Common use of Active Power - Frequency Response (DROOP) Clause in Contracts

Active Power - Frequency Response (DROOP). The Facility shall provide a primary frequency response with a frequency droop characteristic reacting to system frequency at the Point of Interconnection in both the overfrequency and underfrequency directions except as limited by the minimum and maximum available capacity and energy potential at the time of the event including XXXX state of charge. This response must be timely and sustained rather than injected for a short period and then withdrawn. For over-frequency events, response may include absorption through charging (as applicable under the terms of this Agreement). Seller shall provide minimum operational limits for each online resource and the Facility for primary frequency response. Frequency will be calculated over a period of time (e.g., three to six cycles, or other period as specified by Company), and filtered to take control action on the fundamental frequency component of the calculated signal. Calculated frequency may not be susceptible to spikes caused by phase jumps on the Company system. The active power-frequency control system, and overall response of the inverter-based resource (plant), must meet the following performance aspects (see figure below): The active power-frequency control system shall have an adjustable proportional droop characteristic with a default value of [4%] percent. The droop setting shall permit a setting from 0.1% to 10%. This setting shall be changed upon Company's written request as necessary for grid droop response coordination. The droop setting shall be tunable and may be specified during commissioning. The droop shall be a permanent value based on Pmax (maximum nominal active power output of the plant) and Pmin (typically 0 for an inverter based resource). This keeps the proportional droop constant across the full range of operation. The curve for an inverter-based XXXX may include the negative active power quadrant of this curve. The droop response must include the capability to respond in both the upward (underfrequency) and downward (overfrequency) directions. Frequency droop will be based on the difference between maximum nameplate active power output (Pmax) and zero output (Pmin) such that the [4%] percent droop line is always constant for a resource. Seller shall make commercially reasonable efforts to provide frequency response without a deadband, but in any case, not to exceed +/- 0.0166 Hz. If the active power-frequency control system has a deadband, it shall be a nonstep deadband that is adjustable between 0 Hz and the full frequency range of the droop characteristic with a default value not to exceed ± 0.036 Hz. (Nonstep deadband is where the change in active power output starts from zero deviation on either side of the deadband.) (Frequency deadband is the range of frequencies in which the unit does not change active power output.) Inverter-based resources may consider a small hysteresis characteristic where linear droop meets any deadband to reduce dithering of inverter output when operating near the edges of the deadband. The hysteresis range may not exceed ± 0.005 Hz on either side of the deadband. If measurement resolution is not sufficient to measure this frequency, hysteresis may not be used.

Active Power - Frequency Response (DROOP). The Facility shall provide a primary frequency response with a frequency droop characteristic reacting to system frequency at the Point of Interconnection in both the overfrequency and underfrequency directions except as limited by the minimum and maximum available capacity and energy potential at the time of the event including XXXX state of charge. This response must be timely and sustained rather than injected for a short period and then withdrawn. For over-frequency events, response may include absorption through charging (as applicable under the terms of this Agreement). Seller shall provide minimum operational limits for each online resource and the Facility for primary frequency response. Frequency will be calculated over a period of time (e.g., three to six cycles, or other period as specified by Company), and filtered to take control action on the fundamental frequency component of the calculated signal. Calculated frequency may not be susceptible to spikes caused by phase jumps on the Company system. The active power-frequency control system, and overall response of the inverter-based resource (plant), must meet the following performance aspects (see figure below): The active power-frequency control system shall have an adjustable proportional droop characteristic with a default value of [4%] percent. The droop setting shall permit a setting from 0.1% to 10%. This setting shall be changed upon Company's ’s written request as necessary for grid droop response coordination. The droop setting shall be tunable and may be specified during commissioning. The droop shall be a permanent value based on Pmax (maximum nominal active power output of the plant) and Pmin (typically 0 for an inverter based resource). This keeps the proportional droop constant across the full range of operation. The curve for an inverter-based XXXX may include the negative active power quadrant of this curve. The droop response must include the capability to respond in both the upward (underfrequency) and downward (overfrequency) directions. Frequency droop will be based on the difference between maximum nameplate active power output (Pmax) and zero output (Pmin) such that the [4%] percent droop line is always constant for a resource. Seller shall make commercially reasonable efforts to provide frequency response without a deadband, but in any case, not to exceed +/- 0.0166 Hz. If the active power-frequency control system has a deadband, it shall be a nonstep deadband that is adjustable between 0 Hz and the full frequency range of the droop characteristic with a default value not to exceed ± 0.036 Hz. (Nonstep deadband is where the change in active power output starts from zero deviation on either side of the deadband.) (Frequency deadband is the range of frequencies in which the unit does not change active power output.) Inverter-based resources may consider a small hysteresis characteristic where linear droop meets any deadband to reduce dithering of inverter output when operating near the edges of the deadband. The hysteresis range may not exceed ± 0.005 Hz on either side of the deadband. If measurement resolution is not sufficient to measure this frequency, hysteresis may not be used.

Active Power - Frequency Response (DROOP). The Facility shall provide a primary frequency response with a frequency droop characteristic reacting to system frequency at the Point of Interconnection in both the overfrequency and underfrequency directions except as limited by the minimum and maximum available capacity and energy potential at the time of the event including XXXX state of charge. This response must be timely and sustained rather than injected for a short period and then withdrawn. For over-frequency events, response may include absorption through charging (as applicable under the terms of this Agreement). Seller shall provide minimum operational limits for each online resource and the Facility for primary frequency response. Frequency will be calculated over a period of time (e.g., three to six cycles, or other period as specified by Company), and filtered to take control action on the fundamental frequency component of the calculated signal. Calculated frequency may not be susceptible to spikes caused by phase jumps on the Company system. The active power-frequency control system, and overall response of the inverter-based resource (plant), must meet the following performance aspects (see figure below): Droop Characteristic The active power-frequency control system shall have an adjustable proportional droop characteristic with a default value of [4%] percent% percent between the facility Minimum Load Capability and Demonstrated Firm Capacity. The droop setting shall permit a setting adjustment of from 0.12% to 10%. This setting shall be changed upon Company's written request as necessary for grid droop response coordination. The droop setting response shall be tunable and may be specified adjusted during commissioning. The droop shall be a permanent value based on Pmax (maximum nominal active power output of the plant) and Pmin (typically 0 for an inverter based resource). This keeps the plant)for a proportional droop constant across the full range of operation. Each generating unit speed-droop characteristic shall be properly set and tuned to achieve the desired Facility response in Net Electrical Energy Output as measured at the POI. There shall be no intentional deadband in the response. If any deadband is present it shall not exceed ±0.0166 Hz. The curve for an inverterdroop response shall provide 80-based XXXX may include the negative 100% of expected (proportional) active power quadrant output at the end of this curvea linear ramp change in frequency of 1% (0.6 Hz) over a 5 second period starting at the initial frequency deviation. 80% of the desired response has to be delivered within 10 seconds after disturbance, and full response must be deployed within an additional 20 seconds after an initial 10 seconds for a total response within 30 seconds after the disturbance. This response must be timely and sustained rather than injected for a short period and then withdrawn. When operating in parallel with the Company System, the Facility shall operate with its speed governor control in automatic operation. Notification of changes in the status of the speed/load governing controls must be provided to the Company System Operator immediately preferably through SCADA. Seller shall provide minimum operational limits for each online resource and the Facility for primary frequency response. The droop response must include the capability to respond in both the upward (underfrequency) and downward (overfrequency) directionsdirections as limited by equipment capability. Frequency droop will be based on the difference between maximum nameplate active power output (Pmax) (Maximum Available Capacity) and zero output (Pmin) such that the [4%] % percent droop line is always constant for a resource. Seller shall make commercially reasonable efforts to provide frequency response without a deadband, but in any case, not to exceed +/- 0.0166 resource (see figure below): Active Power - Frequency Control Characteristic Nominal System Frequency is 60.00 Hz. If The closed-loop dynamic response of the active power-frequency control system has a deadband, it shall be a nonstep deadband that is adjustable between 0 Hz and the full frequency range of the droop characteristic overall Facility, as measured at the POI must have the capability to meet or exceed the performance specified in below. Seller shall ensure that the models and parameters for the resources and control equipment are consistent with a default value not those provided during the IRS process and that any updates have been provided to exceed ± 0.036 Hz. (Nonstep deadband is where the change in active power output starts from zero deviation on either side of the deadbandCompany reflecting currently implemented settings and configuration.) (Frequency deadband is the range of frequencies in which the unit does not change active power output.) Inverter-based resources may consider a small hysteresis characteristic where linear droop meets any deadband to reduce dithering of inverter output when operating near the edges of the deadband. The hysteresis range may not exceed ± 0.005 Hz on either side of the deadband. If measurement resolution is not sufficient to measure this frequency, hysteresis may not be used.

Active Power - Frequency Response (DROOP). The Facility shall provide a primary frequency response with a frequency droop characteristic reacting to system frequency at the Point of Interconnection in both the overfrequency and underfrequency directions except as limited by the minimum and maximum available capacity and energy potential at the time of the event including XXXX state of charge. This response must be timely and sustained rather than injected for a short period and then withdrawn. For over-frequency events, response may include absorption through charging (as applicable under the terms of this Agreement). Seller Subscriber Organization shall provide minimum operational limits for each online resource and the Facility for primary frequency response. Frequency will be calculated over a period of time (e.g., three to six cycles, or other period as specified by Company), and filtered to take control action on the fundamental frequency component of the calculated signal. Calculated frequency may not be susceptible to spikes caused by phase jumps on the Company system. The active power-frequency control system, and overall response of the inverter-based resource (plant), must meet the following performance aspects (see figure below): The active power-frequency control system shall have an adjustable proportional droop characteristic with a default value of [4%] percent. The droop setting shall permit a setting from 0.1% to 10%. This setting shall be changed upon Company's written request as necessary for grid droop response coordination. The droop setting shall be tunable and may be specified during commissioning. The droop shall be a permanent value based on Pmax (maximum nominal active power output of the plant) and Pmin (typically 0 for an inverter based resource). This keeps the proportional droop constant across the full range of operation. The curve for an inverter-based XXXX may include the negative active power quadrant of this curve. The droop response must include the capability to respond in both the upward (underfrequency) and downward (overfrequency) directions. Frequency droop will be based on the difference between maximum nameplate active power output (Pmax) and zero output (Pmin) such that the [4%] percent droop line is always constant for a resource. Seller Subscriber Organization shall make commercially reasonable efforts to provide frequency response without a deadband, but in any case, not to exceed +/- 0.0166 Hz. If the active power-frequency control system has a deadband, it shall be a nonstep deadband that is adjustable between 0 Hz and the full frequency range of the droop characteristic with a default value not to exceed ± 0.036 Hz. (Nonstep deadband is where the change in active power output starts from zero deviation on either side of the deadband.) (Frequency deadband is the range of frequencies in which the unit does not change active power output.) Inverter-based resources may consider a small hysteresis characteristic where linear droop meets any deadband to reduce dithering of inverter output when operating near the edges of the deadband. The hysteresis range may not exceed ± 0.005 Hz on either side of the deadband. If measurement resolution is not sufficient to measure this frequency, hysteresis may not be used.