Chemical Input Use by Rice Seed Farmers Sample Clauses

Chemical Input Use by Rice Seed Farmers. The share of modern input (such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides) users among seed farmers is much higher than the farmer population. About 50 percent of irrigated rice seed farmers utilize chemical fertilizers; the proportion is around 40 percent for rain-fed rice and potato seed farmers and 75 percent for wheat seed farmers (see Table 3.15). The input utilized the least is herbicides, partly due to competition with weeding operations. In the case of fungicides, the low utilization is the result of confusion by most farmers who tend to put insecticides and fungicides under the same category. Table 3.15–Uses of chemical input uses by crop and by region Number of uses Percentage of users Vakinan- Xxxx Xxxxx Xxxx Lac Total Vakinan- Xxxx Xxxxx Xxxx Lac Total karatra Ouest Alaotra karatra Ouest Alaotra Irrigated RiceUrée 1 17 7 2 1 28 50% 65% 29% 100% 100% 52% NPK 2 22 2 26 100% 85% 100% 48% Herbicide 8 1 1 10 31% 50% 100% 19% Fongicide 12 1 13 46% 50% 24% Insecticide 1 16 3 2 1 23 100% 62% 13% 100% 100% 43% Total 2 26 24 2 1 54 Rain-fed RiceUrée 5 2 4 1 12 63% 13% 67% 100% 30% NPK 7 8 2 17 88% 53% 33% 43% Herbicide 1 1 100% 3% Fongicide 6 1 7 40% 17% 18% Insecticide 1 1 1 3 13% 0% 17% 100% 8% Total 8 15 10 6 1 40 PotatoesUrée 7 7 47% 33% NPKHerbicide Fongicide Insecticide 9 2 9 2 60% 13% 43% 10% Total 15 6 21 Wheat Urée 12 12 75% 75% NPKHerbicide Fongicide Insecticide 12 6 12 6 75% 38% 75% 38% Effectif 16 16 Source: IFPRI-FOFIFA survey 1997. For the farmers who utilize modern inputs, particularly in the case of fertilizers and herbicides, the amounts used are close to standard recommendations, even though there are large variations across regions (see Table 3.16). Table 3.16–Average use per hectare by users Vakinankaratra Nord Ouest Xxxxx Xxxx Plateau Lac Alaotra Total Irrigated rice Urea 117 kg 78 kg 74 kg 6 kg 3 kg 72 kg NPK 208 kg 122 kg 50 kg 127 kg Herbicide 1.7 l 1 l 1,6 l Rain-fed rice Urea 72 kg 90 kg 80 kg 79 kg NPK 183 kg 2 kg 160 kg 95 kg HerbicidePotatoes 0.8 l 0.8 l Urea 200 kg 200 kg NPK 286 kg 286 kg Herbicide Wheat Urea 91 kg 91 kg NPK 199 kg 199 kg Herbicide Source: IFPRI-FOFIFA survey 1997. When taking into consideration all seed farmers, including those who do not use modern inputs, the average quantities utilized are still low (see Table 3.17). The average consumption of fertilizer (urea and NPK) was 67 kg/ha in 1995-96, of which 29 percent was obtained on credit (see Table 3.18). The difference in use by the two categor...
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Related to Chemical Input Use by Rice Seed Farmers

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Examples include when a person is receiving hospice care services or for the same hours of a skilled nursing home care visit; o that are for observation only; and o provided as part-time/intermittent and not continuous care. • Maintenance care when the condition has stabilized including routine ostomy care or tube feeding administration or if the anticipated need is indefinite. • Twenty-four (24) hour private duty nursing care for a person without an available caregiver in the home. • Respite care (e.g., care during a caregiver vacation) or private duty nursing so that the caregiver may attend work or school. 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