Critical Infrastructure vulnerability exemplified Sample Clauses

Critical Infrastructure vulnerability exemplified. In April 2007, the Baltic country of Estonia was attacked through numerous DDOS attacks on a large number of Estonian websites (ICT infrastructure). The attack was initially focused on political parties and the Estonian government, but within a short period of time Estonian news publishers were also hit and related websites were taken offline. Next on the attackers list was the Estonian banking industry. After several days of being attacked, at least one key financial institution in Estonia purposely shut down all its Internet- based activities and by doing so basically shut down most of its operations, leaving its customers with no way to transfer funds or use their credit cards (at least while abroad). After nearly a month of being attacked, and with no successful countermeasure, the Estonian government shut down all international Internet traffic going in and out of the country. They managed to stifle the attacks, but at huge costs for its businesses and industries. The example of the ‘Estonian Cyber War’ [182] is an example of attackers targeting CI and succeeding in exploiting vulnerabilities and interdependency of the various CI sectors. The attack on the Estonia’s banking industry, by attacking websites, is an example of how one CI (banking) heavily depends on others (e.g. ICT).
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Related to Critical Infrastructure vulnerability exemplified

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