History of chatbots Sample Clauses

History of chatbots. Figure 2 below illustrates this. Xxx & Xxxx (2018) summarize the evolution of the chatbot starting from the very first day, this goes back to the year 1966, when the first chatbot named Xxxxx was invented at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. The purpose of this chatbot was to imitate a psychotherapist and trying to communicate with humans by looking at keywords in their input sentences and transforming these with the help of rules into an output sentence. The second chatbot was Xxxxx, which attempted to impersonate a person with paranoid schizophrenia. Then there was X.X.X.X.X., or Xxxxxxxx, a chatbot made by Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx in 1995 and one of the strongest in its kind. It could imitate humans so well that it won the Loebner Prize, an annual competition of artificial intelligence, three times. Cleverbot is one of the most popular chatbots and has been online since 1997. Next, there was SmarterChild built by ActiveBuddy, the first chatbot that was not created for entertainment, but one that could provide its users more useful information such as stock information & sport scores. SmarterChild is the precursor of Siri by Apple (2010) and S Voice by Samsung (2012) and was sold to Microsoft in 2007 for around $46 million (Das & Xxxx, 2018). This is the point in time where the smartphone came to life, integrating all sorts of different services into one device, including chatbots. In this period, chatbots underwent an enormous evolution as they started to do more than just having a conversation. More specifically, they started to become personal assistants who could perform a list of tasks anytime the user asked for it, although the chatbot was still only capable of recognizing a set of pre-programmed inputs. An example of such is Xxxx, a modern intelligent personal assistant that works on voice commands. It was implemented by Apple for the first time in iOS 5 for iPhone back in 2010. Since then, it has evolved up to a level where it lets its users fetch useful information from the web such as lifetime weather or a route to a specific address. As other examples, it can make calls, write text messages or even set an alarm for the next morning, while its user only needs to give a voice command. In Apple’s footsteps, other companies like Google and Samsung started to integrate their own AI assistants, Google assistant and S voice (currently Xxxxx) (Das, Khan, 2018). Google assistant is integrated into the Allo messaging application and more recent version...
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