Common use of Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures Clause in Contracts

Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures. According to MCC Environmental Guidelines, the Electricity Distribution Project is currently classified as a “Category B” project because as currently envisioned, work is anticipated to proceed in existing alignments and utilize existing structures or poles. However, construction of overhead electrical power lines are considered “sensitive sector” projects under the MCC Environmental Guidelines. As a result, MCC will further review and adjust, as necessary, project classification (and any associated requirements, including with respect to the presence of any hazardous materials) after feasibility studies and project designs are concluded. MCC Funding will be used to conduct site-specific ESIAs, including environmental and social management plans, and RAPs during the project design phase. The results of the ESIAs and RAPs will form the basis of site-specific technical specifications for works contracts. Further, MCA-Benin II will establish guidelines, in form and substance satisfactory to MCC, to ensure appropriate measures for contracts involving laying cable. The Hazardous Waste Management Plan contemplated under the Electricity Generation Project also will contain any relevant provisions relating to the Electricity Distribution Activity. In addition, some Activities are planned to be carried out in sensitive locations which have received classification under the Ramsar Convention. Such Activities will be conducted in a manner consistent with the Government’s obligations under the Ramsar Convention. With respect to health and safety, the SBEE ESHSMSs will include expanded occupational health and safety policies, guidelines, and procedures. In the case of CEB, an environmental and social, health and safety management system will be prepared and specifically relating to those assets contemplated under this Compact (“CEB ESHSMS”).

Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures. According to the MCC Environmental Guidelines, the Electricity Distribution Generation Project is currently classified as a “Category B” project because as currently envisioned, work is anticipated project. A Category B classification indicates that this Project (and each of its Activities) presents potential environmental and social impacts. MCC requires several measures to proceed in existing alignments and utilize existing structures or polesmitigate the risks associated with the Project. However, construction For each of overhead electrical power lines are considered “sensitive sector” projects the Activities under the MCC Environmental Guidelines. As a resultElectricity Generation Project, MCC will further review and adjust, as necessary, project classification (and any associated requirements, including with respect to the presence of any hazardous materials) after feasibility studies and project designs are concluded. MCC Funding will be used to conduct site-site- specific ESIAs, including environmental audits and/or environmental and social impact assessments (which will include environmental and social management plans, ) and RAPs resettlement action plans during the project design phase. The results of those audits will form the basis of site-specific environmental and social impact assessments (“ESIAs”) and/or environmental and social management plans, as appropriate. The results of the ESIAs and RAPs resettlement action plans (“RAPs”) will form form, in part, the basis of site-specific technical specifications for works contracts. FurtherWith respect to the potential presence of hydrocarbon or PCB contamination, MCAa hazardous waste management plan will be required outlining appropriate removal, handling, storage and disposal, possibly outside of Benin, of oil-Benin II will establish guidelinescontaminated or PCB-contaminated soils and equipment, in form and substance satisfactory to MCC, to ensure appropriate measures for contracts involving laying cable. The other hazardous waste associated with implementation of the Thermal Generation Activity (“Hazardous Waste Management Plan contemplated Plan”). MCC Funding under the Electricity Hydroelectric Generation Project Activity also will contain any relevant provisions relating finance a hydrologic study to determine the Electricity Distribution Activityextent, if any, of impacts on the flow regime of the river from the existing plant and to provide recommendations on potential corrective measures (including habitat protection and restoration). In additionWith respect to resettlement, some Activities are planned the preparation of a resettlement policy framework is currently underway and is being designed to be carried out in sensitive locations which have received classification establish the principles of land and asset valuation and procedures for compensation pertaining to all activities under the Ramsar Conventionthis Compact (“Resettlement Policy Framework”). Such Activities This Resettlement Policy Framework will provide guidance for site- specific resettlement action plans that will be conducted in a manner consistent with required for each of the Government’s obligations under the Ramsar Conventionproject sites. With respect to health and safety, the SBEE ESHSMSs ESHSMS will include expanded occupational health and safety policies, guidelines, and procedures. In With respect to climate change, the case Parties are committed to assessing climate change risks and opportunities in connection with the Electricity Generation Project. A preliminary assessment of CEBgreenhouse gas emissions and carbon savings estimates was made as part of the feasibility study conducted for the Project, an environmental and social, health and safety management system a full evaluation will be prepared and specifically relating to those assets contemplated under this Compact (“CEB ESHSMS”)conducted in conjunction with the ESIAs.

Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures. According The Power Sector Reform Project does not involve any construction works, and it is not anticipated that the activities would result in any environmental, health or safety hazards. This includes the MIIA Activity, which does not directly invest in infrastructure. As such, the Power Sector Reform Project is classified as Category D following MCC Environmental Guidelines since it includes MIIA and shall require the establishment of an ESMS per Category D to ensure compliance with investments evaluated by MIIA. The bulk of the reform program, however, is mostly Category C per MCC’s Environmental Guidelines. Under Category C, MCC reserves the right to require specific environmental and social impact studies, reporting, or training where relevant or where positive environmental and social impacts may be enhanced. In accordance with MCC’s Environmental Guidelines, the Electricity Distribution Power Sector Reform Project is currently classified as a “Category B” project because as currently envisionedshall support for EGTC and EDSA the development of Environmental and Social Management Systems, work is anticipated to proceed in existing alignments capacity building, and utilize existing structures or poles. However, construction of overhead electrical power lines are considered “sensitive sector” projects under the MCC Environmental Guidelines. As a result, MCC will further review and adjust, as necessary, project classification (and any associated requirements, including with respect to the presence of any hazardous materials) after feasibility studies and project designs are concluded. MCC Funding will be used to conduct site-specific ESIAs, including internal environmental and social management plans, and RAPs during the project design phase. The results of the ESIAs and RAPs will form the basis of site-specific technical specifications for works contractsunits. Further, MCA-Benin II will establish guidelinesthe MIIA Activity presents opportunities to incorporate environmental and social assessment and criteria into the scope of work for the transaction advisor, including screening and scoping of potential investments for environmental and social risks per the IFC Performance Standards. The environmental assessments of such screening and scoping, in form addition to engineering studies, shall assist in derisking the IPP pipeline and substance satisfactory to MCC, to ensure appropriate measures for contracts involving laying cablefacilitate private investment. The Hazardous Waste Management Plan contemplated under the Electricity Generation Power Sector Reform Project also will contain any relevant provisions relating to the Electricity Distribution Activity. In additionshall relatedly support an improved enabling environment through legal, some Activities are planned to be carried out in sensitive locations which have received classification under the Ramsar Convention. Such Activities will be conducted in a manner consistent with the Government’s obligations under the Ramsar Convention. With respect to health and safety, the SBEE ESHSMSs will include expanded occupational health and safety policies, guidelinespolicy, and proceduresreform efforts to integrate renewable energy into national grids, enhance cost recovery in the energy sector, and improve the financial and regulatory capacity of key energy utilities. In The Cross-Cutting Capacity Activity’s focus on building the case of CEB, an environmental and socialutilities’ capacity to better manage environmental, health and safety management system will be prepared and specifically relating to those assets contemplated under this Compact (“CEB ESHSMSEHS”), resettlement and climate change risks associated with the functioning of the utilities. EHS procedures shall be built into the utilities’ systems to enable them to screen and manage risks such as occupational safety associated with maintenance and repair of the electrical grid. Among other things, the capacity of the utilities can be strengthened to enable Sierra Leone to meet its climate change objectives and integrate both climate resilience and GHG mitigation strategies into its core operations. As part of planning, capacity building may cover measures for improving climate resilience of the grid by mapping and assessing vulnerabilities, improving technical specifications, and providing training.

Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures. According The RCI Activity poses potentially significant environmental risks from upgrading of secondary roads and expansion of conduits into rural areas to MCC Environmental Guidelinesfacilitate marketing opportunity. This will require potential expansion of existing routes/paths and potentially installation of new linkage roads. For this reason, the Electricity Distribution AGC Project is currently classified categorized as a “Category B” project because A project. Operational impacts include significant social and environmental benefits. A pre-feasibility assessment is incorporating a Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment as currently envisionedpart of the criteria for selecting Corridors. Similar to other criteria such as engineering and economic, the environmental and social criteria under the Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment evaluates any environmental and social risks that may cause unacceptable impacts, lead to difficult to manage factors or cause significant delays to the implementation that may undermine the ability to perform construction along these Corridors within the Compact Term. This includes impacts on protected areas or key sensitive sites. These environmental factors are assessed considering the cumulative impacts of working on multiple Corridors. Additionally, the pre- feasibility study includes the development of a programmatic environmental assessment and management plan which is to serve as a planning tool to standardize management of key environmental and social construction-related risks across the corridors as well as a resettlement policy framework. These tools work to support consistency across the geographically spread corridors. Climate change risks have been considered and opportunities to integrate adaptation and mitigation opportunities have been identified in initial design. The designs are incorporating climate and updated hydrological modeling using future climate projections to build a robust safety margin into bridges, drainage, and road designs. The pre-feasibility work is anticipated also piloting a greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions calculator. The use of this will provide a baseline of emissions, evaluate material use and trade-offs using GHG emissions, and potentially use the social cost of carbon in the economic rate of return (“ERR”) for sensitivity analysis. Additionally, this provides a test case for GHG calculations to proceed be incorporated in existing alignments design decisions. Enhancing climate resilience, a higher risk to Malawi roads due to increased extreme weather and utilize existing structures or polesintense rainfall events projected into the future, is still the primary concern. HoweverClimate resilience will translate into the need for higher capacity drainage, construction raised bridges, and improved surfacing of overhead electrical power lines are considered “sensitive sector” projects under the MCC Environmental Guidelinesroads. As a result, MCC will further review and adjust, as necessary, project classification (and any associated requirements, including with respect to the presence of any hazardous materials) after feasibility studies and project designs are concluded. MCC Funding While nature-based solutions will be used evaluated, most of the climate resilience features will require construction designs requiring more concrete and rebar (e.g., higher emissions). To capture the tradeoff between lower construction costs and greater climate resiliency, the cost-benefit analysis (“CBA”) model incorporates climate-resilient benefits related to conduct site-specific ESIAs, including cost savings and reduced loss of road access following climatic events. The ESIA developed during detailed design will include an assessment of trafficking in persons risks on the AGC Project. Contractors will be required to develop and implement contractor environmental and social management plans, and RAPs during including counter-trafficking in persons recommendations. The resettlement action plan will ensure that all land provided for the project design phaseis compliant with IFC Performance Standard 5 and is consistent with reforms adopted in accordance with the Increased Land Productivity Project. The results PIR Activity is a Category C activity. While the reforms do not have environmental and social impacts, the implementation of the ESIAs and RAPs reforms could induce impacts. For that reason, MCC will form the basis of site-specific technical specifications for works contracts. Further, MCA-Benin II will establish guidelines, in form and substance satisfactory to MCC, to ensure appropriate measures for contracts involving laying cable. The Hazardous Waste Management Plan contemplated under the Electricity Generation Project also will contain any relevant provisions relating to the Electricity Distribution Activity. In addition, some Activities are planned to be carried out in sensitive locations which have received classification under the Ramsar Convention. Such Activities will be conducted in a manner consistent work with the Government’s obligations under the Ramsar Convention. With respect reform process to health evaluate potential environmental, social, resettlement, and safety, the SBEE ESHSMSs will include expanded occupational health and safety policies, guidelines, and proceduresrisks. In the case of CEB, an Efforts will be made to develop environmental and social, health social screening and safety management system will be prepared manage environmental/social risks into the reforms to limit induced impact and specifically relating to those assets contemplated under this Compact (“CEB ESHSMS”)enhance benefits.

Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures. According The Agriculture Project is categorized under MCC’s Environmental Guidelines as a Category B Project due to MCC Environmental Guidelinespotential site-specific environmental and social impacts anticipated to result from land use management decisions, the Electricity Distribution Project construction and operation of veterinary centers and rehabilitation of quarantine camps. The Livestock Market Efficiency Fund, which involves an intermediate funding facility, is currently classified categorized under MCC’s Environmental Guidelines as a “Category B” project because D Activity. The INP Activity is categorized under MCC’s Environmental Guidelines as currently envisioned, work is a Category A Activity due to potentially significant environmental impacts anticipated to proceed in existing alignments result from increased harvesting, utilization and utilize existing structures or poles. However, construction export of overhead electrical power lines are considered “sensitive sector” projects species listed for protection under the Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species (“CITES”). The Land Access and Management Activity will involve the development of EAs and EMPs to mitigate any adverse impacts. Participatory community-level decision making processes will further mitigate against adverse impacts. The Livestock Support Activity will involve an EA to analyze the environmental and social impacts of the veterinary centers, quarantine camps, and livestock marketing facilities and include the development of site-specific EMPs. The EMPs will define the regulations and specific training needed to govern the use of Restricted Use Pesticides and other substances in compliance with Namibia’s Environmental Management Act and MCC Environmental Guidelines. As a resultAny post-farmgate infrastructure built through the Livestock Market Efficiency Improvement sub-activity will involve the application of environmental screening and siting criteria and periodic audits of the performance of infrastructure funding recipients. The INP Activity will involve an EIA and an EMP to identify impacts and develop appropriate mitigation measures. These measures will address any potential environmental impacts that could result from the harvesting, MCC will further review utilization and adjust, as necessary, project classification (and any associated requirements, including with respect to export of species listed for protection under CITES. Any resettlement impacts resulting from the presence of any hazardous materials) after feasibility studies and project designs are concluded. MCC Funding Agriculture Project will be used identified and documented in compliance with OP 4.12. In particular, the Land Access and Management Activity will clarify procedures to conduct siteensure that community decision making regarding restricting access to land includes measures to mitigate adverse impacts on livelihoods. HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention plans will be developed under the Agriculture Project and implemented in relation to construction activities. Furthermore, trafficking in persons for livestock-specific ESIAs, related labor under the Livestock Support Activity will need to be addressed through the development and implementation of anti-trafficking measures. Gender integration plans will be developed to provide design recommendations and to ensure women’s participation throughout implementation for all Activities with a particular focus on including environmental women in land and social natural resources management plans, and RAPs during the project design phasedecision making. The results of Livestock Market Efficiency Fund and the ESIAs and RAPs INP Innovation Fund will form the basis of site-specific technical specifications for works contracts. Furthercomply with MCC’s Environmental Guidelines, MCA-Benin II will establish guidelines, in form and substance satisfactory to MCC, to ensure appropriate measures for contracts involving laying cable. The Hazardous Waste Management Plan contemplated under the Electricity Generation Project also will contain any relevant provisions relating to the Electricity Distribution Activity. In addition, some Activities are planned to be carried out in sensitive locations which have received classification under the Ramsar Convention. Such Activities whose terms will be conducted included in a manner consistent with the Government’s obligations under grants-making manuals. Increased demand for INPs is likely to provide significant income benefits to female-headed households and vulnerable groups such as the Ramsar Convention. With respect to health and safety, the SBEE ESHSMSs will include expanded occupational health and safety policies, guidelines, and procedures. In the case of CEB, an environmental and social, health and safety management system will be prepared and specifically relating to those assets contemplated under this Compact (“CEB ESHSMS”)San people.

Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures. According to MCC Environmental Guidelines, the Electricity Distribution The Roads and Access Project is currently classified as considered a “Category B” A project because as currently envisionedunder MCC’s Environmental Guidelines in that it has the potential to have significant adverse environmental or social impacts that are sensitive and diverse. The Improving Roads Activity poses environmental and social risks attributable to construction works targeting rehabilitation, work is anticipated upgrades, and maintenance of rural roads and ancillary infrastructure. The Activity also has the potential to proceed cause development impacts in existing alignments the surrounding areas that may vary by context and utilize existing structures or polesmay include the need for resettlement, impacts on natural and protected areas, and community health and safety. However, construction Compliance with MCC’s Environmental Guidelines shall be determined upon the completion of overhead electrical power lines are considered “sensitive sector” projects under the MCC Environmental Guidelines. As a result, MCC will further review and adjust, as necessary, project classification (and any associated requirements, including with respect to the presence of any hazardous materials) after feasibility studies that shall identify the scope of candidate roads, locations, and project designs are concludedinterventions. MCC Funding will It is expected that most risks can be used to conduct managed through the implementation of Project and site-specific ESIAsESIAs and ESMPs. MCC and MCA-Zambia II shall continue to consult with Zambian institutions (e.g., including the Department of Parks and Wildlife and the Department of Forestry) to identify additional due diligence needed to determine which candidate roads may trigger supplemental assessments to better understand the extent of risks and associated mitigation measures for proper management beyond the Compact Term. ESIA scoping reports shall be generated during the feasibility study stage to ensure that the Activity complies with the environmental and social management plansassessment requirements of the Zambian Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA). The Improving Access Activity’s anticipated risks are primarily associated with land acquisition, involuntary resettlement, and RAPs during the project design phase. The results of the ESIAs and RAPs will form the basis of site-specific technical specifications for works contracts. Further, MCA-Benin II will establish guidelines, in form and substance satisfactory to MCC, to ensure appropriate measures for contracts involving laying cable. The Hazardous Waste Management Plan contemplated under the Electricity Generation Project also will contain any relevant provisions relating to the Electricity Distribution Activity. In addition, some Activities are planned to be carried out in sensitive locations which have received classification under the Ramsar Convention. Such Activities will be conducted in a manner consistent with the Government’s obligations under the Ramsar Convention. With respect to health and safety, the SBEE ESHSMSs will include expanded occupational human health and safety policiesduring rehabilitation, guidelinesconstruction, and proceduresmaintenance of infrastructure components. In MCC and MCA-Zambia II shall identify and address potential induced impacts, which may include increased development risks to rural communities from improved access, such as the case exploitation of CEBnatural resources. As additional due diligence and feasibility studies are completed, an MCC and MCA-Zambia II shall work with ZEMA to identify and address risks and impacts through appropriately scaled ESMPs. The Strengthening Zambian National Road Management Activity is focused on policy and institutional reform (PIR) and technical assistance (TA). Opportunities shall be explored to provide TA and capacity building to several Zambian organizations since the long-term sustainable development of the roads sector shall require effective and functional environmental and social, health and safety management system will be prepared and specifically relating to those assets contemplated under this Compact (“CEB ESHSMS”)social management.

Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures. According The Tourism Project is categorized under MCC’s Environmental Guidelines as a Category A project due to potential site-specific environmental and social impacts in sensitive areas anticipated from the construction of management centers in fragile ecosystems and in an area that is the traditional homeland to vulnerable ethnic groups. Tourism activities supported by the independent fund established under the Conservancy Support Activity will be classified as a Category D Activity under MCC’s Environmental Guidelines. To ensure the environmental sustainability of the Tourism Project and mitigate any environmental and social impacts, an (EIA) and site-specific EMP will be developed for the construction and rehabilitation of management centers in ENP. EMPs will include actions to limit or mitigate impacts of construction on fragile ecosystems within ENP, ensure proper waste management, and prevent the spread of invasive species. HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention programs for ENP staff and construction contractors will also be developed and implemented. Any resettlement impacts resulting from the Tourism Project will be identified and documented in compliance with OP 4.12. MET will provide alternative housing for the indigenous San peoples at Government-funded official park employee housing sites or on lands transferred to the San prior to any eviction and/or demolition of their existing housing at Okakuejo. Transportation to the primary school at Ombika will be provided for the children of ENP staff living at Okakuejo. MCC Funding that supports grants to conservancies will comply with MCC’s Environmental Guidelines. Additionally, signed contracts between communal conservancies and investors will include benefits sharing and employment guarantees. Periodic and random audits of the performance of a subset of grant funding recipients will be conducted to ensure compliance with both MCC Environmental Guidelines and Namibian environmental requirements. Furthermore, targeted training to ensure that women and vulnerable groups have access to revenue-generating opportunities will be included as part of the overall Conservancy Support Activity. Disbursement of grant funds for wildlife relocation or joint venture activities on conservancy or national park lands and all activities supported by these funds shall comply with MCC’s Environmental Guidelines, whose terms shall also be included in any manual produced for the Electricity Distribution Project is currently classified as a “Category B” project because as currently envisioned, work is anticipated to proceed in existing alignments and utilize existing structures or poles. However, construction distribution of overhead electrical power lines are considered “sensitive sector” projects under the MCC Environmental Guidelines. As a result, MCC will further review and adjust, as necessary, project classification (and any associated requirements, including with respect to the presence of any hazardous materials) after feasibility studies and project designs are concluded. MCC Funding will be used to conduct site-specific ESIAs, including environmental and social management plans, and RAPs during the project design phase. The results of the ESIAs and RAPs will form the basis of site-specific technical specifications for works contracts. Further, MCA-Benin II will establish guidelines, in form and substance satisfactory to MCC, to ensure appropriate measures for contracts involving laying cable. The Hazardous Waste Management Plan contemplated under the Electricity Generation Project also will contain any relevant provisions relating to the Electricity Distribution Activity. In addition, some Activities are planned to be carried out in sensitive locations which have received classification under the Ramsar Convention. Such Activities will be conducted in a manner consistent with the Government’s obligations under the Ramsar Convention. With respect to health and safety, the SBEE ESHSMSs will include expanded occupational health and safety policies, guidelines, and procedures. In the case of CEB, an environmental and social, health and safety management system will be prepared and specifically relating to those assets contemplated under this Compact (“CEB ESHSMS”)such grant funds.