Common use of European Economic Area Clause in Contracts

European Economic Area. The Underwriters represent and agree that in relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “Relevant Member State”), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the “Relevant Implementation Date”), an offer to the public of any Securities which are the subject of this offering may not be made in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to such Securities that has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that , with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, an offer to the public in that Relevant Member State of any Securities may be made at any time:

European Economic Area. The Underwriters represent and agree that in relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “Relevant Member State”), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the “Relevant Implementation Date”), an offer to the public of any Securities which are the subject of this offering may not be made in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to such Securities that has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that that, with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, an offer to the public in that Relevant Member State of any Securities may be made at any time:

European Economic Area. The Underwriters represent Underwriter represents and agree agrees that in relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “Relevant Member State”), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the “Relevant Implementation Date”), an offer to the public of any Securities which are the subject of this offering may not be made in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to such Securities that has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that , with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, an offer to the public in that Relevant Member State of any Securities may be made at any time: