CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS Sample Clauses

CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS. (CPSs) refer to “ICT systems (sensing, actuating, computing, communica- tion, etc.) embedded in physical objects, interconnected (including through the Internet) and providing citizens and businesses with a wide range of innovative applications and services” [Tho13, DAB+15]. A

CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS. (Cyber security & Big data focussing on Cities and Urbanisation)

CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS. Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) refers to a class of distributed systems with integrated cyber and physical components. The cyber aspects of the system are computational in nature and the physical aspects include sensors, actuators and mechatronic compo- nents. These aspects interact with each other and exhibit multiple modalities. Exam- ples of CPS systems include smart grids, automated avionics and collision avoidance systems. Most CPS systems are typically embedded systems with physical inputs connected over a network. There are protocols and mechanisms that enable communication between these devices. One of the main advantages of CPS systems is that they provide an increase in computational resources as multiple devices coordinate with each other. The decentralization of the system also provides an increase in reliability in terms of device failures. With advancements in the dependability and reconfigurability in both hardware and software components, CPS systems have been found to be increasingly find more applications. Many government and industry sectors have begun investing in these technologies. The European Union has a joint technology initiative across many Euro- pean countries and the Advanced Research and Technology for Embedded Intelligence Systems (ARTEMIS). The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) has also funded many CPS based research projects. These systems are often targeted and there is a need for strengthening their security aspects.