Examples of Relative Spread in a sentence
The effective spread takes into account the possibility of a transaction within the spread, although in practice this is rare on the Paris stock exchange.9 The relative effective spread relates the spread to the midpoint of the spread10: Effective Relative Spread = Midpoint , where Ask Price + Bid PriceMidpoint =2 .
In contrast, Relative Spread (see, e.g., Holden, Jacobsen, and Subrahmanyam (2014)), the difference between the logarithm of the best offer price and the logarithm of the best bid price, and Amihud (2002) measure, the stock`s absolute return divided by its dollar volume, define the level of a stock`s illiquidity.
We include Relative Spread as an additional control to rule out that any improvements in the drift are caused by liquidity provision via repurchases.31 We start the analysis by pooling all quarter observations and subsequently add firm fixed effects and month fixed effects.Most of the coefficients come in with the expected signs.
Fund portfolio holdings are measured in two ways: 1) % Fund’s Allocation to a country; and 2)% Relative Spread that measures the over/under-investment by a fund relative to the MSCI Index weight for the country.
Absolute spread, Relative Spread are considered as transaction cost measures of liquidity (Richie and Madura, 2007; Hegde and McDermott,2004;Jegadeesh and Subrahmanyam, 1993).
We estimate this using stock returns and an equally weighted market index for the OSE, using asset prices for a given time interval, such as a half year or a year.• Operating income is the accounting income for the company.• Q is an estimate of Tobins’ Q, estimated as the market value of the firm’s asset over the book value.• Relative Spread: The Relative spread is measured as the difference between the best bid and best offer price, divided by the midpoint price (the average of the bid and offer price).
Existing Model Tc Calculations for the Fisheating Creek Sub-Basins (Page 3 of 10) Sub- basin Sheet FlowShallow Concentrated Flow Channel Flow Total Table 3-3.
Hakim and al., 2008 and Almutairi and al., 2009), and depth (Heflin andal., 2002; Matoussi and al., 2004 and Jain and al., 2006) since these measures to be adopted in the Tunisian context and are the most crucial liquidity on the Tunis Stock Exchange.The Relative Spread: for each value of the sample and for each day, we calculate the spread, as the difference between the best purchase price and the best sale price divided by the average of the two prices.
In this paper, we use three proxies to capture stock liquidity, namely Absolute Spread, Relative Spread and Amihud Ratio.
Relative Spread Sample (N=138) Pre Post t value Sign-rank Log-Diff p-valuePost-PreMean0.010.008-5.05 -0.0020.00Median0.00680.0048 -3001-0.0010.00Table 9Quality IndexThis table presents the mean and median of the quality index.