Additional roles of ephrins in immunity Sample Clauses

Additional roles of ephrins in immunity. In addition to the role that the eph/ephrin signalling pathway plays in lymphatic development and maintenance, it has more recently become implicated in other settings. The eph family of neuronal guidance molecules and their ligands, the ephrins, are the most abundant group of receptor tyrosine kinases in the mammalian genome. The role they play in embryogenesis and cancer pathology has been well established; however, they are now being implicated in inflammation and immunity. Expression of ephs and ephrins across cell types is varied, and signalling can occur either through the receptor (forward) or the ligand (reverse) (118). Eph/ephrin signalling most commonly results in changes in cell motility; either repulsion or adhesion of cells to guide in the organisation of cells in developing tissue, or during de novo growth such as in lymphangiogenesis (102). In addition to patterning responses, signalling via the eph/ephrin pathway can affect cell differentiation, proliferation and gene expression (118), further indicating a potential role in chronic inflammation. Enhanced expression of ephrin B2 has been found on the blood endothelium in areas of atherosclerotic plaque formation, where it was found to aid adhesion and transmigration of infiltrating monocytes which express the ephB4 receptor (119). Also, addition of immobilized ephrin B2 to monocytes in culture caused them to upregulate expression of chemokine (c-c motif) ligand (CCL) 21 (119). In fact, many leukocytes express ephrins, and have been found to modulate their expression in response to pro-inflammatory signals such as TNF-α (120). In particular, ephrin B2 has been demonstrated as a co- stimulatory molecule for T cells (121). In the study by Xx at al. ephrin B2 mRNA was found to be expressed in the white pulp of the spleen and the cortex of the thymus. At the protein level it was found to be expressed on the surface of T cells and monocytes, whereas its receptors were mainly found on T cells. T-cell stimulation could be induced using solid phase ephrin B2 and sub-optimal amounts of CD3. This led to the production of IFN-γ and enhanced cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T cells. Evidence was also provided for ephrin B2 localisation in the immunological synapse, linking it directly with T-cell co- stimulation (121).
Sample 1
AutoNDA by SimpleDocs

Related to Additional roles of ephrins in immunity

  • Limited Waiver of Sovereign Immunity Ex Contractu Contractor acknowledges and agrees that Owner is an agency or instrumentality of the State of Georgia, and as such is entitled to the protection of sovereign immunity. As set forth in Article I, Section II, Paragraph IX of the 1983 Georgia Constitution, sovereign immunity is waived “as to any action ex contractu for the breach of any written contract.” Contractor specifically acknowledges the constitutional and contractual requirements that written changes, modifications, and waivers to this Contract must be specifically executed by the Owner as set forth in the Contract Documents. Accordingly, Contractor specifically acknowledges the constitutional prohibitions against claims against Owner based solely upon oral statement, course of conduct, customs of the trade, quasi-contract, quantum meruit, or O.C.G.A § 13-4-4 (mutual departure from contract terms).

  • PROVISIONAL AGREEMENT RESULTING FROM INTERINSTITUTIONAL NEGOTIATIONS Subject: Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on a Pan- European Personal Pension Product (PEPP) (COM(2017)0343 – C8-0219/2017 – 2017/0143(COD)) The interinstitutional negotiations on the aforementioned proposal for a regulation have led to a compromise. In accordance with Rule 69f(4) of the Rules of Procedure, the provisional agreement, reproduced below, is submitted as a whole to the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs for decision by way of a single vote. AG\1177088EN.docx PE634.848v01-00 EN United in diversity EN REGULATION (EU) 2019/... OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of ... on a pan-European Personal Pension Product (PEPP) (Text with EEA relevance) THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 114 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments, Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee1, Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure2,

  • Vendor Logo (Supplemental Vendor Information Only) No response Optional. If Vendor desires that their logo be displayed on their public TIPS profile for TIPS and TIPS Member viewing, Vendor may upload that logo at this location. These supplemental documents shall not be considered part of the TIPS Contract. Rather, they are Vendor Supplemental Information for marketing and informational purposes only. Bid Attributes Disadvantaged/Minority/Women Business & Federal HUBZone Some participating public entities are required to seek Disadvantaged/Minority/Women Business & Federal HUBZone ("D/M/WBE/Federal HUBZone") vendors. Does Vendor certify that their entity is a D/M/WBE/Federal HUBZone vendor? If you respond "Yes," you must upload current certification proof in the appropriate "Response Attachments" location. NO Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) Some participating public entities are required to seek Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) vendors as defined by the Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts Statewide HUB Program. Does Vendor certify that their entity is a HUB vendor? If you respond "Yes," you must upload current certification proof in the appropriate "Response Attachments" location. No National Coverage Can the Vendor provide its proposed goods and services to all 50 US States? Yes

  • Modified Indemnity Where Agreement Involves Design Professional Services Notwithstanding the forgoing, if the services provided under this Agreement are design professional services, as defined by California Civil Code section 2782.8, as may be amended from time to time, the defense and indemnity obligation under Section 1, above, shall be limited to the extent required by California Civil Code section 2782.8.

  • Emergency Action on Imports of Particular Products Where any product is being imported in such increased quantities and under such conditions as to cause, or threaten to cause:

  • XXXXX-XXXXX AND RELATED ACT PROVISIONS This section is applicable to all Federal-aid construction projects exceeding $2,000 and to all related subcontracts and lower-tier subcontracts (regardless of subcontract size). The requirements apply to all projects located within the right-of- way of a roadway that is functionally classified as Federal-aid highway. This excludes roadways functionally classified as local roads or rural minor collectors, which are exempt. Contracting agencies may elect to apply these requirements to other projects. The following provisions are from the U.S. Department of Labor regulations in 29 CFR 5.5 “Contract provisions and related matters” with minor revisions to conform to the FHWA- 1273 format and FHWA program requirements.

  • CERTIFICATION PROHIBITING DISCRIMINATION AGAINST FIREARM AND AMMUNITION INDUSTRIES (Texas law as of September 1, 2021) By submitting a proposal to this Solicitation, you certify that you agree, when it is applicable, to the following required by Texas law as of September 1, 2021: If (a) company is not a sole proprietorship; (b) company has at least ten (10) full-time employees; (c) this contract has a value of at least $100,000 that is paid wholly or partly from public funds; (d) the contract is not excepted under Tex. Gov’t Code § 2274.003 of SB 19 (87th leg.); and (e) governmental entity has determined that company is not a sole-source provider or governmental entity has not received any bids from a company that is able to provide this written verification, the following certification shall apply; otherwise, this certification is not required. Pursuant to Tex. Gov’t Code Ch. 2274 of SB 19 (87th session), the company hereby certifies and verifies that the company, or association, corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, or limited liability company, including a wholly owned subsidiary, majority-owned subsidiary parent company, or affiliate of these entities or associations, that exists to make a profit, does not have a practice, policy, guidance, or directive that discriminates against a firearm entity or firearm trade association and will not discriminate during the term of this contract against a firearm entity or firearm trade association. For purposes of this contract, “discriminate against a firearm entity or firearm trade association” shall mean, with respect to the entity or association, to: “(1) refuse to engage in the trade of any goods or services with the entity or association based solely on its status as a firearm entity or firearm trade association; (2) refrain from continuing an existing business relationship with the entity or association based solely on its status as a firearm entity or firearm trade association; or (3) terminate an existing business relationship with the entity or association based solely on its status as a firearm entity or firearm trade association. See Tex. Gov’t Code § 2274.001(3) of SB 19. “Discrimination against a firearm entity or firearm trade association” does not include: “(1) the established policies of a merchant, retail seller, or platform that restrict or prohibit the listing or selling of ammunition, firearms, or firearm accessories; and (2) a company’s refusal to engage in the trade of any goods or services, decision to refrain from continuing an existing business relationship, or decision to terminate an existing business relationship to comply with federal, state, or local law, policy, or regulations or a directive by a regulatory agency, or for any traditional business reason that is specific to the customer or potential customer and not based solely on an entity’s or association’s status as a firearm entity or firearm trade association.” See Tex. Gov’t Code § 2274.001(3) of SB 19.

  • Supplemental Vendor Information Only) No response Optional. If Vendor desires that their logo be displayed on their public TIPS profile for TIPS and TIPS Member viewing, Vendor may upload that logo at this location. These supplemental documents shall not be considered part of the TIPS Contract. Rather, they are Vendor Supplemental Information for marketing and informational purposes only. Signature Form.pdf

  • CFR Part 200 or Federal Provision - Xxxx Anti-Lobbying Amendment - Continued If you answered "No, Vendor does not certify - Lobbying to Report" to the above attribute question, you must download, read, execute, and upload the attachment entitled "Disclosure of Lobbying Activities - Standard Form - LLL", as instructed, to report the lobbying activities you performed or paid others to perform. 2 CFR Part 200 or Federal Provision - Federal Rule Compliance with all applicable standards, orders, or requirements issued under section 306 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 1857(h)), section 508 of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1368), Executive Order 11738, and Environmental Protection Agency regulations (40 CFR part 15). (Contracts, subcontracts, and subgrants of amounts in excess of $100,000) Pursuant to the above, when federal funds are expended by ESC Region 8 and TIPS Members, ESC Region 8 and TIPS Members requires the proposer certify that in performance of the contracts, subcontracts, and subgrants of amounts in excess of $250,000, the vendor will be in compliance with all applicable standards, orders, or requirements issued under section 306 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 1857(h)), section 508 of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1368), Executive Order 11738, and Environmental Protection Agency regulations (40 CFR part 15). Does vendor certify compliance? Yes

  • GEOGRAPHIC AREA AND SECTOR SPECIFIC ALLOWANCES, CONDITIONS AND EXCEPTIONS The following allowances and conditions shall apply where relevant: Where the company does work which falls under the following headings, the company agrees to pay and observe the relevant respective conditions and/or exceptions set out below in each case.

Time is Money Join Law Insider Premium to draft better contracts faster.