Discordant Reality of Industry Sample Clauses

Discordant Reality of Industry. J.C.L. Xxxxxxx xx Xxxxxxxx, a liberal republican and student of Xxxxx, gives an account of industry that emphasises its increasingly problematic nature.23 As Xxxxxxx-Xxxxx explains, “The progress of industry meant the growth of inequality. There was no single industrial class. Rather, there were two classes - capitalists and proletarians - and the gulf between them was widening”.24 Furthermore, as Xxxxxx recognises, the “frequent and sudden reductions in employment” associated with the “industrial war”, give “rise to feelings of bitterness among the class of wage-earners” [EW, p.304]. The increasing misery caused by industry in the ranks of the proletariat, argues Xxxxxx, “inevitably increases the conflict between the propertied and the propertyless classes” [EW, p.309]. This is one aspect that leads Xxxx to argue that the “consequences of industry” appear “more developed and more contradictory” to the later political economists [EW, p.343]. The theoretical division between the “industriels”/”industrieux” and the “oisifs” is one appropriate to a class struggle between producers and idlers, a conception binding the productive workers to the entrepreneurial bourgeoisie as a revolutionary class. However, in his writings of 1843/1844, Xxxx increasingly argued that the “role of emancipator” [EW, p.255] in the search for human freedom had 22 Interestingly Xxxx associates this development with “pure morality” (Xxxx Early Writings, p.340). 23 Xxxxxxxx's Nouveaux principes d’économie politique (Paris: Xxxxxxxx, 1819) is another source for Xxxx, albeit quoted by Xxxx only from Buret (Xxxx Early Writings, p.306, p.339). See Xxxxxxx-Xxxxx for a more detailed account of Sismondi (Xxxxxxx-Xxxxx “Saint Simon”, p.35). 24 Xxxxxxx-Xxxxx “Saint Simon”, p.35 definitively passed from the xxxxxxxxx class in all countries, either by the result or the impossibility of partial emancipation, to a new class.25 The concept of industry develops alongside the developing capitalist class: from being the battle-cry of the bourgeoisie against the old regime, it latterly universalises the value with which the bourgeoisie justifies its own rule over society. This requires the values of industry to be taken up not just by the industrious xxxxxxxxx, but in some sense by other sections of society, such as the productive workers. Thus the “industriels” could feasibly include both productive labourers and the masters of labour, and the “oisifs” could refer to the dependent poor as well as the pa...