Structure of the complexes Sample Clauses

Structure of the complexes. The spontaneous electrostatic interaction leads to the formation of supramolecular assemblies whose structure is difficult to determine, although extensive studies have been undertaken with this aim (Desigaux, L. et al., 2007). A fairly uniform picture has emerged from different studies using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) where it has been found that pDNA complexes display a highly ordered lamellar structure or non-bilayer inverted hexagonal structure according to the co-lipid and the salt concentration used in the preparation (Xxxxxx, X.X. et al., 2003, Xxxxxxx, L. and X. Xxxxxxxx, 2006). The lamellar structure consists of aligned strands of helical pDNA sandwiched between bilayers of cationic lipid. However, when neutrally charged lipids such as DOPE are included a remarkable transition to the two-dimensional hexagonal phase occurs, where the buried apolar side chains of lipid extend outward from pDNA chain forming a uniform apolar coat around each strand of pDNA (Xxxxxxxxx, X. et al., 2004). The transition to hexagonal structure is enhanced in the presence of physiological salts as it has been shown that in water complexes exist in lamellar phase but when suspended in salt solution of physiological concentration, the system converts to the hexagonal phase (Labatmoleur, F. et al., 1996). The presence of salt or neutral lipids reduces the net charge density of the cationic bilayer and weakens electrostatic interaction between DNA and bilayer, which induces the order to disorder transition (Xxxxxx, X.X. et al., 2003). The hexagonal phase has been shown to possess higher transfection efficiency than the ordered lamellar phase as it facilitates nucleic acid release once inside the cells (Xxxxxxxxxx, X. et al., 2001, Xxxxxxxx, X.X. and X.X. Xxxxxx, 2007, Xxxxxxxx, D. et al., 2007). For siRNA, there are very few reports concerning interactions with cationic lipid and the resulting structures. Xxxxxxxx and colleagues (2007) reported the results of cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and SAXS experiments showing that self-assembled siRNA-lipidic complexes formed ordered lamellar domains with an even spacing.
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  • PROJECT 3.01. The Recipient declares its commitment to the objectives of the Project. To this end, the Recipient shall carry out the Project in accordance with the provisions of Article IV of the General Conditions.

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