Common use of Policy and Legislation Clause in Contracts

Policy and Legislation. The Mountain Gorilla is a protected species in all its Range States, and so enforcement of existing legislation and provision of adequate staff and resources are essential, particularly in the face of lack of funds and inaccessibility. • Strengthen the provisions of the law and improve enforcement • Tourism must be adequately regulated to ensure it is sustainable, and that disturbance and threats to the gorillas are minimal. • Ensure that moneys generated from gorilla tourism are invested in local communities and in gorilla conservation. • Policies to ensure the sustainable use of all natural resources should be developed which should minimise damage to gorilla habitat. • Standards should be developed which minimise the opportunities for disease transmission from humans to gorillas, which could include a health education programme for local residents, good hygiene and waste disposal practice by researchers, tourists and officials in contact with gorillas. • Complementary policy and legislation in range states should be developed and transboundary agreements made and implemented. • All range States should be encouraged to participate in inter-governmental agreements such as the CBD, and with FAO. • Continue to develop and apply transboundary agreements concerning Mountain Gorilla preservation. Species and habitat protection Even though most Mountain Gorillas live within the boundaries of protected areas, there are a number of topics that need consideration to ensure adequate protection of Gorilla beringei beringei and its habitat. These include: • Ensure that there is no further encroachment of agriculture into national parks. • The effectiveness of protected areas should be strengthened and any ongoing illegal activities should be stopped. • Rebuild and mitigate damage caused in gorilla habitat as a result of conflict and war. • Species legislation in each country should be reviewed to ensure that adequate protection is provided. • Sufficient staff should be employed to ensure adequate protection from poaching and hunting, to regulate tourism and manage gorilla habitat. • Gorilla Action Survival Plans should be developed by all national authorities. Monitoring and research There are a number of areas that need further research in order to ensure effective and appropriate conservation management. These include: • Mountain Gorilla taxonomy needs to be clarified to ensure effective conservation and management of the species and subspecies. • The impact of selective logging, resource harvesting and agricultural encroachment in gorilla habitat should be assessed. • Continued monitoring of the population numbers and status should be ensured. • The impacts of tourism, including the risk of transfer of parasites and disease from humans to gorillas should be assessed. Public awareness and training • Community conservation projects and sustainable use projects in the management of gorilla habitat and gorilla tourism should be developed. • Developed countries and aid agencies should be encouraged to support conservation initiatives for the Mountain Gorilla.

Policy and Legislation. The Mountain Gorilla is a protected species in all its Range States, and so enforcement of existing legislation and provision of adequate staff and resources are is essential, particularly in the face of lack of funds and inaccessibility. Enforcement of existing legislation needs to be strengthened. • Strengthen the provisions Improvement of the law already existing legislation and improve enforcement of its enforcement. • Tourism must to be adequately regulated to ensure it is sustainable, and that disturbance and threats to the gorillas are minimal. • Ensure that moneys generated from gorilla tourism are invested in local communities and in gorilla conservation. • Policies to ensure the sustainable use of all natural resources should be developed which should minimise minimize damage to gorilla habitat. • Standards should to be developed which minimise in a way that minimizes the opportunities for disease transmission from humans to gorillas, which ; could include a health education programme for local residents, good hygiene and waste disposal practice by researchers, tourists and officials in contact with gorillas. • Complementary policy and legislation in range states should to be developed and transboundary agreements made and implemented. • Strengthen the capacity of ICCN, of the wildlife resources and hunting division (MECNEF), as well as of managers of community reserves and sanctuaries, to gradually sensitize and empower local communities and the general public to the survival of Mountain Gorillas. • All range States should to be encouraged to participate in inter-governmental intergovernmental agreements such as the CBD, and with FAO. • Continue to develop and apply transboundary agreements concerning Mountain Gorilla preservation. Species and habitat protection Even though most almost all Mountain Gorillas live within the boundaries of protected areas, there are a number of topics issues that need to be taken into consideration to ensure adequate protection of Gorilla beringei beringei and its habitat. These include: • Ensure that there is no further encroachment of agriculture into national parks. • The effectiveness of protected areas should to be strengthened and any ongoing illegal activities should be stopped. • Rebuild and mitigate damage caused in gorilla habitat as a result of conflict and war. • Species legislation in each country should to be reviewed to ensure that adequate protection is provided. • Sufficient staff should to be employed to ensure adequate protection from poaching and hunting, to regulate tourism and manage gorilla habitat. • Gorilla Action Survival Plans should to be developed by all national authorities. Monitoring and research There are a number of areas that need further research in order to ensure effective and appropriate conservation management. These include: • Mountain Gorilla taxonomy needs to be clarified to ensure effective conservation and management of the species and subspecies. • The impact of selective logging, resource harvesting resources and agricultural encroachment in gorilla habitat should be assessed. • Continued monitoring of the population numbers and status should be ensured. • The impacts of tourism, including the risk of transfer of parasites and disease from humans to gorillas should be assessed. • An invasive species eradication programme of exotic plants in the gorillas’ natural habitat should be set up. • The PNVA and implementation of correcting measures should be subject to continuous follow-up if appropriate. Public awareness and training • Community conservation projects and sustainable use projects in the management of gorilla habitat and gorilla tourism should be developed. • Developed countries and aid agencies should be encouraged to support conservation initiatives for the Mountain Gorilla. Community development • Contribution of measures of Mountain Gorilla preservation to economic development by reducing local human populations' poverty near the sanctuaries and reserves, in cooperation with the private sector and bilateral, multilateral partners. Community development projects will be promoted, especially road planning, school expansion, health centres and waterworks, water cisterns, fuel-efficient stoves and general support for alternative activities generating money. • Establish and reinforce existing micro-credit systems allowing in particular, fuel- efficient energy stoves to be promoted, agro-forestry to be developed, and local craftsmen's work, modern ways of beekeeping to be promoted. • Encourage the local communities to take part in the management of the reserves and sanctuaries with the support of the private forestry and mining sectors and of the internal and external development partners. • Develop progressively a “gorilla-centred” tourism respecting their health, security and tranquillity. • Setting up a health protection and a warning-and-quick response system to counter the epidemic, mores specifically Ebola type. • Analysis and promotion of cultural customs and traditions beneficial to gorilla preservation. • Translate the legal wordings for the preservation of gorillas into local languages. Long-term financing • Consider and put in place a long-term financing system allowing national and local NGOs involved in the preservation of the Mountain Gorillas and their habitats to be supported.

Policy and Legislation. The Mountain Gorilla is a protected species in all its three Range States, and so enforcement of existing legislation and provision of adequate staff and resources are is essential, particularly in the face of lack of funds and inaccessibility. • Strengthen the provisions Enforcement of the law and improve enforcement existing legislation needs to be strengthened. • Tourism must be adequately regulated to ensure it is sustainable, and that disturbance and threats to the gorillas are minimal. • Ensure It should be ensured that moneys generated from gorilla tourism are invested in local communities and in gorilla conservation. • Policies to ensure the sustainable use of all natural resources should be developed which should minimise damage to gorilla habitat. • Standards should be developed which minimise the opportunities for disease transmission from humans to gorillas, which could include a health education programme for local residents, good hygiene and waste disposal practice by researchers, tourists and officials in contact with gorillas. • Complementary policy and legislation in range states should be developed and transboundary agreements made and implemented. • All range States should be encouraged to participate in inter-governmental intergovernmental agreements such as the CBD, and with FAO. • Continue to develop and apply transboundary agreements concerning Mountain Gorilla preservation. Species and habitat protection Even though most Mountain Gorillas live within the boundaries of protected areas, there are a number of topics areas that need consideration to ensure adequate protection of Gorilla beringei gorilla beringei and its habitat. These include: • Ensure that there is no further encroachment of agriculture into national parks. • The effectiveness of protected areas should be strengthened and any ongoing illegal activities should be stopped. • Rebuild and mitigate damage caused in gorilla habitat as a result of conflict and war. • Species legislation in each country should be reviewed to ensure that adequate protection is providedprovided to the Mountain Gorillas. • Sufficient staff should be employed to ensure adequate protection from poaching and hunting, to regulate tourism and to manage gorilla habitat. • Gorilla Action Survival Plans should be developed by all national authorities. • Improve transboundary collaboration. • Create buffer zones around the Volcanoes National Park. • Elaborate a viable financing plan for the Volcanoes National Park. • Improve effectiveness and coordination of anti-poaching patrols (International and regional level) • Develop Volcanoes NP plan of operations. Monitoring and research There are a number of areas that need further research in order to ensure effective and appropriate conservation management. These include: • Mountain Gorilla taxonomy needs to be clarified to ensure effective conservation and management of the species and subspecies. • The impact of selective logging, resource harvesting and agricultural encroachment in gorilla habitat should be assessed. • Continued monitoring of the population numbers and status should be ensured. • The impacts of tourism, including the risk of transfer of parasites and disease from humans to gorillas should be assessed. • The carrying capacity of the gorilla’s habitats and the influence of climatic changes on it should be estimated. Public awareness and training • Community conservation projects and sustainable use projects in the management of gorilla habitat and gorilla tourism should to be developed. • Developed countries and aid agencies should to be encouraged to support conservation initiatives for the Mountain Gorilla. • Environment education programmes and public awareness to be improved. • Make films/documentaries on the preservation. • Organise meetings and debates in order to collaborate with the political and military authorities. • Create tombolas for social tourism promotion (allowing locals to visit gorillas at an affordable price) • Create a promotional season for gorillas. Community development • Contribution of measures of Mountain Gorilla preservation to economic development by reducing local populations’ poverty near the sanctuaries and reserves, in cooperation with the private sector and bilateral, multilateral partners. Community development projects will be promoted, especially road planning, school expansion, health centres and waterworks, and support for alternative activities generating money. • Establish a micro-credit system allowing the promotion in particular, of efficient energy stoves, the development of agro-forestry, and the promotion of local craftsmen's work and of modern ways of beekeeping. • Volcanoes National Park (VNP) environmental economy survey. • Encourage the local communities to take part in reserve and sanctuary management with the support of the private forest and mining sectors and of the partners of the internal and external development. • Progressively develop a “Gorillas” vision tourism, respecting their health and quiet. • Put a health protection system in place, and a quick response warning system to counter epidemics, and more especially the Ebola kind. • Create a health insurance fund for the human populations of the VNP surroundings. • Veterinary care support for the farms around VNP, intensive animal husbandry system support. • Garbage collection inside the park. • Analysis and promotion of cultural customs and traditions helping the gorilla’s preservation. • Translate the legal wordings for the preservation of gorillas into the local language (Kinyarwanda).

Policy and Legislation. The Mountain Gorilla mountain gorilla is a protected species in all its three Range States, and so enforcement of existing legislation and provision of adequate staff and resources are is essential, particularly in the face of lack of funds and inaccessibility. • Strengthen the provisions Enforcement of the law and improve enforcement existing legislation needs to be strengthened. • Tourism must be adequately regulated to ensure it is sustainable, and that disturbance and threats to the gorillas are minimal. • Ensure that moneys generated from gorilla tourism are invested in local communities and in gorilla conservation. • Policies to ensure the sustainable use of all natural resources should be developed which should minimise damage to gorilla habitat. • Standards should be developed which minimise the opportunities for disease transmission from humans to gorillas, which could include a health education programme for local residents, good hygiene and waste disposal practice by researchers, tourists and officials in contact with gorillas. • Complementary policy and legislation in range states should be developed and transboundary agreements made and implemented. • All range States should be encouraged to participate in inter-governmental intergovernmental agreements such as the CBD, and with FAO. • Continue to develop and apply transboundary agreements concerning Mountain Gorilla preservation. Species and habitat protection Even though most Mountain Gorillas mountain gorillas live within the boundaries of protected areas, there are a number of topics areas that need consideration to ensure adequate protection of Gorilla beringei gorilla beringei and its habitat. These include: • Ensure that there is no further encroachment of agriculture into national parks. • The effectiveness of protected areas should be strengthened and any ongoing illegal activities should be stopped. • Rebuild and mitigate damage caused in gorilla habitat as a result of conflict and war. • Species legislation in each country should be reviewed to ensure that adequate protection is providedprovided to the mountain gorillas. • Sufficient staff should be employed to ensure adequate protection from poaching and hunting, to regulate tourism and manage gorilla habitat. • Gorilla Action Survival Plans should be developed by all national authorities. • Improve transboundary collaboration. • Create buffer zones around the Volcanoes National Park. • Elaborate a viable financing plan for the Volcanoes National Park. • Improve the effectiveness and the coordination of the anti-poaching patrols (International and regional level) • Develop the Volcanoes NP plan of operations. Monitoring and research There are a number of areas that need further research in order to ensure effective and appropriate conservation management. These include: • Mountain Gorilla The taxonomy of the mountain gorilla needs to be clarified to ensure effective conservation and management of the species and subspecies. • The impact of selective logging, resource harvesting and agricultural encroachment in gorilla habitat should be assessed. • Continued monitoring of the population numbers and status should be ensured. • The impacts of tourism, including the risk of transfer of parasites and disease from humans to gorillas should be assessed. • The carrying capacity of the gorilla’s habitats and the influence of climatic changes on it should be estimated. Public awareness and training • Community conservation projects and sustainable use projects in the management of gorilla habitat and gorilla tourism should be developed. • Developed countries and aid agencies should be encouraged to support conservation initiatives for the Mountain Gorillamountain gorilla. • Environment education programmes and public awareness should be improved. • Make films/documentaries on the preservation. • Organise meetings and debates in order to collaborate with the political and military authorities. • Create tombola for social tourism promotion (allowing visiting gorillas at an affordable price) • Create a promotional season for gorillas. Communal development • Contribution of the measures of mountain gorilla preservation in the economic development of the country by reducing local populations’ poverty near the sanctuaries and reserves in cooperation with the private sector and bilateral, multilateral partners. Communal development projects will be promoted, especially, the road plannings, schools expansion, health and waterworks centres, and the support for alternative activities generating money. • Establish a micro-credit system allowing to promote in particular, efficient energy stoves, developing agro-forestry, promoting local craftsmen's work, promoting modern ways of beekeeping. • Volcanoes National Park (VNP) environmental economy survey. • Encourage the local communities to take part in reserve and sanctuary management with the support of the private forest and mining sectors and of the partners of the internal and external development. • Progressively develop a “Gorillas” vision tourism, respecting their health and quiet. • Put a health protection system in place, and a quick response warning system to counter epidemics, and more especially the Ebola kind. • Create a health insurance fund for the human populations of the VNP surroundings. • Veterinary care support for the farms around the VNP, intensive animal husbandry system support. • Garbage collection inside the park. • Analysis and promotions of cultural customs and traditions helping the gorilla’s preservation. • Translate the legal wordings for the preservation of gorillas into the local language (Kinyarwanda).

Policy and Legislation. The Mountain Gorilla mountain gorilla is a protected species in all its Range States, and so enforcement of existing legislation and provision of adequate staff and resources are essential, particularly in the face of lack of funds and inaccessibility. • Strengthen the provisions of the law and improve enforcement • Tourism must be adequately regulated to ensure it is sustainable, and that disturbance and threats to the gorillas are minimal. • Ensure that moneys generated from gorilla tourism are invested in local communities and in gorilla conservation. • Policies to ensure the sustainable use of all natural resources should be developed which should minimise damage to gorilla habitat. • Standards should be developed which minimise the opportunities for disease transmission from humans to gorillas, which could include a health education programme for local residents, good hygiene and waste disposal practice by researchers, tourists and officials in contact with gorillas. • Complementary policy and legislation in range states should be developed and transboundary agreements made and implemented. • All range States should be encouraged to participate in inter-governmental governemental agreements such as the CBD, and with FAO. • Continue to develop and apply transboundary agreements concerning Mountain Gorilla the mountain gorillas preservation. Species and habitat protection Even though most Mountain Gorillas mountain gorillas live within the boundaries of protected areas, there are a number of topics areas that need consideration to ensure adequate protection of Gorilla beringei beringei and its habitat. These include: • Ensure that there is no further encroachment of agriculture into national parks. • The effectiveness of protected areas should be strengthened and any ongoing illegal activities should be stopped. • Rebuild and mitigate damage caused in gorilla habitat as a result of conflict and war. • Species legislation in each country should be reviewed to ensure that adequate protection is providedprovided to the mountain gorillas. • Sufficient staff should be employed to ensure adequate protection from poaching and hunting, to regulate tourism and manage gorilla habitat. • Gorilla Action Survival Plans should be developed by all national authorities. Monitoring and research There are a number of areas that need further research in order to ensure effective and appropriate conservation management. These include: • Mountain Gorilla The taxonomy of the mountain gorilla needs to be clarified to ensure effective conservation and management of the species and subspecies. • The impact of selective logging, resource harvesting and agricultural encroachment in gorilla habitat should be assessed. • Continued monitoring of the population numbers and status should be ensured. • The impacts of tourism, including the risk of transfer of parasites and disease from humans to gorillas should be assessed. Public awareness and training • Community conservation projects and sustainable use projects in the management of gorilla habitat and gorilla tourism should be developed. • Developed countries and aid agencies should be encouraged to support conservation initiatives for the Mountain Gorilla.mountain gorilla. Communal development • Contribution of the measures of mountain gorillas preservation in the economic development of the country by reducing riparian populations’ poverty near the sanctuaries and reserves in cooperation with the private sector and bilateral/multilateral partners. Communal development projects will be promoted, especially, the road plannings, schools expansion, health and waterworks centres, and the support to alternate activities generating money. • Establish a micro-credit system promoting in particular, efficient energy stoves, developping agroforestry, promoting local craftsmans work, promoting modern ways of beekeeping. • National Park environmental economy survey. • Encourage the riparian communities to take part in reserve and sanctuary management with the support of the private forest and mining sectors and of the partners of the internal and external development. • Progressively develop a “Gorillas” vision tourism, respecting their health and tranquillity. • Put a health protection system in place, and a quick response warning system to counter epidemics, and more especially the Ebola kind. • Create a health insurance fund for the human populations in and around the Mgaghina and Bwindi Impenetrable National Parks. • Veterinary care support for the farms around the Maghina and Bwindi National Parks, intensive animal husbandry system support. • Analysis and promotions of cultural customs and traditions helping the gorilla’s preservation. • Translate the legal wordings for the preservation of gorillas into the local languages (Swahili, …). Long-term financing

Policy and Legislation. The Mountain Gorilla mountain gorilla is a protected species in all its Range States, and so enforcement of existing legislation and provision of adequate staff and resources are is essential, particularly in the face of lack of funds and inaccessibility. Enforcement of existing legislation needs to be strengthened. • Strengthen the provisions Improvement of the law already existing legislation and improve enforcement of its enforcement. • Tourism must be adequately regulated to ensure it is sustainable, and that disturbance and threats to the gorillas are minimal. • Ensure that moneys generated from gorilla tourism are invested in local communities and in gorilla conservation. • Policies to ensure the sustainable use of all natural resources should be developed which should minimise minimize damage to gorilla habitat. • Standards should be developed which minimise minimize the opportunities for disease transmission from humans to gorillas, which and could include a health education programme for local residents, good hygiene and waste disposal practice by researchers, tourists and officials in contact with gorillas. • Complementary policy and legislation in range states should be developed and transboundary agreements made and implemented. • Strengthen the capacity of ICCN, of the wildlife resources and hunting division (MECNEF), as well as of managers of community reserves and sanctuaries, to gradually sensitize and empower local communities and the general public to the survival of mountain gorillas. • All range States should be encouraged to participate in inter-governmental intergovernmental agreements such as the CBD, and with FAO. • Continue to develop and apply transboundary agreements concerning Mountain Gorilla preservation. Species and habitat protection Even though most Mountain Gorillas almost all mountain gorillas live within the boundaries of protected areas, there are a number of topics issues that need to be taken into consideration to ensure adequate protection of Gorilla beringei beringei and its habitat. These include: • Ensure that there is no further encroachment of agriculture into national parks. • The effectiveness of protected areas should be strengthened and any ongoing illegal activities should be stopped. • Rebuild and mitigate damage caused in gorilla habitat as a result of conflict and war. • Species legislation in each country should be reviewed to ensure that adequate protection is providedprovided to the mountain gorillas. • Sufficient staff should be employed to ensure adequate protection from poaching and hunting, to regulate tourism and manage gorilla habitat. • Gorilla Action Survival Plans should be developed by all national authorities. Monitoring and research There are a number of areas that need further research in order to ensure effective and appropriate conservation management. These include: • Mountain Gorilla The taxonomy of the mountain gorilla needs to be clarified to ensure effective conservation and management of the species and subspecies. • The impact of selective logging, resource harvesting resources and agricultural encroachment in gorilla habitat should be assessed. • Continued monitoring of the population numbers and status should be ensured. • The impacts of tourism, including the risk of transfer of parasites and disease from humans to gorillas should be assessed. • An invading species eradication programme of exotic plants in the natural habitat of the mountain gorillas should be set up. • A continuous follow-up of the PNVA and implementation of correcting measures if appropriate. Public awareness and training • Community conservation projects and sustainable use projects in the management of gorilla habitat and gorilla tourism should be developed. • Developed countries and aid agencies should be encouraged to support conservation initiatives for the Mountain Gorillamountain gorilla. Communal development • Contribution of the measures of mountain gorillas preservation in the economic development of the country by reducing local populations' poverty near the sanctuaries and reserves in cooperation with the private sector and bilateral, multilateral partners. Communal development projects will be promoted, especially, the road plannings, schools expansion, health and waterworks centres, water cisterns, fuel-efficient stoves and the support for alternative activities generating money. • Establish and reinforce existing micro-credit systems allowing to promote in particular, efficient energy stoves, developing agro-forestry, promoting local craftsmen's work, promoting modern ways of beekeeping. • Encourage the local communities in taking part in the management of the reserves and sanctuaries with the support of the private forestry and mining sectors and of the internal and external development partners. • Develop progressively a “Gorilla”-vision tourism respecting their health security and tranquillity. • Setting up a protection of the health and a warning-and-quick response system to counter the epidemic, mores specifically Ebola type. • Analysis and promotion of the cultural customs and traditions beneficials for the the preservation of gorillas. • Translate the legal wordings for the preservation of gorillas into the local language (Swahili, …). Long-term financing • Consider and put in place a long-term financing system allowing the national and local NGOs involved in the preservation of the mountain gorillas and their habitats to be supported.