Options and Their Pricing Methods Sample Clauses

Options and Their Pricing Methods. Options have been known and traded for many centuries, and can be traced back to the 17th century [Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx and Malliaris 2001]. A standard option is a contract in which the seller grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a transaction with the seller to either buy or sell an underlying asset at a fixed price on or prior to a fixed date. The fixed price is called the strike price and the fixed date is called the expiration date. The seller grants this right in exchange for a certain amount of money, called the option price. An option is called the call option or put option depending on whether the buyer is purchasing the right to buy or sell the underlying asset. The simplest option is the European option [Xxxxxxx 2006], which can be exercised only on the expiration date. This differs from the American option [Xxxxxxx 2006], which can be exercised at any time during the contract lifetime. Both European and American options are called standard options. In the beginning of the 1980s, standard options became more widely understood and their trading volume increased dramatically. Financial institutions began to search for alternative forms of options, known as exotic options [Xxxxx 1998], to meet their new business needs. Among them, two types of options, multi-asset options and multi- exercise options, are particularly relevant to our research. Multi-asset options are the options written on at least two underlying assets [Xxxxx 1998]. These underlying assets can be stocks, bonds, currencies, and indices in either the same category or different markets. Several types of multi-asset options are worth mentioning, such as basket options, dual-strike options, rainbow options, paying the best and cash options, and quotient options. Table I provides a brief summary of these multi-asset options, and compares them to standard options and our proposed multi- keyword multi-click ad options (see Section 3) along the following seven dimensions: payoff function, underlying variable, exercise opportunity, early exercise opportunity, strike price and application area. The comparison indicates that our proposed ad op- tions are more complex than previous proposals. In Table I, it is worth emphasising basket options and dual-strike options. Basket options are those options whose payoff is determined by the weighted sum of underlying asset prices [Xxxxxxx 2006]. This structure can be extended to the keyword broad ACM Transactions on Intelligent Sy...
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Related to Options and Their Pricing Methods

  • Settlement and Recovery of Funding for Prior Years (a) The HSP acknowledges that settlement and recovery of Funding can occur up to 7 years after the provision of Funding. (b) Recognizing the transition of responsibilities from the MOHLTC to the LHIN, the HSP agrees that if the parties are directed in writing to do so by the MOHLTC, the LHIN will settle and recover funding provided by the MOHLTC to the HSP prior to the transition of the Funding for the Services to the LHIN, provided that such settlement and recovery occurs within 7 years of the provision of the funding by the MOHLTC. All such settlements and recoveries will be subject to the terms applicable to the original provision of Funding.

  • Assumptions Concerning Funding of LIBOR Loans Calculation of all amounts payable to a Lender under this Article shall be made as though such Lender had actually funded LIBOR Loans through the purchase of deposits in the relevant market bearing interest at the rate applicable to such LIBOR Loans in an amount equal to the amount of the LIBOR Loans and having a maturity comparable to the relevant Interest Period; provided, however, that each Lender may fund each of its LIBOR Loans in any manner it sees fit and the foregoing assumption shall be used only for calculation of amounts payable under this Article.

  • Price Schedule, Payment Terms and Billing, and Price Adjustments (a) Price Schedule: Price Schedule under this Contract is set forth in Exhibit B.

  • Assumptions Concerning Funding of Eurodollar Rate Loans Calculation of all amounts payable to a Lender under this Section 2.18 and under Section 2.19 shall be made as though such Lender had actually funded each of its relevant Eurodollar Rate Loans through the purchase of a Eurodollar deposit bearing interest at the rate obtained pursuant to clause (i) of the definition of Adjusted Eurodollar Rate in an amount equal to the amount of such Eurodollar Rate Loan and having a maturity comparable to the relevant Interest Period and through the transfer of such Eurodollar deposit from an offshore office of such Lender to a domestic office of such Lender in the United States of America; provided, however, each Lender may fund each of its Eurodollar Rate Loans in any manner it sees fit and the foregoing assumptions shall be utilized only for the purposes of calculating amounts payable under this Section 2.18 and under Section 2.19.

  • Pricing and Payments 5.1 In exchange for the Deliverables, the Supplier must invoice the Buyer for the charges in the Order Form. 5.2 All Charges: 5.2.1 exclude VAT, which is payable on provision of a valid VAT invoice; and 5.2.2 include all costs and expenses connected with the supply of Deliverables. 5.3 The Buyer must pay the Supplier the charges within 30 days of receipt by the Buyer of a valid, undisputed invoice, in cleared funds to the Supplier's account stated in the invoice or in the Order Form. 5.4 A Supplier invoice is only valid if it: 5.4.1 includes all appropriate references including the Purchase Order Number and other details reasonably requested by the Buyer; and 5.4.2 includes a detailed breakdown of Deliverables which have been delivered. 5.5 If there is a dispute between the Parties as to the amount invoiced, the Buyer shall pay the undisputed amount. The Supplier shall not suspend the provision of the Deliverables unless the Supplier is entitled to terminate the Contract for a failure to pay undisputed sums in accordance with clause 11.6. Any disputed amounts shall be resolved through the dispute resolution procedure detailed in clause 36. 5.6 The Buyer may retain or set-off payment of any amount owed to it by the Supplier under this Contract or any other agreement between the Supplier and the Buyer if notice and reasons are provided. 5.7 The Supplier must ensure that all Subcontractors are paid, in full, within 30 days of receipt of a valid, undisputed invoice. If this doesn't happen, the Buyer can publish the details of the late payment or non-payment.

  • Method of Selecting Types and Interest Periods for New Advances The Borrower shall select the Type of Advance and, in the case of each Eurodollar Advance, the Interest Period applicable thereto from time to time. The Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent irrevocable notice (a "Borrowing Notice") not later than 11:00 a.m. (Chicago time) on the Borrowing Date of each Floating Rate Advance and not later than 11:00 a.m. (Chicago time) three Business Days before the Borrowing Date for each Eurodollar Advance, specifying: (i) the Borrowing Date, which shall be a Business Day, of such Advance, (ii) the aggregate amount of such Advance, (iii) the Type of Advance selected, and (iv) in the case of each Eurodollar Advance, the Interest Period applicable thereto. Not later than noon (Chicago time) on each Borrowing Date, each Lender shall make available its Loan or Loans in funds immediately available in Chicago to the Administrative Agent at its address specified pursuant to Article XIII. The Administrative Agent will make the funds so received from the Lenders available to the Borrower at the Administrative Agent's aforesaid address.

  • Actions Concerning Mortgage Loans To the knowledge of the Seller, there are no actions, suits or proceedings before any court, administrative agency or arbitrator concerning any Mortgage Loan, Mortgagor or related Mortgaged Property that might adversely affect title to the Mortgaged Property or the validity or enforceability of the related Mortgage or that might materially and adversely affect the value of the Mortgaged Property as security for the Mortgage Loan or the use for which the premises were intended.

  • SETTLEMENT TERMS AND CONDITIONS Contour is willing to resolve the violations cited herein by entering into this Agreement and freely and voluntarily waives its right to a hearing under Banking Law Sections 44 and 598. Therefore, in consideration of the promises and covenants set forth herein, the Settling Parties agree, as follows: 1. Contour shall not: a. Under any name or designation conduct or transact business in this state at any physical location that has not been approved by the Superintendent; b. Under any name or designation conduct or transact business in this state through the use of any website or domain name that has not been approved by the Superintendent; c. Conduct or transact business under any name or designation other than that shown on its license or branch certificate; d. Assign mortgage loan originators to locations that are not licensed by the Superintendent; e. Engage in net branching or offer net branching opportunities in violation of the Department’s prohibition against net branching; f. Transfer or assign its mortgage banker license; g. Engage in conduct prohibited by Part 38 of the General Regulations. 2. Contour agrees to take all necessary steps to ensure its compliance with all applicable federal and state laws, regulations, supervisory requirements, and guidance letters relating to its mortgage business, including but not limited to: a. Complying with the requirements of Banking Law Articles 12-D and 12- E, Part 420 of the Superintendent’s Regulations, and Part 38 of the General Regulations; b. Assigning mortgage loan originators only to locations licensed by the Superintendent, and displaying the license for each mortgage loan originator working at such location; c. Providing the proper oversight and supervision of each individual who becomes employed by, or affiliated as an independent contractor of or consultant for, Contour; and d. Maintaining books and records in a manner that will enable the Superintendent to determine whether Contour is complying with all applicable federal and state laws, regulations, supervisory requirements, and guidance letters. 3. Contour agrees to develop a comprehensive operations manual governing its day-to-day operations, which shall, at a minimum, address the: a. Establishment of new business locations; b. Use of business names and designations; c. Activities and supervision of employees, independent contractors, and consultants; and d. Maintenance of books and records. 4. Contour agrees to develop a written compliance manual designed to ensure compliance with all applicable federal and state laws, regulations, supervisory requirements, and guidance letters. The manual shall, at a minimum, address: a. The designation of an individual responsible for monitoring compliance with all applicable laws, regulations, supervisory requirements, and guidance letters; b. Prohibited conduct as described by Section 38.7 of the General Regulations; c. The duties of an originating entity as described by Part 420 of the Superintendent’s Regulations; d. Reporting requirements as described by Part 420 of the Superintendent’s Regulations; e. Use of business names and designations, domain names, and websites; f. The duties and responsibilities of employees, independent contractors, and consultants; and g. A compliance training program for employees and independent contractors. 5. Within ninety (90) days from the effective date of this Agreement, Xxxxxxx agrees to submit drafts of its operations and compliance manuals to the Department. 6. Within one hundred twenty (120) days from the effective date of this Agreement, Xxxxxxx agrees to submit copies of its final operations and compliance manuals to the Department together with a letter from an authorized officer of Contour indicating his or her approval of said manuals. 7. Contour agrees that its mortgage banking activities will be subject to examinations semi-annually for a twenty-four-month period following the execution of this Agreement. 8. Contour agrees to pay a fine of $20,000. Contour further agrees that such payment will be made in immediately available funds in accordance with Department payment instructions.

  • Loss Mitigation and Consideration of Alternatives (i) For each Single Family Shared-Loss Loan in default or for which a default is reasonably foreseeable, the Assuming Institution shall undertake reasonable and customary loss mitigation efforts, in accordance with any of the following programs selected by Assuming Institution in its sole discretion, Exhibit 5 (FDIC Mortgage Loan Modification Program), the United States Treasury's Home Affordable Modification Program Guidelines or any other modification program approved by the United States Treasury Department, the Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other governmental agency (it being understood that the Assuming Institution can select different programs for the various Single Family Shared-Loss Loans) (such program chosen, the “Modification Guidelines”). After selecting the applicable Modification Guideline for each such Single Family Shared-Loss Loan, the Assuming Institution shall document its consideration of foreclosure, loan restructuring under the applicable Modification Guideline chosen, and short-sale (if short-sale is a viable option) alternatives and shall select the alternative the Assuming Institution believes, based on its estimated calculations, will result in the least Loss. If unemployment or underemployment is the primary cause for default or for which a default is reasonably foreseeable, the Assuming Institution may consider the borrower for a temporary forbearance plan which reduces the loan payment to an affordable level for at least six (6) months. (ii) Losses on Home Equity Loans shall be shared under the charge-off policies of the Assuming Institution’s Examination Criteria as if they were Single Family Shared-Loss Loans. (iii) Losses on Investor-Owned Residential Loans shall be treated as Restructured Loans, and with the consent of the Receiver can be restructured under terms separate from the Exhibit 5 standards. Please refer to Exhibits 2(a)(1)-(2) for guidance in Calculation of Loss for Restructured Loans. Losses on Investor-Owned Residential Loans will be treated as if they were Single Family Shared-Loss Loans. (iv) The Assuming Institution shall retain its loss calculations for the Shared Loss Loans and such calculations shall be provided to the Receiver upon request. For the avoidance of doubt and notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (x) the Assuming Institution is not required to modify or restructure any Shared-Loss Loan on more than one occasion and (y) the Assuming Institution is not required to consider any alternatives with respect to any Shared-Loss Loan in the process of foreclosure as of the Bank Closing if the Assuming Institution can document that a loan modification is not cost effective and shall be entitled to continue such foreclosure measures and recover the Foreclosure Loss as provided herein, and (z) the Assuming Institution shall have a transition period of up to 90 days after Bank Closing to implement the Modification Guidelines, during which time, the Assuming Institution may submit claims under such guidelines as may be in place at the Failed Bank.

  • Contract Provisions for Orders Utilizing Federal Funds Pursuant to Appendix II to 2 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 200, Contract Provisions for Non-Federal Entity Contracts Under Federal Awards, Orders funded with federal funds may have additional contractual requirements or certifications that must be satisfied at the time the Order is placed or upon delivery. These federal requirements may be proposed by Participating Entities in Participating Addenda and Purchasing Entities for incorporation in Orders placed under this Master Agreement.

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