Disease and Predation Sample Clauses

Disease and Predation. Disease, predation, competition, and hybridization. Disease: Although a diversity of microbial species is naturally associated with amphibians, it is generally accepted that they are rarely pathogenic to amphibians except under stressful environmental conditions. Amphibian chytridiomycosis (chytrid), caused by the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is an emerging panzootic fungal disease that has been associated with amphibian declines in the United States and globally (Daszak et al. 2003, Xxxxxxxxx et al. 2005, Xxxxxx et al. 2005, Ouellet et al. 2005, Rachowicz et al. 2006, Pounds et al. 2006, Pearl et al. 0000x, Xxxxxxxxxx and Wake 2007). Clinical signs and diagnosis of amphibian chytrid are described by Daszak et al. (1999) and include abnormal posture, lethargy, and loss of righting reflex. Gross lesions, which are usually not apparent, consist of abnormal epidermal sloughing and ulceration; hemorrhages in the skin, muscle, or eye; hyperemia of digital and ventrum skin; and congestion of viscera. Diagnosis is by identification of characteristic intracellular flask-shaped sporangia and septate thalli within the epidermis. Chytrid can be identified in some species of frogs by examining the oral discs of tadpoles which may be abnormally formed or lacking pigment (Fellers et al. 2001). Columbia spotted frogs at sites in Alberta, Canada, northeastern Oregon, and northern Idaho (Northern DPS) have tested positive for Bd (Bull 2006, Xxxxx 2006, Pearl et al. 2007b, Xxxxx et al. 2010, Xxxxxxx et al. 2010, Xxxxxxx et al. 2012). Bd has recently been detected at the Tennessee Gulch site within the Xxxxxxx River watershed in northeastern Nevada (Xxxxxx and Xxxxx 2011). In addition, Bd has been found in two bullfrog populations within Nevada. Along the Owyhee River in northern Elko County, one population of Columbia spotted frogs (which has not been tested) co-occurs with infected bullfrogs (Green 2006); the other infected bullfrog population is near Beatty, Nevada, which is approximately 225 km (140 mi) to the south of the Toiyabe Mountains subpopulation (USGS 2005). To date, Bd has not been detected in Toiyabe subpopulations (Xxxxxx and Xxxxx 2011). Another population of bullfrog co-occurs with Columbia spotted frog in the Xxxxxx Creek basin; however, the Columbia spotted frog population has been recently tested and was found to be Bd negative (Xxxxxx and Xxxxx 2011). Chytrid has not been associated with large die-offs of Columbia spotted frogs...
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Disease and Predation. Disease, predation, competition and hybridization. Disease: Although a diversity of microbial species are naturally associated with amphibians, it is generally accepted that they are rarely pathogenic to amphibians except under stressful environmental conditions. Chytridiomycosis is an emerging panzootic fungal disease in the United States (Fellers et al. 2001). Clinical signs of amphibian chytridiomycosis (chytrid) include abnormal posture, lethargy, and loss of righting reflex. Gross lesions, which are usually not apparent, consist of abnormal epidermal sloughing and epidermal ulceration; hemorrhages in the skin, muscle, or eye; hyperemia of digital and ventrum skin, congestion of viscera. Diagnosis is by identification of characteristic intracellular flask-shaped sporangia and septate thalli within the epidermis. Chytrid can be identified in some species of frogs by examining the oral discs of tadpoles which may be abnormally formed or lack pigment (Fellers et al. 2001). Chytrid has been found in Columbia spotted frog populations in Idaho and Utah. To date chytrid fungus has not been found in spotted frog populations in Nevada (Xxx pers. comm 2002; Hatch
Sample 1
Disease and Predation. Disease, predation, competition and hybridization. Disease: Although a diversity of microbial species are naturally associated with amphibians, it is generally accepted that they are rarely pathogenic to amphibians except under stressful environmental conditions. Chytridiomycosis is an emerging panzootic fungal disease in the United States (Fellers et al. 2001). Clinical signs of amphibian chytridiomycosis (chytrid) include abnormal posture, lethargy, and loss of righting reflex. Gross lesions, which are usually not apparent, consist of abnormal epidermal sloughing and epidermal ulceration; hemorrhages in the skin, muscle, or eye; hyperemia of digital and ventrum skin, congestion of viscera. Diagnosis is by identification of characteristic intracellular flask-shaped sporangia and septate thalli within the epidermis. Chytrid can be identified in some species of frogs by examining the oral discs of tadpoles which may be abnormally formed or lack pigment (Fellers et al. 2001). Chytrid has been found in Columbia spotted frog populations in Idaho and Utah. To date chytrid fungus has not been found in spotted frog populations in Nevada (Xxx pers. comm 2002; Hatch pers. comm 2002). The potential exists for biological survey and monitoring crews working with any aquatic species, or on other related activities including habitat enhancement and research, to transmit chytrid or other pathogens between frog populations if appropriate protocols are not used to clean field equipment and outerwear. Predation - Fishes: It is generally concluded that salmonid (native and non­ native) and centrarchid fishes in aquatic systems can preclude the presence of native frogs or significantly decrease reproductive success by feeding on young frogs and frog eggs (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1997; Xxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 2000a, 2000b), particularly where habitats have been altered or introduced fish species have become established. Both native and nonnative salmonids occur within habitats occupied by Xxxxxxx spotted frogs and under certain circumstances may pose a significant threat to their continued existence. Predation -Bullfrogs: Nonnative bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) are widely distributed in aquatic habitats throughout the Great Basin. No bullfrogs have been reported at spotted frog-inhabited sites in Nevada (Xxxxx 1973; Xxxxxxxxx 1982; Xxxxx and Xxxxxxxx 1986; Xxx xxxx. comm 2002; Hatch pers. comm 2002).
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Related to Disease and Predation

  • Waiver of Medical Coverage a. Regular, full-time employees who provide proof of alternate medical coverage may waive coverage through Kitsap County’s sponsored medical plans and for that waiver receive a one hundred dollar ($100.00) per month waiver-incentive payment; however, such payment is subject to employment taxes. Regular, full-time employees may not waive their individual medical coverage in lieu of coverage as a spouse/domestic partner on a County-sponsored medical plan.

  • Medical Coverage The Executive shall be entitled to such continuation of health care coverage as is required under, and in accordance with, applicable law or otherwise provided in accordance with the Company’s policies. The Executive shall be notified in writing of the Executive’s rights to continue such coverage after the termination of the Executive’s employment pursuant to this Section 3(d)(iv), provided that the Executive timely complies with the conditions to continue such coverage. The Executive understands and acknowledges that the Executive is responsible to make all payments required for any such continued health care coverage that the Executive may choose to receive.

  • Deadlines for Providing Insurance Documents after Renewal or Upon Request As set forth herein, certain insurance documents must be provided to the OGS Procurement Services contact identified in the Contract Award Notice after renewal or upon request. This requirement means that the Contractor shall provide the applicable insurance document to OGS as soon as possible but in no event later than the following time periods:  For certificates of insurance: 5 business days  For information on self-insurance or self-retention programs: 15 calendar days  For other requested documentation evidencing coverage: 15 calendar days  For additional insured and waiver of subrogation endorsements: 30 calendar days Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Contractor shall have promptly requested the insurance documents from its broker or insurer and shall have thereafter diligently taken all steps necessary to obtain such documents from its insurer and submit them to OGS, OGS shall extend the time period for a reasonable period under the circumstances, but in no event shall the extension exceed 30 calendar days.

  • Extended Health Care Coverage A) The Employer shall pay one hundred percent (100%) of the monthly premiums for extended health care coverage for regular employees and their eligible dependents (including common-law spouses) under the Pacific Blue Cross Plan, or any other plan mutually acceptable to the Union and the Employer (See also Appendix “I”). The plan benefits shall be expanded to include:

  • Serious Health Condition An illness, injury, impairment, or physical or mental condition which warrants the participation of a family member to provide care during a period of treatment or supervision and involves either inpatient care in a hospital, hospice or residential health care facility or continuing treatment or continuing supervision by a health care provider (e.g. physician or surgeon) as defined by state and federal law.

  • Proof of Compliance with Workers’ Compensation Coverage Requirements An XXXXX form is NOT acceptable proof of workers’ compensation coverage. In order to provide proof of compliance with the requirements of the Workers’ Compensation Law pertaining to workers’ compensation coverage, a contractor shall:

  • Infectious Disease Where an employee produces documentary evidence that:

  • Tuberculosis Examination The examination shall consist of an approved intradermal tuberculosis test, which, if positive, shall be followed by an X-ray of the lungs. Nothing in Sections 5163 to 5163.2, inclusive, shall prevent the governing body of any city or county, upon recommendation of the local health officer, from establishing a rule requiring a more extensive or more frequent examination than required by Section 5163 and this section. § 5163.2. Technician taking X-ray film; Interpretation of X-ray The X-ray film may be taken by a competent and qualified X-ray technician if the X-ray film is subsequently interpreted by a licensed physician and surgeon.

  • Examination of work before covering up In respect of the work which the Authority’s Engineer is entitled to examine, inspect, measure and/or test before it is covered up or put out of view or any part of the work is placed thereon, the Contractor shall give notice to the Authority’s Engineer whenever any such work is ready and before it is covered up. The Authority’s Engineer shall then either carry out the examination, inspection or testing without unreasonable delay, or promptly give notice to the Contractor that the Authority’s Engineer does not require to do so. Provided, however, that if any work is of a continuous nature where it is not possible or prudent to keep it uncovered or incomplete, the Contractor shall notify the schedule of carrying out such work to give sufficient opportunity, not being less than 3 (three) business days’ notice, to the Authority’s Engineer to conduct its inspection, measurement or test while the work is continuing. Provided further that in the event the Contractor receives no response from the Authority’s Engineer within a period of 3 (three) business days from the date on which the Contractor’s notice hereunder is delivered to the Authority’s Engineer, the Contractor shall be entitled to assume that the Authority’s Engineer would not undertake the said inspection.

  • Leave for Storm Or Hazardous Conditions It is the responsibility of the Nurse to make every reasonable effort to arrive at their work location as scheduled, however, during storm conditions, when such arrival is impossible, or delayed, all absent time will be deemed to be leave, and the Nurse has the option to:

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