From Rights to Smart Economics Sample Clauses

From Rights to Smart Economics. The movement against child marriage is not the first to frame its main tenets in terms of economic rationality. In fact, the relationship between gender and economic development has always been a strong, albeit contested, issue for the international women’s movement and development organizations. Xxxxxxxxxx (2002) asserts that women’s issues became visible globally only after the “fusion of women with development” in the late 1970s. With this fusion, the international women’s movement gained legitimacy and visibility while at the same time women’s issues were put on the agenda of nation-states. The UN Decade for Women (1976-1985) was based on the premise of integrating women into development. At that time, unlike today, the main emphasis lay not on how women could contribute to development but what development could do for women. With the Decade for Women, the UN initiated the conceptualization of women as “untapped brains and skills” essential for the wealth of nations (Xxxxxxxxxx, 2002: 141). Although development was integral to the international women’s movement after the Beijing Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995, it is far from the only concept around which women’s issues are framed and advocated. Eyben and Xxxxxx-Xxxxx (2010) trace the meaning of women’s empowerment for the international women’s movement and within development circles. Similar to Xxxxxxxxxx, they find that the Beijing conference was the first platform that succeeded in making women’s empowerment a central element of international development. However, Eyben and Xxxxxx-Xxxxx note that the main relationship between women’s empowerment and development was not instrumentalist. Rather, the “triumph of the 1990s was that women’s empowerment became a matter of justice rather than something necessary for development” (p. 286). The Beijing Platform for Social Action’s opening paragraph refers to empowerment in the context of participation, power, equality, and social justice. Eyben’s findings from recent interviews (2008-2009) with the key figures of international development in the UK demonstrates that in the second half of the 2000s, women’s empowerment was no longer associated with these concepts. Instead, empowerment connoted “micro-credit, political quotas and girls’ education” (p. 287) and choice, decision-making, realizing opportunities and potential (p. 291). Eyben and Xxxxxx-Xxxxx argue that the perspective of “women’s empowerment as economic empowerment” was becoming increasin...
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