Common use of Isesengura Ryibibazo Bigize Urubanza Clause in Contracts

Isesengura Ryibibazo Bigize Urubanza. 3]Hategekimana Faustin wahawe ijambo yavuzeko yatanze amasambu abiri nk’ingwate ariko nyuma yishyura amafaranga ibihumbi 706,900 nk’uko bigaragagara mu nyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 KOKUHI yiyandikiye,iri deni akaba yararyishyuye mu ishyirahamwe ABISUNGANE ryaje guhinduka KOKUHI naho kukibazo cyo kumenya impamvu hatabayeho amasezerano yanditse ko yishyuye ari uko yarabereye iryo shyirahamwe umwanditsi waryo.Asaba indishyi z’akababaro za miliyoni imwe(1000,000),tike y’ibihumbi magana atanu(500,000)yatanze ava Nyagatare aza kuburana n’igarama ry’ibihumbi mirongo itanu(50,000) ; [4] Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI yavuzeko ideni ry’ibihumbi 706,900 Hategekimana Faustin avuga ritishyuwe ko inyandko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yayihawe agiye gusaba ideni muriSacco kuko hari indi nyandiko yo kuwa 27/06/2013 igaragaza ko atishyuye kuko iyo aza kwishyura iyo nyandiko yo kuwa 27/07/2013 iba yaraciwe ; [5]Urukiko rurasanga hari amasezerano yakozwe kuwa 27/06/2013 hagati ya Hategekimana Faustin na Buhigiro Jean Damascène,Ndahimana Jean Bosco bahagarariye koperative bemeranijwe ko Hategekimana Faustin abafitiye amafaranga ibihumbi ibihumbi 706,900 nawe abahaye umurima w’ingwate ariko nabasubiza ayo mafaranga nabo bazamusubize umurima. *6+Urukiko rurasanga kuwa 29/06/2013,perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe na Hategekimana Faustin ;i.Gusuzuma niba Hategekimana Faustin yarishyuye ideni ry’ibihumbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) yarabereyemo Koperative KOKUHI.[7]Urukiko rurasanga Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI adahakana inyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 igaragaza ko Hategekimana Faustin yishuye KOKUHI ideni ry’ibihmbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900)yarabereyemo koperative babereye umyobozi ariko akavuga ko nubwo iyo nyandiko ihari kandi aribo bayanditse batishyuwe ko gusa bakoze iyo nyandiko bashaka ko Hategekimana Faustin ayijyana muri Sacco kugirango bamuhe ideni nawe abashe kubishyura ;[8]Urukiko rurasanga iyi mvugo ya Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI nta shingiro yahabwa kuko mu masezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 basezeranye na Hategekimana Faustin ko bamuhaye amafaranga ibihmbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) nawe abahaye ingwate y’umurima,ko nabishyura bazamusubiza umurima we.Kuwa 29/06/2013 nyuma y’iminsi ibiri(2) Perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe na Hategekimana Faustin.Kuba bataraciye amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 itaba impamvu yo kuvugako batishyuwe kuko amasezerano yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yatesheje agaciro amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/20132Urukiko ; rurasanga nta nyungu koperative yari ifite yo kongera kwiruka inyuma ya Hategekimana Faustin imushakira aho akura ubwishyu kandi yaratanzeingwate.Kuba abahagarariye koperetive bemera ko yishyuwe ndetse n’uwabishyuye akavugako yabahaye amafaranga yari ababereyemo,urukiko rurasanga nta deni Hategekimana Faustin afitiye koperative KOKUHI ;ii.Gusuzuma niba Sacco yaragombaga guha Hategekimana Faustin umwenda ari uko arangije kwishyura KOKUHI ideni yarayibereyemo.[9]Urukiko rurasanga nta mpamvu koperative KOKUHI yagombaga kwivanga mu mibereho ya Hategekimana Faustin mu gihe agiye gusaba inguzanyo muri Sacco kuko KOKUHI yagombaga gutegereza igihe yumvikaniyeho na Hategekimana Faustin cyo kuyishyura atabikora koperative KOKUHI ikagurisha ingwate yari yahawe cyangwa se ikamurega.Kuvuga rero ko koperative yagombaga kwishyurwa ari uko Hategekimana Faustin ahawe inguzanyo na Sacco nta shingiro iyi mvugo yahabwa kuko kuba baramuhaye ideni batagombaga kumufasha aho azakura ubwishyu kandi yaratanze ingwate ;

Isesengura Ryibibazo Bigize Urubanza. 3]Hategekimana Faustin wahawe ijambo yavuzeko A- Kumenya niba Umucamanza wa mbere yagombaga gutegeka ko inyungu zivanywaho kuva itariki ya 09/05/2013 kuko aribwo KCB RWANDA Ltd yashyizeho ijanisha rya 17% aho gutegeka ko zivanywaho nyuma ya cyamunara. [10] SAGAMBA Justin yajuriye ku mpamvu y’uko Umucamanza wa mbere yaribeshye yemeza ko agomba kuvanirwaho inyungu yabariwe nyuma ya cyamunara yo ku wa 24/10/2014 zikakomeza kubarirwa kuri 7%, kandi mu by’ukuri zakagombye kuvanwaho zihereye tariki ya 09/05/2013 kuko aribwo KCB RWANDA Ltd yashyizeho ijanisha rya 17%. [11] KCB RWANDA Ltd yiregura ivuga ko SAGAMBA Justin avuga ko Umucamanza yibeshye agena inyungu za 7% uhereye nyuma ya cyamunara kandi yaragombaga kubara izo nyungu ahereye tariki ya 09/05/2013, nyamara Umucamanza ntiyibeshye ahubwo yafashe icyemezo ashingiye ku kwiregura kw’ababuranyi ndetse ashingira k’umategeko n’ibimenyetso. Isobanura imyiregure yayo ivuga ko uwajuriye yemera umwenda yahawe ungana na Frw 37.000,000 ariko ntiyemera inyungu ziwuturukaho za 17%, yifuza kugabanirizwa izo nyungu agashyirwa kuri 7% kandi zibarwa abakozi ba KCB Rwanda Ltd bakiri mu kazi naho abakiriya basanzwe inyungu zibarwa kuri 17%, kandi urega atari umukozi wa KCB Rwanda Ltd ku buryo yagabanirizwa agashyirwa ku nyungu ya 7% yagenewe abakozi. Ivuga ko uwajuriye atigeze aregera y’uko atishimiye inyungu za 17% cyangwa ngo yange gusinya amasezerano yavuzwe haruguru abivuze aruko abona ikibazo cyafashe indi ntera agejejwe mu Nkiko, bivuga ko yemeraga ibikubiye mu masezerano y’inguzanyo yahawe. Ivuga ko uwajuriye yasinye amasezerano y’inguzanyo tariki ya 02/08/2011 ayasinyira imbere ya Notaire, muri ayo masezerano hari ingingo ivuga ko igihe nyirikugurizwa azaba atakiri umukozi wa KCB Rwanda Ltd inyungu zizakurwa kuri 7% zigashyirwa ku nyungu zihwanye nizabandi bakiriya basanzwe, akaba ari uko byagenze kuko SAGAMBA Justin atakiri umukozi wa KCB Rwanda Ltd. *12+ Ku bijyanye n’icyo kibazo, Urukiko rusanze ko mu gika cya 5 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa ku rupapuro rwa 3, Umucamanza yavuze ko ingingo ya 4 y’inyandiko yo ku wa 02/08/2011 KCB RWANDA Ltd yandikiye SAGAMBA Justin imumenyesha ko yemerewe inguzanyo nawe akemera ibikubiyemo ku wa 03/08/2011 ifatwa nk’amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye igaragaza ko inyungu zari kubarirwa kuri 7% ku mwaka, bityo kuba KCB RWANDA Ltd yarazamuye inyungu ikazishyura kuri 17% SAGAMBA Justin amaze kwirukanwa muri iyo Banki, bikaba bitateganyijwe mu masezerano kuko ayo 17% atigeze agaragazwamo kandi ntaho iyo ngingo ivuga ko mu giheSAGAMBA Justin azaba atari umukozi ijanisha rizahinduka kuko nta bubasha KCB RWANDA Ltd yahawe bwo kugena iryo janisha yonyine kandi akaba ariyo yategjuye ayo masezerano, rero kuba ariyo yateguye ayo masezerano ariko ikaba itagaragaza ahanditswe ijanisha rya 17%, ikaba yarashyize iryo janisha rya 17% mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, akaba yaragombaga gukomeza kubarirwa kuri 7% ku mwaka hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 71 y’Itegeko rigenga amasezerano (2011) ivuga ko mu guhitamo igisobanuro cyumvikana ku isezeranya, ku masezerano cyangwa imwe mu ngingo ziyagize, igisobanuro rusange kigenderwaho ni ikitagendera ku ruhande rwatanze amagambo yakoreshejwe cyangwa uruhande rwandikishije inyandiko. [13] Rusanze nyamara ko nyuma yo gutanga ibyo bisobanuro avuga ko inyungu zagombaga gukomeza kubarirwa ku ijanisha rya 7%, Umucamanza wa mbere yafashe icyemezo gitandukanye n’ibisobanure yatanze amasambu abiri nk’ingwate kuko mu gika cya 10 na 11 by’urubanza rujurirwa ku rupapuro rwa 4, yemeje ko KCB RWANDA Ltd itagomba guhindura ijanisha rya 7% irishyira kuri 17% itabyumvikanye na SAGAMBA Justin ariko ko inyungu zivanyweho n’inyungu zabazwe nyuma yishyura amafaranga ibihumbi 706,900 ya cyamunara, maze yemeza ko umwenda ugomba kwishyurwa ungana na Frw 25.350.891. [14] Rusanze rero ko nubwo Umucamanza wa mbere yemeje ko hagomba gukurwaho inyungu zabazwe nyuma ya cyamunara yabaye ku wa 24/10/2014 ariko yakomeje yemeza ko umwenda wishyurwa ari Frw 25.350.891 nk’uko bigaragagara KCB RWANDA Ltd yaregeye kandi uwo mwenda ubazwe hakurikijwe ijanisha rya 17%. [15] Rusanze ko ibyo Umucamanza wa mbere yasobanuye mu rubanza rujurirwa avuga ko ijanisha rya 17% ridateganyijwe mu masezerano, ataribyo kuko mu ngingo ya 14.4 y’inyandiko SAGAMBA Justin yandikiwe na KCB RWANDA Ltd ku wa 02/08/2011 imumenyesha amabwiriza y’inguzanyo yahawe nawe yemeye mu nyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 KOKUHI yiyandikiye,iri deni akaba yararyishyuye yanditse ku wa 03/08/2011, hateganyijwe ko mu ishyirahamwe ABISUNGANE ryaje guhinduka KOKUHI naho kukibazo cyo kumenya impamvu hatabayeho amasezerano yanditse gihe umukozi azaba atakiri umukozi wa KCB RWANDA Ltd ku mpamvu iyari yose, inyungu zizabarwa ku ijanisha ry’abakiliya basanzwe batari abakozi. Rusanze ko yishyuye ari uko yarabereye kubera ko SAGAMBA Justin atakiri umukozi, byumvikana ko umwenda we ubarirwa ku ijanisha ry’abakiloya basanzwe kandi niba iryo shyirahamwe umwanditsi waryo.Asaba indishyi z’akababaro za miliyoni imwe(1000,000),tike y’ibihumbi magana atanu(500,000)yatanze ava Nyagatare aza kuburana n’igarama ry’ibihumbi mirongo itanu(50,000) ; [4] Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI yavuzeko ideni ry’ibihumbi 706,900 Hategekimana Faustin avuga ritishyuwe ko inyandko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yayihawe agiye gusaba ideni muriSacco kuko hari indi nyandiko yo kuwa 27/06/2013 igaragaza ko atishyuye kuko iyo aza kwishyura iyo nyandiko yo kuwa 27/07/2013 iba yaraciwe ; [5]Urukiko rurasanga hari amasezerano yakozwe kuwa 27/06/2013 hagati ya Hategekimana Faustin na Buhigiro Jean Damascène,Ndahimana Jean Bosco bahagarariye koperative bemeranijwe ko Hategekimana Faustin abafitiye amafaranga ibihumbi ibihumbi 706,900 nawe abahaye umurima w’ingwate ariko nabasubiza ayo mafaranga nabo bazamusubize umurima. *6+Urukiko rurasanga kuwa 29/06/2013,perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe na Hategekimana Faustin ;i.Gusuzuma janisha igeze kuri 17%, niryo ryakagombye gukoresha kabone niba Hategekimana Faustin yarishyuye ideni ry’ibihumbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) yarabereyemo Koperative KOKUHI.[7]Urukiko rurasanga Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI adahakana inyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 igaragaza ko Hategekimana Faustin yishuye KOKUHI ideni ry’ibihmbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900)yarabereyemo koperative babereye umyobozi ariko akavuga ko nubwo iyo nyandiko ihari kandi aribo bayanditse batishyuwe ko gusa bakoze iyo nyandiko bashaka ko Hategekimana Faustin ayijyana muri Sacco kugirango bamuhe ideni nawe abashe kubishyura ;[8]Urukiko rurasanga iyi mvugo ya Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI nta shingiro yahabwa kuko iryo janisha ritanditse mu buryo butaziguye mu masezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 basezeranye na Hategekimana Faustin cyame cyane ko bamuhaye amafaranga ibihmbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) nawe abahaye ingwate y’umurima,ntabwo Banki yari kwemeza ijanisha rukana kandi ntabwo yari izi ijanisha ryari kuba rikoreshwa igihe umukozi wagurijwe yari kuva mu kazi. [16] Rusanze ariko ko nabishyura bazamusubiza umurima we.Kuwa 29/06/2013 kubera ko Umucamanza wa mbere yemeje ko inyungu zabazwe nyuma y’iminsi ibiri(2) Perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe na Hategekimana Faustin.Kuba bataraciye amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 itaba impamvu yo kuvugako batishyuwe ya cyamunara zivanwaho kubera ko zibazwe kuri 17% ndetse ko bidakurikije amasezerano; icyo cyemezo kigomba kuguma uko cyafashwe kuko amasezerano yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yatesheje agaciro amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/20132Urukiko ; rurasanga nta nyungu koperative yari ifite yo kongera kwiruka inyuma ya Hategekimana Faustin imushakira aho akura ubwishyu kandi yaratanzeingwate.Kuba abahagarariye koperetive bemera ko yishyuwe ndetse n’uwabishyuye akavugako yabahaye amafaranga yari ababereyemo,urukiko rurasanga nta deni Hategekimana Faustin afitiye koperative KOKUHI ;ii.Gusuzuma niba Sacco yaragombaga guha Hategekimana Faustin umwenda ari uko arangije kwishyura KOKUHI ideni yarayibereyemo.[9]Urukiko rurasanga nta mpamvu koperative KOKUHI yagombaga kwivanga mu mibereho ya Hategekimana Faustin mu gihe agiye gusaba inguzanyo muri Sacco kuko KOKUHI yagombaga gutegereza igihe yumvikaniyeho na Hategekimana Faustin cyo kuyishyura atabikora koperative KOKUHI ikagurisha ingwate yari yahawe cyangwa se ikamurega.Kuvuga rero ko koperative yagombaga kwishyurwa ari uko Hategekimana Faustin ahawe inguzanyo na Sacco nta shingiro iyi mvugo yahabwa kuko kuba baramuhaye ideni batagombaga kumufasha aho azakura ubwishyu kandi yaratanze ingwate ;KCB RWANDA Ltd itakijuririye1 nubwo

Isesengura Ryibibazo Bigize Urubanza. 3]Hategekimana Faustin wahawe ijambo yavuzeko yatanze amasambu abiri nk’ingwate ariko nyuma yishyura amafaranga ibihumbi 706,900 nk’uko bigaragagara mu nyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 KOKUHI yiyandikiye,iri deni akaba yararyishyuye mu ishyirahamwe ABISUNGANE ryaje guhinduka KOKUHI naho kukibazo cyo kumenya impamvu hatabayeho amasezerano yanditse ko yishyuye ari uko yarabereye iryo shyirahamwe umwanditsi waryo.Asaba indishyi z’akababaro za miliyoni imwe(1000,000),tike y’ibihumbi magana atanu(500,000)yatanze ava Nyagatare aza kuburana n’igarama ry’ibihumbi mirongo itanu(50,000) ; [411] Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI yavuzeko ideni ry’ibihumbi 706,900 Hategekimana Faustin avuga ritishyuwe ko inyandko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yayihawe agiye gusaba ideni muriSacco kuko hari indi nyandiko yo kuwa 27/06/2013 igaragaza ko atishyuye kuko iyo aza kwishyura iyo nyandiko yo kuwa 27/07/2013 iba yaraciwe ; [5]Urukiko rurasanga hari amasezerano yakozwe kuwa 27/06/2013 hagati Ikibazo gisuzumwa muri uru rubanza n’igikurikira: Kumenya niba iperereza ryakozwe na SONARWA Ltd ishobora gufatwa nk’ikimeyetso muri uru rubanza nubwo ritakozwe n’inzego z’Ubugenzacyaha cyangwa iz’Ubushinjacyaha.[12] Ingingo ya Hategekimana Faustin na Buhigiro Jean Damascène,Ndahimana Jean Bosco bahagarariye koperative bemeranijwe ko Hategekimana Faustin abafitiye amafaranga ibihumbi ibihumbi 706,900 nawe abahaye umurima w’ingwate ariko nabasubiza ayo mafaranga nabo bazamusubize umurima. *6+Urukiko rurasanga kuwa 29/06/2013,perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe na Hategekimana Faustin ;i.Gusuzuma niba Hategekimana Faustin yarishyuye ideni ry’ibihumbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) yarabereyemo Koperative KOKUHI.[7]Urukiko rurasanga Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI adahakana inyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 igaragaza ko Hategekimana Faustin yishuye KOKUHI ideni ry’ibihmbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900)yarabereyemo koperative babereye umyobozi ariko akavuga ko nubwo iyo nyandiko ihari kandi aribo bayanditse batishyuwe ko gusa bakoze iyo nyandiko bashaka ko Hategekimana Faustin ayijyana muri Sacco kugirango bamuhe ideni nawe abashe kubishyura ;[8]Urukiko rurasanga iyi mvugo ya Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI nta shingiro yahabwa kuko mu masezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 basezeranye na Hategekimana Faustin ko bamuhaye amafaranga ibihmbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) nawe abahaye ingwate y’umurima,ko nabishyura bazamusubiza umurima we.Kuwa 29/06/2013 nyuma y’iminsi ibiri(2) Perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe na Hategekimana Faustin.Kuba bataraciye amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 itaba impamvu yo kuvugako batishyuwe kuko amasezerano yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yatesheje agaciro amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/20132Urukiko ; rurasanga nta nyungu koperative yari ifite yo kongera kwiruka inyuma ya Hategekimana Faustin imushakira aho akura ubwishyu kandi yaratanzeingwate.Kuba abahagarariye koperetive bemera ko yishyuwe ndetse n’uwabishyuye akavugako yabahaye amafaranga yari ababereyemo,urukiko rurasanga nta deni Hategekimana Faustin afitiye koperative KOKUHI ;ii.Gusuzuma niba Sacco yaragombaga guha Hategekimana Faustin umwenda ari uko arangije kwishyura KOKUHI ideni yarayibereyemo.[9]Urukiko rurasanga nta mpamvu koperative KOKUHI yagombaga kwivanga mu mibereho ya Hategekimana Faustin 9 y’Itegeko ryo ku wa 2 Kanama 1913 ryerekeye Abacuruzi n’Ibimenyetso by’inshingano z’Ubucuruzi igiri iti: «Hatitaweho uburyo bwo gutanga ibimenyetso bwemewe n'amategeko y'imboneza-mubano, inshingano z'ubucuruzi zishobora kugaragazwa n'imvugo y'abagabo, cyangwa ibimenyetso bindi bicukumbuwe, mu gihe agiye gusaba inguzanyo muri Sacco kuko KOKUHI yagombaga gutegereza igihe yumvikaniyeho cyose urukiko ruzabyemera rutanyuranyije n'ibiteganywa n'amategeko. Mu bihe bimwe, hashobora gutangwa ibimenyetso bivuguruza ibikubiye mu nyandiko.» [13] Iyo ngingo yavuzwe haruguru yemeza ko mu bibazo by’ubucuruzi hashobora gukoreshwa ibimenyetso ibyo ari byose; ibyo bikaba ari ihame rya “liberté de la preuve en matière commerciale” ishimangirwa ndetse n’abahanga mu mategeko nka Marie LAMENSCH na Hategekimana Faustin cyo kuyishyura atabikora koperative KOKUHI ikagurisha ingwate yari yahawe cyangwa se ikamurega.Kuvuga rero ko koperative yagombaga kwishyurwa ari uko Hategekimana Faustin ahawe inguzanyo na Sacco nta shingiro iyi mvugo yahabwa kuko kuba baramuhaye ideni batagombaga kumufasha aho azakura ubwishyu kandi yaratanze ingwate ;Me Simont BRAUN1 bavuga bati: «En droit commercial, l’on définit traditionnellement le principe de la liberté de la preuve, fondé sur l’article 25 alinéa 1er du Code de commerce, par la constatation que dans cette matière, les preuves par témoins et par présomptions sont admissibles quelle que soit la valeur de l’engagement contesté, et ce, même si elles vont à l’encontre d’actes écrits, de sorte qu’un commencement de prevue par écrit, au sens de l’article 1347 du Code civil, n’est pas requis pour leur admissibilité…On justifie généralement l’absence

Isesengura Ryibibazo Bigize Urubanza. 3]Hategekimana Faustin wahawe ijambo yavuzeko yatanze amasambu abiri nk’ingwate A- Kumenya niba BK Ltd yakuyeho amadolari kuri konti ya RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo ikaba igomba kuyasubiza. [20] Urukiko rw'Ubucuruzi rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko hashingiwe ku masezerano RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd yagiranye na BK Ltd ku wa 29/10/2013 nta chargeback iteganyijwe, BK Ltd ntaho ishingira ikuraho amafaranga kuri konti ya RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd, bityo ikaba rero chargebacks zose zakozwe kuri konti ya RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd zikaba zigomba guteshwa agaciro kuko zakozwe binyuranyije n’amategeko. [21] BK Ltd yajuririye icyo cyemezo ivuga ko kuba Urukiko rwa mbere rwaremeje ko ntaho yashingiye ikura amadorali kuri konti ya RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd,rukaba rwarirengagije amasezerano yabaye hagati y'impande zombi, ndetse Urukiko rukaba rutarigeze rusaba RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd ikimenyetso cy'ayo madorali nkuko byasabwe na BK Ltd. [22] Isobanura iyo mpamvu y’ubujurire ivuga ko Urukiko rwirengagije ibimenyetso n'ibisobanuro yaruhaye, bigaragaza koRWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd yakuraga amafaranga ku ba clients batasabye service, uburyo byakorwagamo hifashishwaga ikoranabuhanga, aha ikimenyetso kibigaragaza ko bibaho n'urubanza RP 0180/15/TB/KCY aho uwaregwaga icyo cyaha yabyemeye akanasobanura uburyo bikorwamo. [23] BK Ltd irasaba uru Rukiko ko gushingira ku mabwiriza agenga imyishyurire inyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya VISA. [24] Ku bijyanye n’impamvu ya mbere y’ubujurire, RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd ivuga ko nta shingiro ifite kuko Urukiko rwagendeye ku masezerano yabaye hagati y'impande zombi nk’uko bigaragara ku rupapuro rwa 3, igika cya 8 cy'urubanza rujuririrwa aho Umucamanza yavuze ko nta chargeback ziteganyijwe muri ayo masezerano. Ivuga kandi ko ntabwo ariyo yari gusabwa ikimenyetso cy'ayo madorali BK Ltd ivuga kuko atariyo byarebaga. [25+ Isobanura iyo mpamvu y’ubujurire ivuga ko RWANDA DISCOVERY AND TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd ari ikigo cy’ubucuruzi kigurisha ama tike (tickets) y’indege zitandukanye maze kwishyurana hagati y’ikigo gitanze iyo tike n’uyihawe bigakorwa hifashishijwe akamashini ka Visa ariko nyuma yishyura bita “Visa payment machine” ku badashobora kwishyura amafaranga ibihumbi 706,900 nk’uko bigaragagara mu nyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 KOKUHI yiyandikiye,iri deni akaba yararyishyuye mu ishyirahamwe ABISUNGANE ryaje guhinduka KOKUHI naho kukibazo cyo kumenya impamvu hatabayeho amasezerano yanditse ntoki; ariko ko yishyuye kubera ko imyishyuranire yose ikoresheje ako kamashini ka Visa isaba ko haba hari Banki ikorana n’ikigo gishinzwe Visa ku isi cyitwa Visa Inc. (incorporated) ikaba ariyo inyuzwamo amafaranga yishyuwe n’abahawe amatike y’indege; Banki rero ikorana na Visa Inc ikaba ari uko yarabereye iryo shyirahamwe umwanditsi waryo.Asaba indishyi z’akababaro za miliyoni imwe(1000,000),tike y’ibihumbi magana atanu(500,000)yatanze ava Nyagatare aza kuburana n’igarama ry’ibihumbi mirongo itanu(50,000) ; [4] Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI yavuzeko ideni ry’ibihumbi 706,900 Hategekimana Faustin avuga ritishyuwe ko inyandko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yayihawe agiye gusaba ideni muriSacco kuko hari indi nyandiko yo kuwa 27/06/2013 igaragaza ko atishyuye kuko iyo aza kwishyura iyo nyandiko yo kuwa 27/07/2013 iba yaraciwe ; [5]Urukiko rurasanga hari amasezerano yakozwe kuwa 27/06/2013 hagati ya Hategekimana Faustin na Buhigiro Jean Damascène,Ndahimana Jean Bosco bahagarariye koperative bemeranijwe ko Hategekimana Faustin abafitiye amafaranga ibihumbi ibihumbi 706,900 nawe abahaye umurima w’ingwate ariko nabasubiza BK Ltd ari nayo inyuzwamo ayo mafaranga nabo bazamusubize umurimayishyurwa. *6+Urukiko rurasanga kuwa 29/06/2013,perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije Ivuga ko ari muri urwo rwego amafaranga yose yishyurwaga ku matike yatanzwe na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye RWANDA DISCOVERY AND TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd yanyuzwaga muri BK Ltd maze iyi nayo ikayohereza kuri Konti y’ikigo cyishyuwe. Ivuga ko konti 00040-0478647-15 USD iri muri BK ariyo yishyurirwagaho amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe yose y’amatike RWANDA DISCOVERY AND TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd yabaga yagurishije kuva ku wa 04/11/2013, ari nako nyir’iyo konti yashyiragaho akanakuraho amafaranga nta mbogamizi. [26] Ivuga ko ku wa 08/07/2015, yaje gutungurwa no kubona kuri ya konti yayo BK Ltd yaravanyeho amadolari angana na Hategekimana Faustin ;i.Gusuzuma niba Hategekimana Faustin yarishyuye ideni ry’ibihumbi magana cyenda 70,454.61 USD ngo akaba ari aya VISA CHARGEBACK, idateganyijwe mu masezerano ikigo cyagiranye na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) yarabereyemo Koperative KOKUHI.[7]Urukiko rurasanga Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI adahakana inyandiko yo kuwa 29/06/2013 igaragaza BK Ltd, bituma Umuyobozi wayo yandikira BK Ltd ayibaza impamvu bakura amafaranga kuri konti yabo mu buryo butazwi ariko ntiyagira icyo imusubiza ahubwo ikaba yarababwiye ko Hategekimana Faustin yishuye KOKUHI ideni ry’ibihmbi magana cyenda kuri telefoni ko ngo habaye uburiganya kuri za Visa cards z’abaguze amatike y’indege na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900)yarabereyemo koperative babereye umyobozi ariko akavuga RWANDA DISCOVERY AND TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd, ngo akaba ariyo mpamvu amafaranga yari yarishyuwe ku matike Banki yayasubije abari bishyuye, bivuga ngo abaguze amatike bahawe amatike banasubizwa n’amafaranga bari batanze kuri ayo matike. [27] RWANDA DISCOVERY AND TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd ivuga ko ibonamo uburiganya muri bene iyo mikorere kuko nta “chargeback” iteganyijwe mu masezerano bagiranye, kandi nta mu kiliya wigeze ayigezaho ikibazo cyavuzwe na BK Ltdi, nta n’ikimenyetso kigaragaza ibyo BK Ltd ivuga, na none kandi ibyakozwe na BK Ltd bikaba bitarigeze bimenyeshwa RWANDA DISCOVERY AND TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd nk’uko amasezerano bagiranye ibiteganya [28] Ku bijyanye n’icyo kibazo, Urukiko rusanze ko kuba BK Ltd ijuriririra ivuga Urukiko rwarirengagije amasezerano yabaye hagati y'impande zombi ndetse rukaba rutarigeze rusaba RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd ikimenyetso cy'ayo madorali nk’uko yabisabye, ibyo bikaba nta shingiro bifite kubera ko Urukiko rwasobanuye neza mu gika cya 8 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa ko nta chargeback iteganyijwe mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye ku wa 29/10/2013, bityo BK Ltd mu gukuraho amafaranga ya chargeback kuri konti ya RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd ikaba yarakoze ibinyuranyije n’amasezerano. Rusanze kandi ko kuba BK Ltd ivuga ko nta bimenyetso Urukiko rubanza rwagaragarijwe na RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd, ibyo bikaba nta shingiro bifite kubera y’uko muri dosiye y’urubanza rujuririrwa hagaragaramo kuri Cote 33 kugeza kuri Cote 240 ibimenyetso by’amatike y’indege yaguzwe hakoreshejwe urubuga rwa interineti. [29] Rusanze nyamara ko nubwo iyo nyandiko ihari kandi aribo bayanditse batishyuwe BK Ltd mu gukuraho chargeback kuri konti ya RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd yirengagije amasezerano bagiranye, RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd mu kugurisha amatike yifashije urubuga rwa interineti ituma idasaba abo ivuga ko gusa bakoze iyo nyandiko bashaka baguze ayo matike gusinya bagaragaza ko Hategekimana Faustin ayijyana muri Sacco kugirango bamuhe ideni nawe abashe kubishyura ;[8]Urukiko rurasanga iyi mvugo bemeye ko amafaranga akurwa kuri konti yabo hakoreshejwe visa cards zabo nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya Me Uwingabire Alice uhagarariye KOKUHI nta shingiro yahabwa kuko 6, igika cya 2 y’amasezerano yagiranye na BK Ltd ivuga ko RWANDA DISCOVERY & TRAVEL AGENCY Ltd igomba gusuzuma niba ticket (agapapuro gasohoka kuri mashini ya Visa nyuma y’uko karita yinjiyemo kugira ngo yishyure amafaranga y’icyaguzwe)1, ibyo bikaba bivugwa mu masezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 basezeranye na Hategekimana Faustin ko bamuhaye amafaranga ibihmbi magana cyenda na bitandatu magana cyenda(906,900) nawe abahaye ingwate y’umurima,ko nabishyura bazamusubiza umurima wemagambo y’icyongereza akurikira: “In the payment the Merchant shall: ...check wheter the ticket is signed by the customer.Kuwa 29/06/2013 nyuma y’iminsi ibiri(2) Perezida w’ishyirahanwe witwa Buhigiro Jean Damascène afatanyije na comité y’ishyirahawe bemejeko babonye amafaranga ibihumbi 906,900 bishyuwe na Hategekimana Faustin.Kuba bataraciye amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/2013 itaba impamvu yo kuvugako batishyuwe kuko amasezerano yo kuwa 29/06/2013 yatesheje agaciro amasezerano yo kuwa 27/06/20132Urukiko ; rurasanga nta nyungu koperative yari ifite yo kongera kwiruka inyuma ya Hategekimana Faustin imushakira aho akura ubwishyu kandi yaratanzeingwate.Kuba abahagarariye koperetive bemera ko yishyuwe ndetse n’uwabishyuye akavugako yabahaye amafaranga yari ababereyemo,urukiko rurasanga nta deni Hategekimana Faustin afitiye koperative KOKUHI ;ii.Gusuzuma niba Sacco yaragombaga guha Hategekimana Faustin umwenda ari uko arangije kwishyura KOKUHI ideni yarayibereyemo.[9]Urukiko rurasanga nta mpamvu koperative KOKUHI yagombaga kwivanga mu mibereho ya Hategekimana Faustin mu gihe agiye gusaba inguzanyo muri Sacco kuko KOKUHI yagombaga gutegereza igihe yumvikaniyeho na Hategekimana Faustin cyo kuyishyura atabikora koperative KOKUHI ikagurisha ingwate yari yahawe cyangwa se ikamurega.Kuvuga rero ko koperative yagombaga kwishyurwa ari uko Hategekimana Faustin ahawe inguzanyo na Sacco nta shingiro iyi mvugo yahabwa kuko kuba baramuhaye ideni batagombaga kumufasha aho azakura ubwishyu kandi yaratanze ingwate ;”