Customary International Humanitarian Law. A Response to US Comments”, 89 Int’l Rev. Red Cross 473, (2007), p.482. Note that many treaties contain prohibitions against the use of nuclear weapons on specific vulnerable areas of the world; for example The 1959 Antarctic Treaty; 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere; 1967 Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco); 1971 Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof; cited in Xxxxxxx (1995-1996), pp.82-83. 471 Major Xxxxxx Xxxxx, “Xxx Xxxx or Xxx Xxxxxxx? Rule 45 of the ICRC Study on Customary International Humanitarian Law”, 198 Mil. L. Rev. 116 (2008), p.118. Article 8(2)(b)(iv) applies to harm to the natural environment. As stated above, the most authoritative interpretation of the term “natural environment” is that of the International Law Commission, which refers to the entirety of the natural environment of a given area as well as the usability of the environment. In the context of attacks during an armed conflict, the “natural environment’ is not limited to that part of the environment belonging to or under the control an opposing party to a conflict, but also covers damage to a party’s own territory.472
Customary International Humanitarian Law. A Response to US Comments”, 89 International Review of the Red Cross 473 (2007). Xxxxx, Xxx. “Preambles in Treaty Interpretation”, 164 University of Pennsylvania Law Review, (2016): 1281-1343. Xxxxxx, Xxxx. “The International Law of Environmental Warfare: Active and Passive Damage During Armed Conflict”, 38 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 145 (2005): 145-185. Xxxxxxx, Xxxxxx. “Precautionary Pulp: Pulp Xxxxx and the Evolving Dispute between International Tribunals over the Reach of the Precautionary Principle”, 38 Ecology Law Quarterly, 2 (2011).
Examples of Customary International Humanitarian Law in a sentence
Xxxx- Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxx (eds.), Customary International Humanitarian Law, (ICRC: Geneva, 2005) (“ICRC Study”), Rule 9: Definition of Civilian Objects, Commentary and State Practice (referring to numerous examples where the natural environment is cited under the heading of civilian objects).