Recommendations for Further Work. The model proposed in this report assesses the level of socio-economic vulnerability and enables comparison of socio-economic vulnerability between communities. The vulnerability is formulated as a semi-quantitative parameter, which rank the vulnerability on a relative scale. Future work could be to investigate ways to integrate this socio-economic model into a risk framework to produce absolute vulnerability numbers, i.e. numbers that quantify the degree of loss due to both direct and indirect losses within predefined space- and time-frames. This will make it easier to calibrate the models using historic loss data. A quantitative vulnerability analysis could be completed if the socio-economic model proposed in this paper were transferred to and combined with an existing quantitative vulnerability model, such as the one proposed by Xx et al. (2010). In addition, the list of indicators needs to be extended to include more physical indicators to account for the direct losses. In addition, it would be worthwhile to consider how societies respond to risks, why the response varies from one region to another, and how this analysis can be utilized together with the proposed socio-economic vulnerability model to provide a more thorough analysis. For example, Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxx’s paper on societal willingness to accept landslide risk (2008) identifies which factors most influence a community’s response to risk. They selected seven test regions, from all over the globe, and assessed the following; willingness to accept risk relative to willingness to pay for mitigation measures and willingness to alter the surrounding environment. They concluded that social and economic factors greatly influence a society’s level of risk aversion, which directly affects the type of response taken towards landslide risk. REFERENCES Xxxxxxxx, X. (2006): Measuring vulnerability to natural hazards: towards disaster resilient societies, United Nations University Press, 2006. Xxxxxxx, X.X. (2005): Indicators of disaster risk and risk management – main technical report, system of indicators for disaster risk management program, National University of Colombia - Manizales, Institute of Environmental Studies, Inter-American Development Bank, August 2005, xxxx://xxx.xxxxxxxxx.xxxx.xxx.xx/ProyectosEspeciales/bid2/ingles/informesfinales1.php Xxxxxxx, X. X., Xxxxxxx, X. X. and Xxxxxx, X. X. (2007). A disaster risk management performance index. Natural Hazards 41 (1): 1-20. Center for Interna...
Recommendations for Further Work. The study’s estimates of kiln contribution to concentration are based on calculations with an attempt to reconcile with spatial distribution. However, to refine these estimates, we aim to run spatial atmospheric chemistry models in the Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) modeling system. This framework will provide estimates of regional pollutant concentrations with respect to horizontal and vertical space. Another restricting factor in our analysis is the limited observational data. Estimated emission factors are based off observations of a few kilns, often in similar geographic areas; however, these emission factors are sensitive to production rates and fuel sources. Kilns in the study area of interest typically use coal exported from Northern India, which typically has a higher sulfur and carbon content than coal in other South Asian countries. This analysis uses aggregated observations from FCKs throughout South Asia, which may lead to an under- estimation of key emissions (Xxxxxxxxxx et al., 2012). Further, site-specific, observations are key to more precise estimations of morbidity effects and associated costs. It is recommended that further experimental and observational data collection is necessary for complete understanding of kiln dynamics. Finally, an expansion of this method, and the above described modeling studies, to an evaluation of suggested brick kiln improvements will better contextualize the proposed technological improvements for Dhaka area brick kilns. Policymakers and NGOs will benefit from an estimation of the decrease in morbidity and associated costs from these improvements. These improvements are necessary in the path forward to a cleaner, healthier Dhaka city.
Recommendations for Further Work. Although an optimal heat exchanger design was presented in Chapter 6 for a given set of system and economic parameters, a set of generalized curves would be preferable. The generalized curves would be useful for any set of economic and system parameters. Consequently the design of a shell and coil NCHE would no longer require simulations using the detailed model, but instead simple calculations and referencing of the generalized curves. As Xx. Xxxxx’x work progresses (1994), correlations may soon become available for forced and mixed convection heat transfer for flow over vertically oriented enclosed tubes. If and when the correlations become available, it would be advantageous to replace the crossflow correlation with Xxxxx’x work.
Recommendations for Further Work
