WELDING. Welding shall be done in accordance with IS -816 a) Welding procedure shall be based on the specific analysis of any given heat of steel (based on the certified mill reports) and shall be subject to the review of the Institute/ Institute/ Committee/n-charge s. These procedures shall call for one or all of the following: i. Proper bead shape. ii. Minimized penetration to prevent dilution of the weld material with the alloy elements. iii. Pre-heating controlled inter-pass temperature and controlled head input. b) Welding will be done, only by qualified and tested welders specifically trained and experienced for the type of job to execute, to the complete satisfaction of the Institute/ Institute/ Committee/n- charge . c) Weld symbols to be adopted shall be as indicated on the drawings. d) Structural welding shall not commence until to be joined elements are bolted or tacked in intimate contact and adjusted to dimensions show with allowance for any weld shrinkage that is expected. Welding sequence shall be planned and controlled to minimize undue stress increase or undue distortions in retrained members. e) If copper wire spacers are used between two surfaces to be welded to reduce transverse stress in the weld, care shall be taken that it does not mix with the weld metal. f) Conclave bead shapes shall be avoided. Ratio of weld width to weld depth shall preferably vary from a maximum of 1 to 1 a maximum of 1.4 to 1. Width of weld=1 to 1.4 Depth of fusion g) Field welding shall not be permitted unless shown on the drawings or directed. h) Subsequent to fabrication, the overlapping or containing surfaces or other closed sections (such as tubular sections) which are inaccessible to be painting shall be seal welded. When the end of the tube is not automatically sealed by virtue of its connection by welding to another member, the end shall be properly and completely sealed. Before sealing, the inside of the tube shall be made dry and free from loose scale. i) All welded connections shall be inspected as per IS -822. Any type of crack or zone of incomplete fusion of penetrations revealed by the test shall not be acceptable j) Defective welds shall be replaced or repaired as decided by the Institute/ Committee/n-charge s, project manager. The repaired or replaced welds shall be tested using the same method as above. Additionally, when defective welds are found, the cause of the of the defective welding shall be determined and the contractor shall Institute immediate ...
