Bioeconomy (OeAW) Sample Clauses

Bioeconomy (OeAW). Bioeconomy is a broad area of research and innovation, comprised of different and distinct sectors such as agriculture, forestry, the chemical industry, and an even wider range of innovations and technologies. To sensibly focus the case selection and analysis, OeAW chose to narrow down the case area to synthetic biology (synbio). Synthetic biology is an emerging research area set out to rationally design new biological parts and organisms that are not found in nature or to redesign existing biological systems to perform specific tasks. Synthetic biology represents a vibrant research field where there are ongoing conflicts around how to do research and innovation responsibly. On one hand, high hopes are placed on synthetic biology to contribute to the realization of the bioeconomy, for example by advancing the sustainable use of natural resources through specifically designed new organisms (e.g. for a new generation of biofuels). On the other hand, synthetic biology also raises concerns of ethics, risks, and control that are very similar to the previous debate on gene technology. Ecover/Solazyme (International): Ecover is a company specialized in producing environmentally friendly detergents. In 2014 it announced the introduction of a new material – algal oil – in a test batch of 6,000 bottles of laundry detergent in the UK, which was ultimately intended to replace palm oil (an ethically contentious ingredient) in its products. The algal oil was produced by the American biotechnology company Solazyme Inc. (USA). Several NGOs lead by the ETC Group and Friends of the Earth (FoE) reacted with an open letter opposing the use of synthetically modified bacteria, an online petition to ban Ecover´s genetically engineered laundry detergents, and a demand for a stronger involvement of relevant actors (e.g. NGOs, local farmers etc.) in business innovation and governance processes. Following a debate in British newspapers between Xxx Xxxxxx (ETC Group) and Xxx Xxxxx and Xxxx Xxxxxxxx from Ecover, two deliberation events were organized around this conflict. First, Friends of the Earth UK, the Forum for the Future and the BBSRC organized a roundtable in the UK focussing on the sustainable and responsible dealing with synthetic biology. Second, the so-called Robertsbridge roundtables were initiated by Xxxxxxxx in the US and the UK. Both engagement processes were rejected by a large number of involved CSOs. Ultimately, Ecover opted against introducing the new oil in its pr...
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