Exascale Computing Sample Clauses

Exascale Computing. We previously mentioned Xxxxx'x law. Xxxxx’x law states that the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years. This law formulated in 1965 not only proved to be true, but it also translated into the doubling of the computing capacity of cores every 24 months. This was possible not only by increasing the number of transistors but also by increasing the frequency at which they worked. However, we can say that in the last few years the end of this paradigm seems to have arrived. The reason is that the performance of a single core is no longer increasing at the same pace. There are three main reasons for this: caches between the processor and the main memory, increasing the sizes of these caches and adding more levels of caching. But memory bandwidth is still a problem that has not been solved. Nevertheless, computer technologists are also focussed on making exascale machines, but they cannot rely on increasing the performance of a single core as they used to. The workaround is that the number of cores and accelerators per chip and per node has grown fast in the recent years, along with the number of nodes in a cluster. This is pushing research into more complex memory hierarchies and network topologies. Once exascale machines are available, the challenge is to have applications that can make efficient use of them by scaling to these levels. The increase in complexity of the hardware is a challenge for scientific application developers because their codes must run efficiently on more complex hardware and address a higher level of parallelism at both shared and distributed memory levels. This is where co-design is essential, and where we have invested time to adjust and update our codes to run efficiently on these future archetectures. Co-design implies a mutual effort of hardware developers, system integrators, and application developers to build future compute platforms together with performant software that runs on them. Being a domain-science centric XxX covering a broad range of applications, we see our main contribution on the software side. We will mainly address two aspects namely, support and guidelines for code adaptation and porting (software co-design) and performance modelling for future simulations that can be used for the design of new hardware and systems (hardware co-design). For both aspects, we need reliable data, which we obtain by setting up a scalable CompBioMed benchmark suite. It will cover th...
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Related to Exascale Computing

  • Cloud Computing The National Institute for Standards and Technology defines cloud computing as a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. For more information see NIST Special Publication 800-145. Cloud Service Provider (CSP): A company or institution that offers some component of cloud computing to other businesses or individual, typically Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS) or Platform as a Service (PaaS), as defined by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. For more information see NIST Special Publication 800-145. Data Access Request (DAR): A request submitted to a Data Access Committee for a specific “consent group” specifying the data to which access is sought, the planned research use, and the names of collaborators and the IT Director. The DAR is signed by the PI requesting the data and her/his Institutional Signing Official. Requester Collaborators and project team members on a request must be from the same organization.

  • Gross Income Allocation If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.

  • Time Computation Saturday, Sunday and holidays recognized by this Agreement shall not be counted under the time procedures established in this Agreement.

  • Balance Computation Method For all dividend-bearing Accounts, dividends are calculated by the average daily balance method which applies a daily periodic rate to the average daily balance for the average daily balance calculation period. The average daily balance is determined by adding the full amount of the principal in Your Account for each day of the period and dividing that figure by the number of days in the period. Accrual on Noncash Deposits. For dividend-bearing Accounts, dividends will begin to accrue on the business day that You deposit noncash items (e.g. checks) into Your Account.

  • VALUATION SUPPORT AND COMPUTATION ACCOUNTING SERVICES BNY Mellon shall provide the following valuation support and computation accounting services for each Fund:  Journalize investment, capital share and income and expense activities;  Maintain individual ledgers for investment securities;  Maintain historical tax lots for each security;  Corporate action processing as more fully set forth in the SLDs;  Reconcile cash and investment balances of each Fund with the Fund’s custodian or other counterparties as applicable;  Provide a Fund’s investment adviser, as applicable, with the cash balance available for investment purposes at start-of-day and upon request, as agreed by the parties;  Calculate capital gains and losses;  Calculate daily distribution rate per share;  Determine net income;  Obtain security market quotes and currency exchange rates from pricing services approved by a Fund’s investment adviser, or if such quotes are unavailable, then obtain such prices from the Fund’s investment adviser, and in either case, calculate the market value of each Fund’s investments in accordance with the Fund's valuation policies or guidelines; provided, however, that BNY Mellon shall not under any circumstances be under a duty to independently price or value any of the Fund's investments, including securities lending related cash collateral investments (with the exception of the services provided hereunder to Funds utilized for such cash collateral investments), itself or to confirm or validate any information or valuation provided by the investment adviser or any other pricing source, nor shall BNY Mellon have any liability relating to inaccuracies or otherwise with respect to such information or valuations; notwithstanding the foregoing, BNY Mellon shall follow the established procedures and controls to identify exceptions, tolerance breaches, etc. and to research and resolve or escalate any pricing inaccuracies;  Application of the established automated price validation rules against prices received from third party vendors and review of exceptions as identified;  Calculate Net Asset Value in the manner specified in the Fund’s Offering Materials (which, for the service described herein, shall include the Fund’s Net Asset Value error policy);  Calculate Accumulated Unit Values (“AUV”) for select funds as mutually agreed upon between the parties;  Transmit or make available a copy of the daily portfolio valuation to a Fund’s investment adviser;  Calculate yields, portfolio dollar-weighted average maturity and dollar-weighted average life as applicable; and  Calculate portfolio turnover rate for inclusion in the annual and semi-annual shareholder reports.  For money market funds, obtain security market quotes and calculate the market-value Net Asset Value in accordance with the Fund’s valuation policies and guidelines at such times and frequencies as required by regulation and/or instruction from TRP.

  • Tax Accounting Services (1) Maintain accounting records for the investment portfolio of the Fund to support the tax reporting required for “regulated investment companies” under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). (2) Maintain tax lot detail for the Fund’s investment portfolio. (3) Calculate taxable gain/loss on security sales using the tax lot relief method designated by the Trust. (4) Provide the necessary financial information to calculate the taxable components of income and capital gains distributions to support tax reporting to the shareholders.

  • Calculation Any figure or percentage referred to in this Agreement shall be carried to seven decimal places.

  • Portfolio Accounting Services (1) Maintain portfolio records on a trade date+1 basis using security trade information communicated from the Fund’s investment adviser. (2) For each valuation date, obtain prices from a pricing source approved by the board of trustees of the Trust (the “Board of Trustees”) and apply those prices to the portfolio positions. For those securities where market quotations are not readily available, the Board of Trustees shall approve, in good faith, procedures for determining the fair value for such securities. (3) Identify interest and dividend accrual balances as of each valuation date and calculate gross earnings on investments for each accounting period. (4) Determine gain/loss on security sales and identify them as short-term or long-term; account for periodic distributions of gains or losses to shareholders and maintain undistributed gain or loss balances as of each valuation date. (5) On a daily basis, reconcile cash of the Fund with the Fund’s custodian. (6) Transmit a copy of the portfolio valuation to the Fund’s investment adviser daily. (7) Review the impact of current day’s activity on a per share basis, and review changes in market value.

  • Gross Revenue The Gross Revenue shall be inclusive of installation charges, late fees, sale proceeds of handsets (or any other terminal equipment etc.), revenue on account of interest, dividend, value added services, supplementary services, access or interconnection charges, roaming charges, revenue from permissible sharing of infrastructure and any other miscellaneous revenue, without any set-off for related item of expense, etc.

  • XXXXXX’S EXPENDITURES If any action or proceeding is commenced that would materially affect Xxxxxx’s interest in the Collateral or if Borrower fails to comply with any provision of this Agreement or any Related Documents, including but not limited to Borrower’s failure to discharge or pay when due any amounts Borrower is required to discharge or pay under this Agreement or any Related Documents, Lender on Borrower’s behalf may (but shall not be obligated to) take any action that Lender deems appropriate, including but not limited to discharging or paying all taxes, liens, security interests, encumbrances and other claims, at any time levied or placed on any Collateral and paying all costs for insuring, maintaining and preserving any Collateral. All such expenditures incurred or paid by Lender for such purposes will then bear interest at the rate charged under the Note from the date incurred or paid by Lender to the date of repayment by Xxxxxxxx. All such expenses will become a part of the Indebtedness and, at Lender’s option, will (A) be payable on demand; (B) be added to the balance of the Note and be apportioned among and be payable with any installment payments to become due during either (1) the term of any applicable insurance policy; or (2) the remaining term of the Note; or (C) be treated as a balloon payment which will be due and payable at the Note’s maturity.

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