Mitochondrial dynamics Sample Clauses

Mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondria function as a dynamic network undergoing fission and fusion, mitochondrial turnover and transport (Figure 1.5). Mitochondrial distribution and motility throughout neurons is especially heterogeneous, since neurons are polarised cells with areas of differing energy requirements. Areas with high ATP level demands such as presynaptic and postsynaptic terminals, nodes of Ranvier, active growth cones and axonal branches therefore tend to contain a higher number of mitochondria than other neuronal domains (Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxxx, 1993; Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxxx, 2003; Xxxxx et al., 2010). A recent study has shown that a resting cortical neuron uses up to 4.7 billion molecules of ATP per second (Xxx et al., 2012) and it is therefore not surprising that mitochondrial transport and distribution tend to be directly correlated to synaptic activity, with more mitochondria being detained in the presynaptic terminals and postsynaptic dendritic spines during periods of continuous synaptic activity. Mitochondrial transport towards active synapses is regulated by either ATP/adenosine diphosphate (ADP) levels, or via intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Indeed, mitochondria are known to slow down to a potentially stationary state in areas of a low ratio of ATP/ADP concentration (Sheng, 2014). This is because ATP has a low capacity for intracellular diffusion and therefore low energy areas require a local ‘docked’ pool of mitochondria for immediate ATP generation. Elevated levels of Ca2+ are also known to inhibit mitochondrial transport and optimal calcium levels at synapses are maintained by mitochondria which sequester intracellular Ca2+ (Xxxxx, 2014). In fact, two- thirds of mitochondria in an axonal network are thought to be stationary over an extended period of time (Xxxx et al., 2008). Since neurons are particularly dependent on efficient mitochondrial dynamics, they are highly dependent on well-functioning transport, fusion, fission and turnover machinery. Mitochondrial fusion is known to be important in the exchange of contents between different mitochondria, thereby enabling a shuffling of components between healthy and damaged mitochondria allowing for an overall healthy and functional network. Mitochondrial fission on the other hand, is crucial in generating mitochondria containing damaged components, which can be easily segregated for degradation. Furthermore, fission is highly related to transport as once mitochondria have undergone fission, the smaller dau...
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  • Vlastnictví Zdravotnické zařízení si ponechá a bude uchovávat Zdravotní záznamy. Zdravotnické zařízení a Zkoušející převedou na Zadavatele veškerá svá práva, nároky a tituly, včetně práv duševního vlastnictví k Důvěrným informacím (ve smyslu níže uvedeném) a k jakýmkoli jiným Studijním datům a údajům.

  • Influenza Vaccine Upon recommendation of the Medical Officer of Health, all employees shall be required, on an annual basis to be vaccinated and or to take antiviral medication for influenza. If the costs of such medication are not covered by some other sources, the Employer will pay the cost for such medication. If the employee fails to take the required medication, she may be placed on an unpaid leave of absence during any influenza outbreak in the home until such time as the employee has been cleared by the public health or the Employer to return to the work environment. The only exception to this would be employees for whom taking the medication will result in the employee being physically ill to the extent that she cannot attend work. Upon written direction from the employee’s physician of such medical condition in consultation with the Employer’s physician, (if requested), the employee will be permitted to access their sick bank, if any, during any outbreak period. If there is a dispute between the physicians, the employee will be placed on unpaid leave. If the employee gets sick as a reaction to the drug and applies for WSIB the Employer will not oppose the application. If an employee is pregnant and her physician believes the pregnancy could be in jeopardy as a result of the influenza inoculation and/or the antiviral medication she shall be eligible for sick leave in circumstances where she is not allowed to attend at work as a result of an outbreak. This clause shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with the Ontario Human Rights Code.

  • Hepatitis B Vaccine Where the Hospital identifies high risk areas where employees are exposed to Hepatitis B, the Hospital will provide, at no cost to the employees, a Hepatitis B vaccine.

  • Prosthodontics We Cover prosthodontic services as follows: • Removable complete or partial dentures, for Members 15 years of age and above, including six (6) months follow-up care; • Additional services including insertion of identification slips, repairs, relines and rebases and treatment of cleft palate; and • Interim prosthesis for Members five (5) to 15 years of age. We do not Cover implants or implant related services. Fixed bridges are not Covered unless they are required: • For replacement of a single upper anterior (central/lateral incisor or cuspid) in a patient with an otherwise full complement of natural, functional and/or restored teeth; • For cleft palate stabilization; or • Due to the presence of any neurologic or physiologic condition that would preclude the placement of a removable prosthesis, as demonstrated by medical documentation.

  • Therapies Acupuncture and acupuncturist services, including x-ray and laboratory services. • Biofeedback, biofeedback training, and biofeedback by any other modality for any condition. • Recreational therapy services and programs, including wilderness programs. • Services provided in any covered program that are recreational therapy services, including wilderness programs, educational services, complimentary services, non- medical self-care, self-help programs, or non-clinical services. Examples include, but are not limited to, Tai Chi, yoga, personal training, meditation. • Computer/internet/social media based services and/or programs. • Recreational therapy. • Aqua therapy unless provided by a physical therapist. • Maintenance therapy services unless it is a habilitative service that helps a person keep, learn or improve skills and functioning for daily living. • Aromatherapy. • Hippotherapy. • Massage therapy rendered by a massage therapist. • Therapies, procedures, and services for the purpose of relieving stress. • Physical, occupational, speech, or respiratory therapy provided in your home, unless through a home care program. • Pelvic floor electrical and magnetic stimulation, and pelvic floor exercises. • Educational classes and services for speech impairments that are self-correcting. • Speech therapy services related to food aversion or texture disorders. • Exercise therapy. • Naturopathic, homeopathic, and Christian Science services, regardless of who orders or provides the services. Vision Care Services • Eye exercises and visual training services. • Lenses and/or frames and contact lenses for members aged nineteen (19) and older. • Vision hardware purchased from a non-network provider. • Non-collection vision hardware. • Lenses and/or frames and contact lenses unless specifically listed as a covered healthcare service.

  • Influenza Vaccination The parties agree that influenza vaccinations may be beneficial for patients and employees. Upon a recommendation pertaining to a facility or a specifically designated area(s) thereof from the Medical Officer of Health or in compliance with applicable provincial legislation, the following rules will apply:

  • DUŠEVNÍ VLASTNICTVÍ The Institution acknowledges and agrees that the Sponsor shall have exclusive ownership rights to all Poskytovatel uznává a souhlasí, že Zadavatel bude mít výhradní vlastnická práva ke všem Study Data, improvements, developments, discoveries, inventions, work, know-how and other rights (whether or not patentable), created, developed, and/or reduced to practice as a result of or in connection with the conduct of the Study and/or the use of the Study Drug or the Confidential Information, together with all intellectual property rights relating thereto (“Intellectual Property”). The Institution shall promptly disclose in writing to PSI and the Sponsor all Intellectual Property made by the Institution, the Investigator and/or the Study Personnel. At the Sponsor's request, the Institution shall cause all rights titles and interests in and to any such Intellectual Property to be assigned to the Sponsor without additional compensation and provide reasonable assistance to obtain patents, including causing the execution of any invention assignment or other documents. Studijním údajům, vylepšením, na vývoj, k objevům, vynálezům, dílům, know-how a dalším právům (ať už patentovatelným či nikoli), vytvořeným, vyvinutým, a/nebo uvedeným do praxe v důsledku nebo v souvislosti s prováděním Studie, a/nebo používáním Studijního léku nebo Důvěrných informací společně s právy duševního vlastnictví s nimi souvisejícími (dále jen „Duševní vlastnictví“). Poskytovatel bude neprodleně písemně informovat PSI a Zadavatele o veškerém Duševním vlastnictví vytvořeném Poskytovatelem, Hlavním zkoušejícím a/nebo Studijním personálem. Na žádost Zadavatele zajistí Poskytovatel převod veškerých práv a zájmů týkajících se Duševního vlastnictví na Zadavatele bez další odměny a poskytne přiměřenou součinnost k získání patentu včetně zajištění podpisu dokumentů k převodu objevu nebo jiných dokumentů.

  • Nepotism No employee shall be awarded a position where he/she is to be directly supervised by a member of his/her immediate family. “

  • Orthodontics We Cover orthodontics used to help restore oral structures to health and function and to treat serious medical conditions such as: cleft palate and cleft lip; maxillary/mandibular micrognathia (underdeveloped upper or lower jaw); extreme mandibular prognathism; severe asymmetry (craniofacial anomalies); ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint; and other significant skeletal dysplasias. Procedures include but are not limited to: • Rapid Palatal Expansion (RPE); • Placement of component parts (e.g. brackets, bands); • Interceptive orthodontic treatment; • Comprehensive orthodontic treatment (during which orthodontic appliances are placed for active treatment and periodically adjusted); • Removable appliance therapy; and • Orthodontic retention (removal of appliances, construction and placement of retainers).

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