Common use of Excavation Clause in Contracts

Excavation. All excavation shall be carried out to the lines and levels shown on the drawings or to such lines and levels as the Engineer may direct. The Contractor shall trim all permanent excavation to the lines and levels shown on the drawings. Excavation shall generally be executed in such a manner as to ensure that the side slopes, as shown on the drawings, are not in any way endangered by undercutting. As far as practicable, all suitable materials from the excavations shall be used in embankment and backfill for structures. The Contractor shall dispose of unsuitable or excess soil of the excavated materials in a place that is acceptable to the local community and so that they do not interfere with proper functioning of the works. All necessary precautions shall be taken to preserve the material below and beyond the lines of all excavation in the soundest possible condition. Any damage to the work due to the Contractor’s operations, including shuttering to the material beyond the required excavation lines, shall be repaired at the expense of and by the Contractor. Any and all excess excavation or over excavation performed by the Contractor for any purpose or reason, except as may be directed in writing by the Engineer, and whether or not due to fault of the Contractor, shall be at the expense of the Contractor. Excavation taken out to a greater depth than is necessary shall be filled to the required level with concrete of appropriate class or other material approved by the Engineer. All such excess excavation and over excavation shall be filled at the expense of and by the Contractor. The bottom and side slopes of excavation against which concrete is to be placed shall be finished accurately to the dimension shown on the drawings or as prescribed by the Engineer and the surface so prepared shall be moistened with water and tamped or rolled with suitable tools or equipment for the purpose of securing a firm foundation. If at any point the natural foundation material is disturbed during the excavation process or otherwise, it shall be compacted in place, or it shall be removed and replaced with suitable earth materials or concrete at the expense of the Contractor.

Excavation. All excavation The Contractor will make application for all necessary street or highway opening permits necessary for the pursuit of the work. No street or highway opening shall be carried out to the lines and levels shown on the drawings or to such lines and levels as the Engineer may direct. The Contractor shall trim all permanent excavation to the lines and levels shown on the drawings. Excavation shall generally be executed in such a manner as to ensure that the side slopes, as shown on the drawings, are not in any way endangered by undercutting. As far as practicable, all suitable materials from the excavations shall be used in embankment and backfill for structures. The Contractor shall dispose of unsuitable or excess soil of the excavated materials in a place that is acceptable to the local community and so that they do not interfere with proper functioning of the works. All necessary precautions shall be taken to preserve the material below and beyond the lines of all excavation in the soundest possible condition. Any damage to the work due to the Contractor’s operations, including shuttering to the material beyond the required excavation lines, shall be repaired at the expense of and by the Contractor. Any and all excess excavation or over excavation performed made by the Contractor for any purpose or reason, except as may be directed until the appropriate permit has been received and is in writing by the Engineerhand, and whether or not due to fault of the Contractor, when such opening shall be at the expense of the Contractor. Excavation taken out to a greater depth than is necessary shall be filled to the required level with concrete of appropriate class or other material approved by the Engineer. All such excess excavation and over excavation shall be filled at the expense of and by the Contractor. The bottom and side slopes of excavation against which concrete is to be placed shall be finished accurately to the dimension shown on the drawings or as prescribed by the Engineer and the surface so prepared shall be moistened with water and tamped or rolled with suitable tools or equipment for the purpose of securing a firm foundation. If at any point the natural foundation material is disturbed during the excavation process or otherwisemade, it shall be done in strict accordance with the terms of the permit. When any pavement, regardless of type, must be cut, it shall be done in a neat and symmetrical manner by use of a saw, chisel, or other suitable method. In no case shall pavement be torn up with a backhoe bucket except between and inside of cuts previously made as above. Should any further pavement be broken, outside of the cuts, as by blasting, such damaged pavement shall be cut out in a neat and orderly fashion. The trench shall be dug so that the pipe can be laid to the alignment and depth required and shall be excavated in advance only to the extent necessary for the proper pursuit of the work; the amount excavated ahead may be controlled by the District representative. The trench shall be kept dewatered, such that no drainage water shall enter the pipe, and the end of the pipe shall be temporarily plugged off at night or over weekends, or whenever the work is suspended, or in cases where unstable material could cause a cave-in to enter into the exposed end of the pipe. The trench width shall be the minimum necessary to properly lay and joint the pipe, permitting whatever bracing or sheathing may be necessary in unstable material. The bottom of the trench shall be smooth and even and should be as nearly undisturbed as possible so that the barrel of the pipe may be laid in a flat bottom trench on good solid material. Shallow holes should be dug at the joints so that the barrel of the pipe shall be in contact as much as possible with the solid floor of the trench. In ledge installation or in boulders or other large stones, there shall be at least 6” clearance between the barrel of the pipe and any ledge. These clearances are the minimum to be permitted between any part of the pipe or appurtenance being laid and any part or projection or point of a rock, boulder or stone. The bottom of the trench may for a short distance, near the center of the pipe length, be left slightly low to permit the withdrawal of the slings with which the pipe is placed in the trench. This material shall be replaced and compacted mechanically when the pipe is in place. Likewise, if for any reason the bottom of the trench should be excavated below the desired grade, suitable material may be replaced to bring the bottom of the trench up to the proper grade before pipe is put in place. This material is to be mechanically compacted so as to give it a smooth, solid base for the pipe, subject to the approval of the District representative. When the bottom of the trench at subgrade is found to be unstable or to include cinders or other types of refuse, or it vegetable or other organic material, or large pieces or fragments of inorganic material or stone or rock, any such undesirable material shall be removed and replaced with suitable earth materials material before the pipe is placed. Such material as is used to replace unsuitable material in a trench bottom shall be compacted in layers of no more than 8” by mechanical means before the pipe is placed on it. In the case of unstable material, the District inspector may, at his discretion, order crushed stone or concrete at gravel to be used to stabilize the expense pipe bed before pipe is placed in the trench. All structural excavations and trenches shall be sheeted or braced as required for the safe pursuit of the Contractorwork, the protection of structures, the protection of other utilities, and as required by any Federal, state or municipal laws, ordinances or regulations. The Contractor shall be responsible for the design, adequacy and maintenance of all sheeting, sheet piling, bracing or other temporary structures or supports required. When the sheeting or shoring cannot be removed without endangering the new work, other structures or the security of the banks, it shall be left in place.

Excavation. All (1) General, all structures. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer sufficiently in advance of the beginning of any excavation so that cross-sectional elevations and measurements may be taken on the undisturbed ground. The natural ground adjacent to the structure shall not be disturbed without permission of the Engineer. Trenches or foundation pits for structures or structure footings shall be carried out excavated to the lines and levels grades or elevations shown on the drawings Plans or as staked by the Engineer. They shall be of sufficient size to such lines permit the placing of structures or structure footings of the full width and levels as the Engineer may directlength shown. The Contractor shall trim all permanent excavation to elevations of the lines and levels shown on the drawings. Excavation shall generally be executed in such a manner as to ensure that the side slopesbottoms of footings, as shown on the drawings, are not in any way endangered by undercutting. As far as practicable, all suitable materials from the excavations shall be used in embankment and backfill for structures. The Contractor shall dispose of unsuitable or excess soil of the excavated materials in a place that is acceptable to the local community and so that they do not interfere with proper functioning of the works. All necessary precautions shall be taken to preserve the material below and beyond the lines of all excavation in the soundest possible condition. Any damage to the work due to the Contractor’s operations, including shuttering to the material beyond the required excavation linesPlans, shall be repaired at considered as approximate only and the expense Engineer may order, in writing, such changes in dimensions or elevations of and by the Contractor. Any and all excess excavation or over excavation performed by the Contractor for any purpose or reason, except footings as may be directed in writing deemed necessary, to secure a satisfactory foundation. Trenches or foundation pits for structures or structure footings shall be excavated to the lines and grades or elevations shown on the Plans or as staked by the Engineer, and whether . They shall be of sufficient size to permit the placing of structures or not due to fault structure footings of the Contractorfull width and length shown. The elevations of the bottoms of footings, as shown on the Plans, shall be at considered as approximate only and the expense Engineer may order, in writing, such changes in dimensions or elevations of the Contractorfootings as may be deemed necessary, to secure a satisfactory foundation. (2) Structures other than pipe culverts. Excavation taken out All rock or other hard foundation materials shall be cleaned all loose materials, and cut to a greater depth than is necessary shall be filled to the required level with concrete of appropriate class firm surface, either level, stepped, or other material approved serrated as directed by the Engineer. All such excess excavation and over excavation seams or crevices shall be filled at cleaned and grouted. All loose and disintegrated rocks and thin strata shall be removed. When the expense of and by footing is to rest on material other than rock, excavation to final grade shall not be made until just before the Contractor. The bottom and side slopes of excavation against which concrete footing is to be placed shall be finished accurately to placed. When the dimension shown on the drawings or as prescribed by the Engineer and the surface so prepared shall be moistened with water and tamped or rolled with suitable tools or equipment for the purpose of securing a firm foundation. If at any point the natural foundation material is disturbed during soft or mucky or otherwise unsuitable, as determined by the Engineer, the Contractor shall remove the unsuitable material and backfill with approved granular material. This foundation fill shall be placed and compacted in 150 mm (6 inches) layers up to the foundation elevation. When foundation piles are used, the excavation process or otherwise, it of each pit shall be compacted in place, or it completed before the piles are driven and any placing of foundation fill shall be removed done after the piles are driven. After the driving is completed, all loose and replaced with suitable earth displaced materials or concrete at shall be removed, leaving a smooth, solid bed to receive the expense of the Contractorfooting.

Excavation. All excavation The trenches for the pipes shall be carried out excavated to the lines and levels shown on the drawings or to such lines and levels as directed. The bed of trenches shall have to be truly and evenly dressed throughout from one change of grade to the Engineer next. The gradient is to be set out by means of boning rods and should the required depth be exceeded at any point, the trench shall be refilled as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge at the contractor's expense. The bed of the trench, if in soft or made up earth, shall be well watered and rammed before laying the pipes and depressions thus formed shall be filled with sand or other soft materials as the Engineer-in-Charge may direct. The Contractor shall trim all permanent excavation to the lines and levels shown on the drawings. Excavation shall generally be executed in such a manner as to ensure that the side slopes, as shown on the drawings, are not in any way endangered by undercutting. As far as practicable, all suitable materials from the excavations shall be used in embankment and backfill for structures. The Contractor shall dispose of unsuitable or excess soil of the excavated materials in a place that If rock is acceptable to the local community and so that they do not interfere with proper functioning of the works. All necessary precautions shall be taken to preserve the material below and beyond the lines of all excavation in the soundest possible condition. Any damage to the work due to the Contractor’s operations, including shuttering to the material beyond the required excavation lines, shall be repaired at the expense of and by the Contractor. Any and all excess excavation or over excavation performed by the Contractor for any purpose or reason, except as may be directed in writing by the Engineer, and whether or not due to fault of the Contractor, shall be at the expense of the Contractor. Excavation taken out to a greater depth than is necessary shall be filled to the required level with concrete of appropriate class or other material approved by the Engineer. All such excess excavation and over excavation shall be filled at the expense of and by the Contractor. The bottom and side slopes of excavation against which concrete is to be placed shall be finished accurately to the dimension shown on the drawings or as prescribed by the Engineer and the surface so prepared shall be moistened with water and tamped or rolled with suitable tools or equipment for the purpose of securing a firm foundation. If at any point the natural foundation material is disturbed during the excavation process or otherwisemet with, it shall be compacted removed to 15cm below the level of the pipe, valves and fittings and the trench shall be refilled with sand or other suitable materials. The excavated materials shall not be placed within 1 metre (or) half the depth of the trench whichever is greater from the edge of the trench. The trench shall be kept free from water. Shoring and timbering shall be provided wherever required. The width of trench at bottom between faces of sheeting shall be such as to provide not less than 20 cms. clearance on either side of pipe. Trenches shall be of such extra width when required as will permit the convenient placing of timber supports, strutting and planning and handling of specials. Internal road crossing within the site, if any will be excavated half at a time the second half being commenced after the pipes have been laid in placethe first half and the trench refilled. The trench at existing road crossing shall be filled with mud concrete for the full depth except for the top 15 cm layer, which will be filled with the cement concrete 1:2:4. The rates quoted shall also cover the cost of breaking road surfaces of all types wherever met with including their foundations. Pipes are liable to be damaged in transit and shall be examined carefully on arrival at site. Each pipe shall be tapped with a wooden hammer or mallet and those that do not ring true and clear shall be rejected. Sound pipes shall be carefully stacked to prevent damage. All defective pipes should be segregated marked in a conspicuous manner and their use in the works prevented. The pipes shall be laid with sockets leading uphill and should rest on solid and even foundations for the full length of the barrel. Socketholes shall be formed in the foundation sufficiently deep to allow the pipe jointer room to work right round the pipe and as short as practicable to admit the socket and allow the joint to be made. Where pipe are not bedded on concrete the trench bottom shall be left slightly high and carefully bottomed up as pipe laying proceeds so that there pipe barrels rest on firm ground. If excavation has been carried too low it shall be removed and replaced made up with suitable earth materials or cement concrete at the expense Contractor's expenses and charges. If the bottom of the Contractortrench consists of rock or very hard ground that cannot be easily excavated to a smooth surface the pipes shall be laid on cement concrete bed to ensure even bearing.

Excavation. A. All excavation shall be carried out made to such depth as required and of the lines and levels width shown on the drawings Contract Drawings to provide suitable room for building the structures and laying the pipe(s) they are to contain and for sheeting, shoring, pumping and draining as necessary, and for removing peat, silt, or to such lines and levels as any other materials which the Engineer may directdeem unsuitable. The Contractor Hand trench excavation may be required to protect existing utilities and structures. B. Trench excavation for pipes shall trim all permanent excavation be made by open cut to accommodate the pipe or structure at the depths indicated on the Contract Drawings. Excavation shall be made to such a depth and to the lines width indicated on the Contract Drawings so as to allow a minimum of six (6) inches of pipe zone bedding to be placed beneath the bottom of all structures and levels shown barrels, bells or couplings of all pipes installed unless otherwise specified on the drawings. Excavation . C. The bottom of the trench shall generally be executed in such accurately graded to provide a manner as to ensure that the side slopesuniform layer of bedding material, as shown on required, for each section of pipe. Trim and shape trench bottoms and leave free of irregularities, lumps, and projections. D. Stockpile excavated subsoil for reuse where directed or approved. E. Over excavation/under cut: If, in the drawingsopinion of the Engineer, are not in any way endangered by undercutting. As far as practicableexisting material below the trench grade is unsuitable for properly placing bedding material and laying pipe, all suitable materials from the Contractor shall excavate and remove the unsuitable material and replace the same with an approved pipe zone bedding material properly compacted. F. Stability of Excavation: Slope sides of excavations shall be used comply with local codes and ordinances having jurisdiction. Shore and brace where sloping is not possible because of space restrictions or stability of material excavated. Maintain sides and slopes of excavation in embankment and backfill for structures. The Contractor shall dispose safe condition until completion of unsuitable or excess soil backfilling. G. Removal of the excavated materials in a place that is acceptable to the local community and so that they do not interfere with proper functioning of the works. All necessary precautions shall be taken to preserve the material below and beyond the lines of all excavation in the soundest possible condition. Any damage to the work due to the Contractor’s operationsindicated subgrade elevations, including shuttering to the material beyond the required excavation lines, shall be repaired at the expense of and by the Contractor. Any and all excess excavation or over excavation performed by the Contractor for any purpose or reason, except as may be directed in writing without authorization by the Engineer, and whether or not due to fault of the Contractor, shall be at the expense of the Contractor. Excavation taken out to a greater depth than is necessary classified as unauthorized excavation and shall be filled performed at no additional cost to the required level with concrete of appropriate class or other material approved by the Engineer. All such excess excavation and over excavation shall be filled at the expense of and by the Contractor. The bottom and side slopes of excavation against which concrete is to be placed shall be finished accurately to the dimension shown on the drawings or as prescribed by the Engineer and the surface so prepared shall be moistened with water and tamped or rolled with suitable tools or equipment for the purpose of securing a firm foundation. If at any point the natural foundation material is disturbed during the excavation process or otherwise, it shall be compacted in place, or it shall be removed and replaced with suitable earth materials or concrete at the expense of the ContractorOwner.