Election of a group leader Sample Clauses

Election of a group leader. A key requirement is that all members of a group agree on the same group leader. A simple solution is that the group leader periodically broadcasts messages. These messages then serve as a proof, for nodes that are within reach of the group leader, that a group leader exists and operates properly. We can simply use the INIT message of GKA protocol to demonstrate the existence and the correct functioning of the group leader. When the other nodes in the network receive this INIT message each replies with an IREPLY message. Using these IREPLY messages, the group leader defines a group and sends to all members of the group an IGROUP message. The INIT message can be seen as an IGROUP message when the group is not yet defined. In the following we will only use the term IGROUP message. These IGROUP messages are sent periodically; depending on the dynamics of the group, the group leader will send a new IGROUP message or exactly the same message as before. If the net- work only comprises of the group leader, the latter will send periodically empty IGROUP messages. It will stop sending this message when a node joins its network by replying to its IGROUP message with an IREPLY message. The mechanism to elect a group leader simply follows from the property that, in a network with a group leader, periodic messages are broadcast by the group leader and are, in principle, received by the group members. If a node does not receive a message for a fixed period T, known a priori by the network nodes, this node sets a random timer. At the expiration of this timer and if no IGROUP message has been received meanwhile, the node becomes the group leader. It then sends an empty IGROUP message. There may be a collision on IGROUP messages if two nodes or more have selected the same value for their random timer. In such a case, there may be IGROUP messages generated by two (or more) group leaders. To select a group leader, we can use additional rules. The first rule is that when a group leader A receives an IGROUP message from a group leader B which has a smaller ID than its own ID, the group leader A just stops to send its periodic messages. The group members that will receive periodic messages from more than two group leaders will only consider the message issued by the group leader with the smallest index. Thus if an IGROUP message showing a larger ID than a previously received IGROUP message is received, then this message is simply discarded and no IREPLY message is issued. On th...
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