Planning Purposes 2 Clause Samples

Planning Purposes 2. 1.1. Water Resources Planning Water resources planning data requirements tend to be more general in nature than for flood management or for other purposes. Typically for water resources planning, sensors are required to be placed across an entire region, rather than at specific facilities or project locations. For example, rain gauges that aid in water resources management tend to be evenly distributed across all drainage basins in a region, whereas flood forecasting rain gauges tend to be centered on populated areas. For water resources planning, it is necessary to collect the following types of data. - Precipitation ■ ▫ ▫ ▫ - Evaporation ■ □ ▫ ▫ Water levels - Streams ■ □ ▫ ▫ - Lakes and Reservoirs ■ ▫ ▫ ▫ - Estuaries and Wetlands ■ □ ▫ ▫ Discharge/Flow - Streams ■ ▫ ▫ □ - Water level ■ ▫ ▫ ▫ - Flow Rates □ ▫ ▫ ▫ - Geologic Data and Well Logs □ ▫ □ □ - Domestic and Municipal Uses ▫ ■ ▫ ▫ - Agriculture and Irrigation Water Uses ▫ ■ ▫ ▫ - Industrial Uses ▫ ■ ▫ ▫ - Recreational Uses ▫ ■ ▫ ▫ - Environmental Uses ▫ ■ ▫ ▫ Sampling Surface Water - Streams Lakes and Reservoirs ▫ ▫ ■ ■ - Estuaries and Wetlands ▫ ▫ □ ■ - Oceans and Beaches ▫ ▫ □ ■ Sampling Groundwater ▫ ▫ ■ □ Sampling Precipitation ▫ ▫ ▫ ■ Note: ■ - Essential Water Resources Data Need □ - Supplementary Water Resources Data Need ▫ - n/a 2.4.1.1.1. Meteorological Data Needs Meteorological data is primarily collected to quantify the quantity of water supplies. For example, meteorological data can be used to calculate the quantity of rainfall across a region. Without hydrological data like rainfall, individuals would be unable to properly plan for future uses of water or adequately operate flood control facilities. Meteorological data can also be used to estimate the quantity of agricultural water demands. When agricultural pumping data are not available, which they usually are not, reasonable estimates of applied irrigation water is a function of evaporation, or more precisely evapotranspiration. Specific needs for meteorological data collection are provided below. 2.4.1.1.1.1. Precipitation The number of gauges required usually increases with the size and topographical complexity of a watershed. The ideal network consists of recording rain gauges, and is supplemented with standard or storage rain gauges. In general, precipitation gauges should be as uniformly distributed as possible. The following table outlines the recommended minimum rain gauge densities in order to measure the supply of precipita...