Sampling Design. The study design relied on probabilistic sample design for selection of households so as to ensure that every single household in the settlement area has a known and non-zero chance being selected into the survey sample. For the household survey, it is quite common to use circular systematic sampling (Systematic sampling is a probability sample selection method in which the sample is obtained by selecting every kth element of the population, where k=N/n, N is population and n is the sample size). The first sampling unit is selected randomly within the first k units of the list. This method for selection of households and the same has been followed in the present study.
Sampling Design. An appropriate and defensible sampling design should be used as the basis for data collection for use in compliance decisions. The choice of a sampling design depends on several factors including but not limited to, the decision to be made with the data, frequency of dredging, historical or known location of shoaling, historical or known volumes of materials dredged, and cost of sampling and analysis. Chapter 8 of both the Green Book and ITM, should be used for detailed guidance for developing the sampling strategy, however, the guidance provided in the ITM is more technically advanced and should be used as reference for preparing a sampling strategy. Plumb (1981) provides additional guidance on sample design.
Sampling Design. A Generalized Random-Tessellation Sampling (GRTS) survey design was recommended by Xxxxxxxx and Xxxxxx (2009) for monitoring habitat status and trend in the Columbia River Basin. The GRTS design was initially developed under the EPA’s Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program and is a probabilistic sampling design that has been shown to be advantageous for generating habitat condition parameters with known statistical characteristics. The CHaMP monitoring design follows a GRTS design with a 3 year rotating 1-to-1 split panel structure to distribute sampling effort in space and time, and has management tools for sampling design.
Implementing a GRTS survey design correctly is critical to producing a final dataset with known statistical characteristics requiring the implementation of strict procedures during the site evaluation and selection process. A GRTS Site Selection Protocol and Tool will be provided to each collaborator to support field crews with efficiently completing the process while strictly enforcing design requirements.
Sampling Design. The following provides an overview of the sampling effort that will be conducted. Detailed information on sampling procedures and methods are presented in Section B2. Sampling will begin with the collection of one tree bark composite sample from the sample location. A total of fifty tree bark composite samples will be collected. Following bark collection, one duff composite sample will be collected near each tree that was sampled for tree bark. A total of fifty duff composite samples will be collected. The requirements for field QC sample collection are discussed in Section B5.1.
Sampling Design. The population of this study was drawn from banking executives in South Africa. The unit of analysis is based on the organisations these executives work for, this includes the Big 6 banks in South Africa (Absa, Capitec, FNB, Nedbank, Standard Bank, Investec) and Fintech companies. The executives chosen were individuals with a specific knowledge or understanding of either the risks banks face and or innovation. The type of sampling being used was non-probability sampling; in particular, purposive sampling. These sampling methods were used because they were subjective, and the members selected conform to predetermined criteria where participants are deliberately chosen by the researcher (banking and Fintech executives).
Sampling Design. Sampling can be simply defined as selecting the segment of the population for investigation, it is a process of selecting a sample of units from a data set, so a researcher can measure the beliefs, characteristics and attitudes of these people, and use these to generalise similar beliefs and characteristics of a broader group.
Sampling Design. The sample design applied was unchanged from what was proposed in the feasibility study (D1.1) and delivered in D1.2 as a as a georeferenced vector file. The approach is summarised as follows. The selection of sample units was based on a stratified systematic and random sampling selection (two stage approach). The first stage was implemented by applying a 20 x 20 km grid over the overall area of the 1 xxxxx://xxxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxxxx.xx/web/cscda/dataset-details?articleId=394198 AOI. In a second stage, multiple sample units were randomly selected in sequence for each grid cell based on the 500 x 500 m sub-grid as illustrated in Figure 3; resulting with 338 segments selected. The spatial distribution of the sample units over the crop and non-crop strata are shown in Figure 4 However, a visual assessment of some of the selected segments was made during the feasibility study and showed that some crops were also sometimes present in the other areas stratum. Therefore, this assessment was conducted based on available imagery from Google Earth / Bing Maps over all segments to identify, from the overall samples, the segments without any crops present. This information was used to determine the number and location of the segment to be surveyed as an input to the contract for Upande Ltd. In total out of the overall sample of 338 segments, 259 segments were identified to contain field parcels and therefore were to be surveyed. The sampling design applied was unchanged from what was proposed in the feasibility study. No new sampling design was implemented for the second field campaign; the same sample units/segments drawn were used but only focussing on the three regions of Acholi, Teso and West Nile.
Sampling Design. The following section provides an overview of the sampling effort for game that will be conducted. Detailed information on sampling procedures and methods are presented in Section B2. Two game species (deer and elk), one animal for each, will be collected from area(s) within the OU3 site. If an elk cannot be collected within a two-week baiting period, then two deer may be collected. Muscle (flank and backstrap) tissue samples will be collected from each game animal and analyzed for LA. Measured LA concentrations in muscle tissue will be used to determine if human exposures to LA from ingestion of game have the potential to cause unacceptable health risks. Five other types of tissue will be also collected from the game animals, including liver, kidney, lung, diaphragm, and heart, to provide additional information on tissue burdens in game animals. Fish (trout) were collected from the Mill Pond as part of the implementation of the OU3 Phase V Part B SAP/QAPP (EPA 2012a). These fish are currently frozen in archive at the CDM Xxxxx field office in Libby. These fish will be sent to the analytical laboratory, filleted, and the fillet samples will be analyzed for LA. Measured LA concentrations in fillet tissue will be used to determine if human exposures to LA from ingestion of fish have the potential to cause unacceptable health risks.
Sampling Design. To begin monitoring effects of treatments, one 96 ft by 96 ft (0.212 acre) test plot within each field was selected. The two test plots, North and South, were each divided into sixteen, 24 ft by 24 ft (0.013 acre) subplots (see photo) to test four iterations of each of the treatments. In addition to the control, treatments for the North and South test plots were: biochar only, compost only, and a biochar and compost mix (mix). The recommended methods in “A Guide to Conducting Biochar Trials” by the International Biochar Initiative (pages 7-14) were used to design the layout of the subplots, and randomize the assignment of treatments to subplots (Major, 2009). Refer to Appendix 1 for the coordinates of the test plots, and the randomization values used to assign treatments to subplots. Table 2 indicates which treatments were assigned to the North and South subplots.
Sampling Design. The sample type was a purposive sample which were recorded previously and diagnosed according to the current diagnostic criteria for pelvic organs tumor enrolled in (MoH) from three Medical complex centers (AL Shifa, Rantisi specialist of pediatric hospital and EGH) in Gaza strip, numbering 120 patient from the date of the beginning of electronic archiving in MoH (May 2017) to beginning study data (March 2019).
