HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF SOLID MINERALS EXPLOITATION IN NIGERIA Sample Clauses

HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF SOLID MINERALS EXPLOITATION IN NIGERIA. Mining can properly be said to be the oldest occupation in Nigeria after agriculture. From the famed “golden lands of Wangara”19 where gold mining thrived in the Hausa enclaves in the 19th Century to the skilled metallurgy of the Benin Kingdom20 dating back to the 15th Century up to the massive exploitation of coal as a live wire moving the wheels of the colonial government, solid minerals occupied a pride of place in the economic fabric of the nation. Some forms of mining activities took place before the advent of colonialism. Several indigenous communities were known to mine for domestic use minerals such as: salt, soda, potash or galena. This pedestrian exploitation of the vast potentials of the mineral endowment of the country received a fresh injection vide the policy of the colonial administration to maximally exploit raw materials for their home market and industries and in turn create local demand for foreign made goods. As has been aptly stated by Xxxxxxxxx Xxxx Xxxxxxx: From colonial times African countries ….. have been programmed and encouraged to specialize in the production of raw materials for export to the factories of the North. This was to enable Africans to earn the foreign exchange for the import of capital goods (machinery and equipment),drugs and other essential materials for meeting local needs…….. It made and still makes African countries produce what they do not consume and to consume what they do not produce.21 However, the evolution of solid minerals exploration and exploitation in Nigeria was not streamlined to make it amendable to a precise appreciation. Three periods are however discernable:
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