Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR Sample Clauses

Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR. Our approach is based on the consideration of FFR as an interference-limiting method. In [63], enhanced soft FFR is considered as a promising key technol- ogy to achieve large-scale cooperative radio resource management (LS-CRRM) in future 5G networks due to its interference controllability attribute. Motivated by it, we further consider the integration of D2D communications and apply a differentiated FFR scheme where D2D users will be assigned resources from a RB pool that its content depends on the DUEs’ location and the respective BSs to serve them [64]. A frequency reuse factor (FRF) of three is used for the cell-edge (outer) areas, as depicted in Figure 3.1. With this modelling, CUEs that are located in the inner cell areas can use part of the whole frequency band (i.e. F1 ), whereas outer cell CUEs can use one third of the remainder (F2, F3 or F4 ). The available RB pool for users located in inner region (NInner) is proportional to the interior-area radius and is twice the size of the pool corresponding to the cell-edge users (NOuter) [65]. However, the differentiation of this FFR scheme concerns the D2D communication links. Compared to the conventional soft FFR that is ap- plied for CUEs, if D2D UEs are located in cell inner region, they can utilize resources from the frequency sub-bands that cellular users do not use within the same cell (e.g. in Figure 3.1, a D2D link located in the inner region of cell 3 can be assigned resources only from sub-bands F2 and F3 ). On the other hand, if DUEs are located in a cell’s outer area, they can utilize resources from all avail- able spectrum except for the sub-band that can be exploited by cellular users in identical cell outer area (again, for a cell-edge D2D link in cell 3, the sub-bands F1, F2 and F3 would compose its available RB pool). With this interference-aware method, inner-region D2D and cellular trans- missions are happening in orthogonal channels. However, intra-cell interference still exists but can only be exerted from outer-cell DUEs and inner-cell CUEs (and vice versa) or multiple DUEs that might utilize the same resources. Re- xxxxxxx inter-cell interference, outer-cell D2D links can experience interference by adjacent outer-cell CUEs.
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