Economic Integration. 1. This Agreement shall not prevent any of its Members from being a party to or entering into an agreement liberalizing trade in services between or among the parties to such an agreement, provided that such an agreement:
(a) has substantial sectoral coverage1, and
(b) provides for the absence or elimination of substantially all discrimination, in the sense of Article XVII, between or among the parties, in the sectors covered under subparagraph (a), through:
(i) elimination of existing discriminatory measures, and/or
(ii) prohibition of new or more discriminatory measures, either at the entry into force of that agreement or on the basis of a reasonable time-frame, except for measures permitted under Articles XI, XII, XIV and XIV bis.
2. In evaluating whether the conditions under paragraph 1(b) are met, consideration may be given to the relationship of the agreement to a wider process of economic integration or trade liberalization among the countries concerned.
(a) Where developing countries are parties to an agreement of the type referred to in paragraph 1, flexibility shall be provided for regarding the conditions set out in paragraph 1, particularly with reference to subparagraph (b) thereof, in accordance with the level of development of the countries concerned, both overall and in individual sectors and subsectors.
(b) Notwithstanding paragraph 6, in the case of an agreement of the type referred to in paragraph 1 involving only developing countries, more favourable treatment may be granted to juridical persons owned or controlled by natural persons of the parties to such an agreement.
4. Any agreement referred to in paragraph 1 shall be designed to facilitate trade between the parties to the agreement and shall not in respect of any Member outside the agreement raise the overall level of barriers to trade in services within the respective sectors or subsectors compared to the level applicable prior to such an agreement.
5. If, in the conclusion, enlargement or any significant modification of any agreement under paragraph 1, a Member intends to withdraw or modify a specific commitment inconsistently with the terms and conditions set out in its Schedule, it shall provide at least 90 days advance notice of such modification or withdrawal and the procedure set forth in paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of Article XXI shall apply.
6. A service supplier of any other Member that is a juridical person constituted under the laws of a party to an agreement referred to in p...
Economic Integration. 1. This Chapter shall not apply to advantages accorded by either Party by virtue of such Party’s membership in, or having entered into, an agreement liberalizing trade in services between or among the parties to such an agreement, provided that such an agreement: A. has substantial sectoral coverage,2 and B. provides for the absence or elimination of substantially all discrimination, in the sense of Article 7, between or among the parties, in the sectors covered under subparagraph (A), through:
i) elimination of existing discriminatory measures, and/or ii) prohibition of new or more discriminatory measures, either at the entry into force of that agreement or on the basis of a reasonable time- frame, except for measures permitted under Articles 1, 2, and 3 of Chapter VII.
2. A service supplier of any Party that is a juridical person constituted under the laws of a party to an agreement referred to in paragraph 1 shall be entitled to treatment granted under such agreement, provided that it engages in substantive business operations in the territory of the parties to such agreement. 2 This condition is understood in terms of number of sectors, volume of trade affected and modes of supply. In order to meet this condition, agreements should not provide for the a priori exclusion of any mode of supply.
Economic Integration. The BBIN-MVA would enable seamless sub-regional connectivity, deeper integration on economic issues and people-to-people contact between the four counties. It would permit unhindered movement of passenger and cargo vehicles among the four countries. Cargo vehicles do not have to be changed at the border, a practice that has prevailed until now. As per the agreement, member countries would allow vehicles registered in the other countries to enter their territory under certain terms and conditions. Customs and tariffs will be decided by the respective countries and these would be finalised at bilateral and trilateral forums.
Economic Integration. The Great Unknown On 12 May 2014 the Ministry of Economy announced the road map for accession to the Customs Union in 2015, which was approved by Customs Union members Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia later in the month. The road map contains a long list of issues that Kyrgyzstan must resolve in this period, for which Prime Minister Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx said the country needs USD 400 mil- lion to implement (RFE/RL 2014). Despite the govern- ment’s stated intention to join the Customs Union, it remains to be seen how and to what extent joining the Customs Union will affect the Republic. There are many rumours about the possible benefits and detriments to the country. In the view of some economists (Ülgen and Xxxxxx 2011), Kyrgyzstan must focus on increasing the volume of exportable goods and diversifying the sectors exporting goods. Apart from gold, the country’s agricul- ture and textile industries are driving exports, but these need greater support to make them internationally com- petitive. The textile industry, for example, provides an opportu- nity to see what accession to the Customs Union could mean for Kyrgyzstan. From 2002 to 2012 textile exports increased ten-fold. Cheap fabrics imported from China and Turkey are used to develop garments for export, mainly to Kazakhstan and Russia. Together with the simplified weight-based customs clearance protocol, this has allowed the textile industry to become an important contributor to the economy. However, with the planned accession of Kyrgyzstan to the Customs Union, this protocol would be changed to an external value-based tariff, which is more than the current rate. As Xxxxxx Xxxxxx (2014: 5) notes, »This would substantially increase the cost of apparel production in Kyrgyzstan and may result in Kyrgyz products becoming less competitive in [Customs Union] markets. Additionally, overall prices are expected to increase substantially after the country joins the Union. This would automatically increase the cost of labour and the unit cost of garment production.« The National Institute for Strategic Studies (NISS) also ex- amined a range of issues related to Kyrgyzstan’s poten- tial accession to the Customs Union, noting a series of opportunities and challenges. From their analysis, XXXX also concluded that prices could increase following ac- cession to the Customs Union. In addition, the lack of a modern infrastructure would further harm trade. How- ever, accession would allow labour migrants to move more freely i...
Economic Integration. The economic linkages or interdependencies between geographic areas. For the most part, these linkages relate to the flow of goods, services, capital and labour across regions. There may also be institutional and social consequences to greater economic integration in terms of convergence of social policy, and regulatory and institutional structures. – see ENT – see EPA - A group that combines the economic characteristics of a common market with some degree of harmonisation of monetary and fiscal policies. - Achieving lower average cost per unit through a larger scale of production.
Economic Integration. This Agreement shall not prevent any of its Members from being a party to or entering into an agreement liberalizing trade in services between or among the parties to such an agreement, provided that such an agreement:
Economic Integration. ◘ The Project increases supply of affordable housing located in a location that promotes housing economic integration as presented in the Project’s application and HTC Self- Scoring Worksheet.
