreatyIndus Waters Treaty • July 10th, 2018
Pakistan and India share an acrimonious past full of mistrust despite centuries of shared history. In addition to a common culture, languages, ethnicities and tradition, the two nations also share the Indus Waters. However, these waters have been subject to constant tension and conflict. Considering the emerging threat of water scarcity in the South Asian region, especially Pakistan, a future war on water between the two nations cannot be ruled out. Water has remained the only avenue of cooperation between the two states as is evident by the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) of 1960. Being the lower riparian state, Pakistan remains wary of the Indian hydropower power projects being initiated at the western rivers of the Indus basin. In this context, this article sheds light on the shortcomings of the IWT by highlighting its focus on the engineering and technical aspects while accentuating its failure to address the grey area that India can potentially exploit being the upper riparian state. How
Mahe Zehra HusainIndus Waters Treaty • December 22nd, 2021
•As a result of the partition of 1947 half of the province of Punjab was left in Pakistan and the other half went to India. Pre-partition Punjab was called the ‘bread basket’ of the Indian Sub-Continent and the British had invested in an extensive irrigation system. This system was cut across during 1947 leaving the canal network in Pakistan and the head works in India.This gave India control of the canals and made Pakistan uneasy.
Indus Waters Treaty 1960Indus Waters Treaty • August 16th, 2019
Recently the Union Water Resources Minister has said that the government under the Indus Water Treaty 1960, has decided to which earlier used to flow to Pakistan.
Relevance of Indus Water Treaty–A Key for Sustainable Bilateral Relation between India and PakistanIndus Waters Treaty • August 14th, 2015
The Indus Waters Treaty is a water-sharing treaty between the Republic of India and Islamic Republic of Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank (then the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development). The Indus System of Rivers comprises three Western Rivers (166 BCM) the Indus, the Jhelum and Chenab and three Eastern Rivers (41 BCM) the Sutlej, the Beas and the Ravi; and with minor exceptions, the treaty gives India exclusive use of all of the waters of the Eastern Rivers and their tributaries before the point where the rivers enter Pakistan. Similarly, Pakistan has exclusive use of the Western Rivers. Pakistan also received one-time financial compensation for the loss of water from the Eastern Rivers. Indus Waters Treaty has been successful for over forty years; the increasing needs for water and power in India and Pakistan are beginning to subject the Treaty to tensions. But treaty defused a major source of potential conflict and allowed each country to develop its share of th
GS2, International RelationsIndus Waters Treaty • July 21st, 2023
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONIndus Waters Treaty • September 14th, 2020
