Visually induced dizziness Sample Clauses

Visually induced dizziness. Some people with balance problems may complain that their symptoms are triggered or exacerbated by complex visual surroundings (Xxxxx et al., 1993; Xxxxxxxxx, 1995; Xxxxxx et al., 2006) such as those encountered while walking down supermarket aisles, in crowds or viewing moving scenes (Xxxxx et al., 1988; Xxxxxxxxx, 1995; Xxxxxxxx et al., 2009). These symptoms have commonly been referred to as space and motion discomfort (Xxxxx et al., 1988), visual vertigo (Xxxxxxxxx, 1995), visual vestibular mismatch (Xxxxxxxxx et al., 2002) and more recently, ViD (Xxxxxx et al., 2006; Xxxxxxxx et al., 2009). Symptoms may also be precipitated by driving, particularly in certain conditions such as going over the brow of a hill or around bends in what is known as motorist disorientation syndrome (Page and Gresty, 1985). It has been suggested that ViD occurs because of excessive reliance on visual input for spatial orientation (i.e., visual dependence) (Xxxxxx et al., 2006; Xxxxxxx et al., 2014; Xxxxxx et al., 2016). Increased visual dependence was identified in people with chronic visual vertigo that followed a variety of acute peripheral and central vestibular disorders (Xxxxxxxxx, 1995; Xxxxxxx et al., 2001; Xxxxxx et al., 2006). Some people with anxiety (Xxxxx et al., 1988; Xxxxx et al., 1993; Xxxxxxx et al., 1994; Staab and Ruckenstein, 2003) and motion sickness (Xxxxxxx et al., 1992; Xxxxxxxxx et al., 2020) may be visually dependent but not necessarily have ViD. People diagnosed with ViD are more destabilised by the visually disorienting stimuli than people with labyrinthine deficiency (Guerraz et al., 2001) or vestibular people without ViD (Xxxxxxxxx, 1995). ViD leads to a significant degree of symptoms, and perceived disability that cannot be explained by a susceptibility to motion sickness and anxiety (Guerraz et al., 2001). Two studies (Xxxxxxx et al., 2001; Xxxxxx et al., 2013) suggested that treatment incorporating visual desensitisation through exposure to visual motion may be beneficial for people who experience ViD. People who experience ViD should be offered specific rehabilitation exercises regardless to what causes their symptoms (Xxxxxxxxx, 2016). This has been confirmed in studies which incorporated customised visual desensitisation through low- and high-tech virtual reality (VR) equipment (Xxxxxx et al., 2012), and optokinetic stimulation (OKS), as part of VRT (Xxxxxx et al., 2013) and showed significant improvements in ViD.