DUTCH. COURTS Each of the Obligors irrevocably agrees for the benefit of each of the Agents, the Arrangers and the Banks that the competent courts of Amsterdam, The Netherlands shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine any suit, action or Proceeding, and to settle any Disputes and, for such purposes, irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts.
DUTCH. As native Dutch speakers, German native speakers made more errors under time pressure compared to no time pressure. Surprisingly, however, there were enhanced ERN amplitudes under time pressure, as compared to the control condition. It is possible that under time pressure participants had more difficulty inhibiting their dominant native language and experienced more intrusions from it. Hence, it is possible that at the time of response, there was not only the Dutch name of the picture active but also the German name, which made it more difficult for the monitor to verify which response was correct and which was erroneous. This, in turn, may have led to more response conflict and higher amplitudes of the ERN. In the following chapter, Chapter 4, the presence and relatedness of auditory distractors was manipulated to further investigate the effects of verbal manipulation on the ERN. The ERN is sensitive to the response conflict. However, there are no studies showing that the ERN can be affected by lexical retrieval conflict. Sensitivity of the ERN to the increase of lexical conflict might provide additional support for the hypothesis that verbal monitoring involves similar processes as non-verbal action monitoring. Participants were required to perform a phoneme-monitoring task with semantically related distractors, semantically unrelated ones, or in the absence of any distractors. Error rate was independent of distractors to a target picture. However, there was an increase in response latencies and amplitude of the ERN for semantically related relative to semantically unrelated distractors. Semantically related distractors presumably co-activate, through the spreading of activation, multiple concepts that are semantically related to one another competing for lexical selection. Hence, in the semantically related condition at the time of response there was more conflict between competing responses than in the semantically unrelated condition or in the absence of distractor words, thereby leading to larger ERN amplitudes. The verbal self-monitor needs to verify on-line whether the correct entry was chosen from the pool of competing items, which in turn leads to slower responses. In the unrelated condition, however, such verification might not be as relevant, since unrelated distractors do not lead to activation of related concepts, and therefore less competition may be present at the time of response. This finding was replicated and extended in the study descr...
DUTCH. “Motion to accept the Set Decorator report as presented.” Xxxxxxx seconded the motion. The motion was carried without opposition.
