Chemical Input Use by Rice Seed Farmers Sample Clauses

Chemical Input Use by Rice Seed Farmers. The share of modern input (such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides) users among seed farmers is much higher than the farmer population. About 50 percent of irrigated rice seed farmers utilize chemical fertilizers; the proportion is around 40 percent for rain-fed rice and potato seed farmers and 75 percent for wheat seed farmers (see Table 3.15). The input utilized the least is herbicides, partly due to competition with weeding operations. In the case of fungicides, the low utilization is the result of confusion by most farmers who tend to put insecticides and fungicides under the same category. Table 3.15–Uses of chemical input uses by crop and by region Number of uses Percentage of users Vakinan- Xxxx Xxxxx Xxxx Lac Total Vakinan- Xxxx Xxxxx Xxxx Lac Total karatra Ouest Alaotra karatra Ouest Alaotra Irrigated RiceUrée 1 17 7 2 1 28 50% 65% 29% 100% 100% 52% NPK 2 22 2 26 100% 85% 100% 48% Herbicide 8 1 1 10 31% 50% 100% 19% Fongicide 12 1 13 46% 50% 24% Insecticide 1 16 3 2 1 23 100% 62% 13% 100% 100% 43% Total 2 26 24 2 1 54 Rain-fed RiceUrée 5 2 4 1 12 63% 13% 67% 100% 30% NPK 7 8 2 17 88% 53% 33% 43% Herbicide 1 1 100% 3% Fongicide 6 1 7 40% 17% 18% Insecticide 1 1 1 3 13% 0% 17% 100% 8% PotatoesUrée 7 7 47% 33% NPKHerbicide Fongicide Insecticide 9 2 9 2 60% 13% 43% 10% Urée 12 12 75% 75% NPKHerbicide Fongicide Insecticide 12 6 12 6 75% 38% 75% 38% Effectif 16 16 Source: IFPRI-FOFIFA survey 1997. For the farmers who utilize modern inputs, particularly in the case of fertilizers and herbicides, the amounts used are close to standard recommendations, even though there are large variations across regions (see Table 3.16). Table 3.16–Average use per hectare by users Vakinankaratra Nord Ouest Xxxxx Xxxx Plateau Lac Alaotra Total Irrigated rice Rain-fed rice HerbicidePotatoes 0.8 l 0.8 l Wheat Urea 91 kg 91 kg NPK 199 kg 199 kg Source: IFPRI-FOFIFA survey 1997. When taking into consideration all seed farmers, including those who do not use modern inputs, the average quantities utilized are still low (see Table 3.17). The average consumption of fertilizer (urea and NPK) was 67 kg/ha in 1995-96, of which 29 percent was obtained on credit (see Table 3.18). The difference in use by the two categories of seed farmers (GPS and PSI) is considerable (84 kg versus 48 kg). The method of financing purchases also is quite different, with GPS farmers heavily dependent on credit. Non-GPS farmers obtain only 1.2 percent of their fertilizer on credit while ...
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