PARTS PER MILLION. A unit of concentration. For example, air that contains 1 part per million formaldehyde contains
PARTS PER MILLION. A unit of concentration. For example, air that contains 1 part per million formaldehyde contains 1.2 milligrams formaldehyde in 1 million milliliters, i.e., 1,000 liters, of air. Also, water which contains 1 part per million lead contains 1 milligram lead in 1 million milligrams water, i.e., 1 kilogram, water. One part per million can be compared to one cent in ten thousand dollars. PASSIVE DETECTOR: A measuring device that functions without any energy input or ongoing attention from the user. For example, use of a passive radon detector to measure radon requires only that the detector be left in place for a specified time. PICOCURIE: A unit of amount used in measurement of radioactive substances. For example, five picocuries of radon are five trillionths of a xxxxx and are equivalent to 11 radioactive radon atoms decaying every minute. RADIOACTIVE: A term used to describe atoms that are unstable and break down or decay to form another kind of atom. For example, radium breaks down to form radon. In the process of decay some high-energy particles are emitted. The detection of these particles by special instruments indicates that a substance is radioactive. The high-energy particles and gamma rays are called radiation. REVERSE OSMOSIS: A technology used to purify water by removing the salts from water. Osmosis involves the diffusion of water from a dilute to a concentrated solution across a semi-permeable membrane that allows only the passage of water. In reverse osmosis, water is forced through a semi-permeable membrane from a concentrated solution to a stream of purified water. For example, in the desalination of seawater, reverse osmosis is used to separate the salts from the water generating drinking water and a residue of salts.
PARTS PER MILLION mandatory Euro IV quality of diesel.The critical information that the DHDS plant had the capability to produce Euro IV grade of Diesel was not informed to the Board while proposing DHT Project in August 2007. The estimated Net Present Value of the DHT project was (-) ` 2397.70 crore with a negative Internal Rate of Return.HPCL Board approved implementation of the project on 5 March 2009.The DHT project was commissioned in November 2013 and capitalized in June 2015 at a cost of ` 1969.59 crore. While the DHT project was underway, HPCL took up a separate project (October 2009) using isotherming technology for revamping the existing DHDS plant. The revamped plant would be capable of producing diesel having sulphur content lower than 10 ppm1 and at the same time maintain the Euro IV cetane number. The Committee of Functional Directors (CFD) approved (April 2011) the revamp project which was commissioned in July 2015 at a cost of ` 142.60 crore. The revamped DHDS plant had a capacity of
