Ligand Identification Sample Clauses

Ligand Identification. As GPR37 and GPR37L1 share the most homology with endothelin and bombesin receptors, ligands for these receptors were investigated for activity. None of the endothelin or bombesin ligands induced binding or signaling effects at either GPR37 or GPR37L1 (Marazziti et al. 1997; Zeng et al. 1997; Valdenaire et al. 1998; Leng et al. 1999; Xxxxxxx et al. 1998). Nearly 10 years after GPR37 was discovered, head activator (HA), an undecapeptide discovered in Hydra, with a disputed human homolog (Bodenmuller and Xxxxxxxx 1981; Xxxxxxxxx et al. 2013; Xxxxx 2015), was reported to bind and promote internalization of GPR37. This study also described the ability of HA to increase calcium mobilization using a Gα16/aequorin assay (Rezgaoui et al. 2006). HA was also reported to increase signaling to NFAT and inhibit forskolin mediated cAMP xxx XXX00 (Xxxxxx et al. 2013). This ligand remains in debate however, as two reports show no effect of HA on GPR37 (Xxxxxx et al. 2009; Southern et al. 2013). GPR37 and GPR37L1 have also been linked to the neurotrophic and neuroprotective protein, prosaposin, and its active peptide fragment, prosaptide (Xxxxx et al. 2013). Biotinylated prosaptide was shown to specifically pull down GPR37 and GPR37L1, and moreover prosaptide treatment of intact cells induced receptor internalization. Both prosaptide and prosaposin induced a modest increase in ERK phosphorylation in HEK293T cells and primary astrocytes when either GPR37 or GPR37L1 was present. ERK phosphorylation was pertussis toxin sensitive, and cells transfected with GPR37 or GPR37L1 also showed increased [35S]-GTPγS accumulation when coexpressed with Gαi1. Furthermore, prosaptide treatment of cells transfected with GPR37 or GPR37L1 inhibited forskolin- induced cAMP, indicating both receptors likely couple members of the Gαi/o family. Further studies examining functional interactions between GPR37/GPR37L1 and prosaposin/prosaptide have been mixed. An interaction of GPR37 with prosaptide was shown by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, demonstrating that GPR37 is co-localized with prosaptide in lipid rafts of N2a cells expressing a GFP-tagged version of GPR37 (Lundius et al. 2014). However, a subsequent report described no significant effect of prosaptide treatment on GPR37L1 signaling (Xxxxxxx et al. 2016). In contrast to previous studies (Xxxxx et al. 2013; Gandia et al. 2013), the authors reported GPR37L1 as exhibiting constitutive coupling to Gαs to increase cAMP and stimulate the...
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Related to Ligand Identification

  • Non-Identification Approved Users agree not to use the requested datasets, either alone or in concert with any other information, to identify or contact individual participants from whom data and/or samples were collected. Approved Users also agree not to generate information (e.g., facial images or comparable representations) that could allow the identities of research participants to be readily ascertained. These provisions do not apply to research investigators operating with specific IRB approval, pursuant to 45 CFR 46, to contact individuals within datasets or to obtain and use identifying information under an 2 The project anniversary date can be found in “My Projects” after logging in to the dbGaP authorized-access portal. IRB-approved research protocol. All investigators including any Approved User conducting “human subjects research” within the scope of 45 CFR 46 must comply with the requirements contained therein.

  • Product Identification Before removal from Sale Area, unless Contracting Officer determines that circumstances warrant a written waiver or adjustment, Purchaser shall:

  • Client identification 9.1. The Company has the right to require the Client to confirm his/her registration information specified when opening a trading account. To do so, the Company may ask the Client at its own discretion and at any time to provide a notarized electronic copy of his/her identification document, bank statement or public utilities xxxx as a proof of residence. In particular cases, the Company may ask the Client to provide a photo of him/her holding his/her ID near his/her face. The detailed client identification requirements are set out in the “AML policies” section on the Company’s official site.

  • User Identification 6.2.5.1 Access to each Party’s corporate resources will be based on identifying and authenticating individual users in order to maintain clear and personal accountability for each user’s actions.

  • Customer Identification Unless Elastic has first obtained Customer's prior written consent, Elastic shall not identify Customer as a user of the Products, on its website, through a press release issued by Elastic and in other promotional materials.

  • Contractor’s Staff Identification Contractor shall provide, at Contractor’s expense, all staff providing services under this Contract with a photo identification badge.

  • Identification Badges Identification badges will be supplied by Advanced Behavioral Health (ABH) to all credentialed individuals who are providing services to children. Badges must be presented to the child/youth and any present adults at the time of service and must be worn for the duration of the service. Badges will be updated every two years during the re- credentialing process. Any individual or agency who fails to submit a photo ID to ABH within the designated timeframe will have their credentialing status terminated.

  • Your Member Identification Card Your BCBSRI member ID card is your key to getting healthcare coverage. It shows your healthcare provider that you’re part of the nation’s most trusted health plan. All BCBSRI members receive ID cards, which provide important information about your coverage. This card is for identification only, and you must show it whenever you receive healthcare services. Please note you must be a current member to receive covered services. Tips for keeping your card safe: • Carry it with you at all times. • Keep it in a safe location, just as you would with a credit card or money. • Let BCBSRI know right away if it is lost or stolen.

  • T1 IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES During the restoration of service after a disaster, BellSouth may be forced to aggregate traffic for delivery to a CLEC. During this process, T1 traffic may be consolidated onto DS3s and may become unidentifiable to the Carrier. Because resources will be limited, BellSouth may be forced to "package" this traffic entirely differently then normally received by the CLECs. Therefore, a method for identifying the T1 traffic on the DS3s and providing the information to the Carriers is required.

  • Identification When performing work on District property, Contractor shall be in appropriate work attire (or uniform, if applicable) at all times. If Contractor does not have a specific uniform, then Contractor shall provide identification tags and/or any other mechanism the District in its sole discretion determines is required to easily identify Contractor. Contractor and its employees shall (i) display on their clothes the above-mentioned identifying information and (ii) carry photo identification and present it to any District personnel upon request. If Contractor cannot produce such identification or if the identification is unacceptable to District, District may provide at its sole discretion, District-produced identification tags to Contractor, costs to be borne by Contractor.

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