Posttraumatic stress symptoms and expressed Sample Clauses

Posttraumatic stress symptoms and expressed emotion in carers of people with psychosis It was hypothesised that greater posttraumatic stress symptoms would be related to high expressed emotion in carers of people with psychosis, however the results failed to support the existence of such a relationship. Although there has been a lack of previous research in this area, the hypothesis was guided by the literature (e.g., Xxxx et al., 2006; Xxxx et al., 1998). The absence of a significant effect was surprising given that high EE has been conceptualised as an adaptive coping strategy and an attempt to reduce the perceived stressfulness of the caring role (Xxxxx et al., 2004). Furthermore, previous research has tended to report a positive association between high EE and distress in caregivers of people with psychosis (e.g., Xxxxxxx et al., 2006). More specifically, Xxxx and colleagues (1998) found that carers of people with psychosis with high EOI had higher scores on measures of intrusions and psychophysiological activation than carers with consistently low EOI levels. Previous research with carers of people with psychosis has also demonstrated strong positive relationships between high EE and the effect of stigma on family members (Xxxxxxxx et al., 2002), avoidant coping (Xxxxx et al., 2004), and self-blame (Xxxx & Xxxxxx, 1985; Xxxxxxx et al., 1998; Xxxxxxxx & Xxxxxxxx, 2004); with self-blame also implicated in the onset and maintenance of PTSD (Xxxxxx & Xxxxx, 2000). Furthermore, it was hypothesised that avoidance associated with overprotection may create conflict. Xxxx et al. (2006) found in a sample of parents of children with acute xxxxx, that parental-child conflict was associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms in parents. The failure to identify a relationship between high EE and posttraumatic stress in this sample of carers of people with psychosis may be explained by different factors. First, there are some differences between the current study and previous research supporting an association between high EE and posttraumatic stress symptoms. For example, Xxxx et al. (1998) combined items from a measure designed to measure general distress rather than using a scale designed to measure posttraumatic stress symptoms in particular, so it is possible that the results they obtained provide further evidence for the association between expressed emotion and distress, rather than expressed emotion and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Furthermore, most studies finding a relationship between high EE and...
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