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Application of Real Option valuation Sample Clauses

Application of Real Option valuation. In this sector, we present examples to explain how the real options implement in the investment projects and how to help managers make right decisions. The following example is based on Xxx X.X Xxxx and Xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx (2004). It is a classic example of real option which is valuing a research and development (R & D) program. Managers in that company have to decide whether to invest in this program, using real option theory. This program is described in details as follows. The R&D program involves two stages investment which are R&D and commercial projects. As can be seen from figure 2.12, the first capital outlay is $15 million in current year and there is $50 million at the end of year one. In addition, there is another investment which is $1200 million (I2) at the end of year two. This company will get pay off from year three to year six and the expected cash flows of four years are CF3=$200 million, CF4=$500 million, CF5=$700 million, CF6=$200 million respectively. Compare outlays with potential revenues, it seems that this company has a low return on investment. However, developing new technology may open up the company’s future growth opportunities and enhance its competition power in the market. 500 200 200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 15 50 R & D Commercial Project 1200

Related to Application of Real Option valuation

  • Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Exercise In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

  • Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit a Xxxxxx’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

  • Notice of Exercise of Option This Option may be exercised by the ---------------------------- Optionee, or by the Optionee's administrators, executors or personal representatives, by a written notice (in substantially the form of the Notice of Exercise attached hereto as Schedule B) signed by the Optionee, or by such administrators, executors or personal representatives, and delivered or mailed to the Company as specified in Section 14 hereof to the attention of the President or such other officer as the Company may designate. Any such notice shall (a) specify the number of shares of Stock which the Optionee or the Optionee's administrators, executors or personal representatives, as the case may be, then elects to purchase hereunder, (b) contain such information as may be reasonably required pursuant to Section 12 hereof, and (c) be accompanied by (i) a certified or cashier's check payable to the Company in payment of the total Exercise Price applicable to such shares as provided herein, (ii) shares of Stock owned by the Optionee and duly endorsed or accompanied by stock transfer powers having a Fair Market Value equal to the total Exercise Price applicable to such shares purchased hereunder, or (iii) a certified or cashier's check accompanied by the number of shares of Stock whose Fair Market Value when added to the amount of the check equals the total Exercise Price applicable to such shares purchased hereunder. Upon receipt of any such notice and accompanying payment, and subject to the terms hereof, the Company agrees to issue to the Optionee or the Optionee's administrators, executors or personal representatives, as the case may be, stock certificates for the number of shares specified in such notice registered in the name of the person exercising this Option.

  • Default Not Exceeding 10% of Firm Units or Option Units If any Underwriter or Underwriters shall default in its or their obligations to purchase the Firm Units or the Option Units, if the Over-allotment Option is exercised, hereunder, and if the number of the Firm Units or Option Units with respect to which such default relates does not exceed in the aggregate 10% of the number of Firm Units or Option Units that all Underwriters have agreed to purchase hereunder, then such Firm Units or Option Units to which the default relates shall be purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters in proportion to their respective commitments hereunder.

  • Notice of Exercise; Payment (a) To the extent then exercisable, the Option may be exercised in whole or in part by written notice to the Company stating the number of Option Shares for which the Option is being exercised and the intended manner of payment. The date of such notice shall be the exercise date. Payment equal to the aggregate Option Price of the Option Shares being purchased pursuant to an exercise of the Option must be tendered in full with the notice of exercise to the Company in one or a combination of the following methods as specified by the Optionee in the notice of exercise: (i) cash in the form of currency or check or by wire transfer as directed by the Company, (ii) solely following an IPO in Shares otherwise being traded on an established securities market, through the surrender to the Company of Shares owned by the Optionee for at least six months as valued at their Fair Market Value on the date of exercise, (iii) through net exercise, using Shares to be acquired upon exercise of the Option, such Shares being valued at their Fair Market Value (which for such purpose shall have the meaning set forth in the Stockholders Agreement) on the date of exercise, or (iv) through such other form of consideration as is deemed acceptable by the Board. (b) As soon as practicable upon the Company’s receipt of the Optionee’s notice of exercise and payment, the Company shall direct the due issuance of the Option Shares so purchased. (c) As a further condition precedent to the exercise of this Option in whole or in part, the Optionee shall comply with all regulations and the requirements of any regulatory authority having control of, or supervision over, the issuance of the shares of common stock and in connection therewith shall execute any documents which the Board shall in its sole discretion deem necessary or advisable.

  • Default Exceeding 10% of Firm Units or Option Units In the event that the default addressed in Section 6.1 above relates to more than 10% of the Firm Units or Option Units, the Representative may in its discretion arrange for itself or for another party or parties to purchase such Firm Units or Option Units to which such default relates on the terms contained herein. If, within one (1) Business Day after such default relating to more than 10% of the Firm Units or Option Units, the Representative does not arrange for the purchase of such Firm Units or Option Units, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of one (1) Business Day within which to procure another party or parties satisfactory to the Company and the Representative to purchase said Firm Units or Option Units on such terms. In the event the Representative does not arrange for the purchase of the Firm Units or Option Units to which a default relates as provided in this Section 6, this Agreement may be terminated by the Company without liability on the part of the Company (except as provided in Sections 3.12 and 5 hereof) or the several Underwriters (except as provided in Section 5 hereof); provided, however, that if such default occurs with respect to the Option Units, this Agreement will not terminate as to the Firm Units; and provided further that nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of its liability, if any, to the other several Underwriters and to the Company for damages occasioned by its default hereunder.

  • Number of Shares Issuable upon Exercise From and after the Issue Date through and including the Expiration Date, the Holder hereof shall be entitled to receive, upon exercise of this Warrant in whole in accordance with the terms of subsection 1.2 or upon exercise of this Warrant in part in accordance with subsection 1.3, shares of Common Stock of the Company, subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 4.

  • Notices; Method of Exercising Repurchase Right, Etc (a) Unless the Company shall have theretofore called for redemption all of the outstanding Securities, the Company shall give to the Trustee, the Paying Agent and all Holders of Securities, in the manner provided in this Section 3.4, a notice containing the information required pursuant to the following provisions of this Section 3.4(a) (the "Company Notice") (i) on or before the 20th Business Day prior to the Repurchase Date or, in the event of a Fundamental Change arising from a Change of Control, the anticipated Effective Date (but in no event earlier than 45 days prior to the Repurchase Date or anticipated Effective Date, as the case may be), and (ii) within 15 Business Days after the Company knows or reasonably should know of the occurrence of a Fundamental Change that arises as a result of any Termination of Trading. Prior to or concurrently with the delivery of any Company Notice, the Company will issue a press release or publish such information on the Company's then existing website including the information required to be included in such Company Notice hereunder. The Company shall also deliver a copy of any Company Notice to the Trustee. At the request and expense of the Company on or before the fifth Business Day prior to the date on which the Company Notice is to be mailed, the Trustee shall provide the Company Notice to the Holders in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture. Each Company Notice shall state: (i) the Repurchase Date or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, as the case may be, (ii) the date by which the repurchase right must be exercised, (iii) the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, and whether the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, shall be paid by the Company in cash or by delivery of shares of Common Stock, or a specified combination thereof and the percentage of the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, that will be paid in shares of Common Stock (which indication shall be irrevocable, subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions set forth in Section 3.3), (iv) if the notice relates to the occurrence of a Fundamental Change, the events causing the Fundamental Change and the date of the Fundamental Change, (v) that Securities with respect to which a Holder gives a Repurchase Notice or Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice may be converted only if the Holder withdraws the Repurchase Notice or Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice as to such Securities in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, (vi) a description of the procedure that a Holder must follow to exercise a repurchase right, and the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, and accrued but unpaid interest (and Liquidated Damages), if any, to, but excluding, the Repurchase Date or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, as the case may be, (vii) that on the Repurchase Date or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, as the case may be, the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, and accrued but unpaid interest (and Liquidated Damages), if any, to, but excluding, the Repurchase Date or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, as the case may be, will become due and payable upon each such Security designated by the Holder to be repurchased, and that interest thereon shall cease to accrue on and after said date, (viii) the Conversion Price then in effect, (ix) the place or places that the Security certificate (including the Election of Holder to Require Repurchase attached thereto) and the Repurchase Notice (as defined below) shall be delivered, and, if the Security is a Restricted Security, the place or places that the Transfer Certificate in the form set forth in Exhibit C, required by Section 2.12 shall be delivered, (x) the name and address of the Paying Agent and Conversion Agent, and (xi) if the notice relates to a Fundamental Change, the estimated amount of any Make-Whole Premium and the respective percentages of such Make-Whole Premium that will be paid (as contemplated by Section 6.1(b)) in shares of Common Stock and in cash (which indication shall be irrevocable), subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1(c), in the event that a Holder should, in lieu of electing to have Securities repurchased on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, elect to convert such Securities during the Fundamental Change Conversion Period, and (xii) any other information to be included therein pursuant to Section 6.1. No failure of the Company to give the foregoing notices or defect therein shall limit any Holder's right to exercise a repurchase right or affect the validity of the proceedings for the repurchase of Securities. If any of the foregoing provisions or other provisions of this Article III are inconsistent with applicable law, such law shall govern. (b) To exercise a repurchase right pursuant to Section 3.1 or Section 3.2, a Holder shall deliver to the Paying Agent (i) written notice (in the case of a repurchase pursuant to Section 3.1, a "Repurchase Notice" and, in the case of a repurchase pursuant to Section 3.2, a "Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice") of the Holder's exercise of such right, which notice shall set forth the name of the Holder, the principal amount of the Securities to be repurchased (and, if any Security is to repurchased in part, the portion of the principal amount thereof to be repurchased (which portion must be in principal amounts of $1,000 or a whole multiple of $1,000) and the name of the Person in which the portion thereof to remain outstanding after such repurchase is to be registered), if certificated, the certificate numbers of the Securities to be repurchased, and a statement that an election to exercise the repurchase right pursuant to the terms and conditions specified in the Securities and the Indenture is being made thereby, and, in the event that any portion of the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, shall be paid in shares of Common Stock, the name or names (with addresses) in which the certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock shall be issued, and (ii) the Securities to which the Repurchase Notice or Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice relates at any time after delivery of the Repurchase Notice or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice, as the case may be (together with all necessary endorsements), at the offices of the Paying Agent, such delivery being a condition to receipt by the Holder of the Repurchase Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, thereof; provided, however, that such Repurchase Price or Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, as the case may be, shall be so paid pursuant to this Section 3.4(b) only if the Securities so delivered to the Paying Agent shall conform in all respects to the description thereof in the related Repurchase Notice or Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice. In the case of a repurchase right pursuant to Section 3.1 and Section 3.2, such delivery shall be at any time from the opening of business on the date that is 20 Business Days prior to the Repurchase Date until the close of business on the second Business Day prior to the Repurchase Date or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, as the case may be, subject to extension to comply with applicable law. Owners of beneficial interests in Global Securities shall provide a Repurchase Notice or Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in accordance with the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary.

  • Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant ADSs Upon Exercise In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Depositary to deliver to the Holder the Warrant ADSs in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(d)(i) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant ADS Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, ADSs to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant ADSs which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the ADSs so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant ADSs that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant ADSs for which such exercise was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of ADSs that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases ADSs having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of ADSs with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit a Xxxxxx’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver ADSs upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

  • Partial or No Exercise of the Over-allotment Option In the event the Over-allotment Option granted to the underwriters of the IPO is not exercised in full, the Subscriber acknowledges and agrees that it (or, if applicable, it and any transferees of Shares) shall forfeit any and all rights to such number of Shares (up to an aggregate of 750,000 Shares and pro rata based upon the percentage of the Over-allotment Option exercised) such that immediately following such forfeiture, the Subscriber (and all other initial stockholders prior to the IPO, if any) will own an aggregate number of Shares, not including Shares issuable upon exercise of any warrants or any Common Stock purchased by Subscriber in the IPO or in the aftermarket equal to 20% of the issued and outstanding Shares immediately following the IPO.