DISPERSION. The breaking up of an oil slick into small droplets which are mixed into the water column as a result of breaking waves and other sea surface turbulence. EFFLUENT To flow out. (Waste material, refuse, and sewage) EMULSIFICATION The formation of a water - in - oil mixture. In the environment, the tendency for emulsification to occur varies with different oils and is much more likely to occur under high-energy conditions (wind and waves). Emulsions may also be formed by surfactants, including detergents, which cause the oil and water to mix, or by mechanical means such as pressure washing or pump action. EPA Environmental Protection Agency EQUIPMENT HAVING AN OIL TO SEA INTERFACE Equipment that uses a seal to prevent leakage of oil into the sea. Examples, oil-lubricated xxxxx tube seals, hydraulically-driven stabilizer fin seals, bow and xxxxx thruster seals. An indicator that system seals are leaking to the sea may be evidence of frequent filling of system reservoirs, presence of barrels, drums, hoses, pumps, and other equipment/supplies/arrangements necessary to refill systems. Some ships' SMS or environmental compliance programs may require that records of refilling such systems are kept. If so, these records should be checked.
DISPERSION. 1 Dispersion can, under favourable conditions, reduce both the threat of an oil slick to surface organisms and the amount of oil which will come ashore. However, it increases the threat of subsurface organisms by temporarily enhancing the concentrations of toxic oil fractions entering the water column. In some circumstances it is possible to disperse a slick using a ship's propellers or by other mechanical means, and as suitable vessels will often be at the scene of a spillage for other reasons this can be a convenient and low cost option. More often, though, chemicals will have to be added to achieve a satisfactory rate of dispersion. The use of chemical dispersants is described in detail in a position paper on dispersants in Chapter 23 of this manual.
DISPERSION a. Zero Dispersion Wavelength: 1301.5 nm to 1321.5 nm b. Zero Dispersion Slope: < 0.092 ps/(nm2 km)
DISPERSION. Finally, we have investigated whether within BGs, i.e. for a given level of industry con- centration, subsidiaries tend to diversify their activities in line with their position in the hierarchy. Speci cally, we investigate whether subsidiaries placed at di erent levels of the hierarchy tend to cover a sector systematically di erent from the one of the parent company, for a given level of industry concentration of the group (we use parent xed e ect). We thus create an index of dispersion as the fraction of subsidiaries in each layer covering a di erent sector from the one of their parent. We follow the same speci cation used for the stylized fact on routinizability, but with the index of dispersion as depen- dent variable. Table 8 reports the regression of the index of dispersion of industries on the hierarchical level, with parent xed e ects and robust standard errors in parentheses. The regression xxx cients are reported in Figure 7, together with their 95% con dence intervals and unifying all levels bigger than 7 under the same category, labeled level 8. Results show that, within BGs, subsidiaries tend to diversify the sector covered at more distant levels from the parent: on average, distant subsidiaries cover more diverse sectors with respect to closer subsidiaries. This is still consistent with our previous ndings on concentration and routinizability: for a given level of industry concentration, subsidiaries more distant from the HQ perform more repetitive tasks and therefore are able to cover a di erent sector from the one of the parent.
DISPERSION. This figure shows the change in the distribution of reservation prices for two groups of investors that hold a particular asset when the within group dispersion (standard deviation) remains constant but the difference between the mean reservation prices for the two groups decreases. Difference = 4 8 10 12 Non-Holder Priors Holder Priors Difference = 5 10 12 Non-Holder Revised Holder Revised Figure 4: An Increase in Across Group Reservation Price (Belief) Dispersion This figure shows the change in the distribution of reservation prices for two groups of investors that hold a particular asset when the within group dispersion (standard deviation) remains constant but the difference between the mean reservation prices for the two groups increases.
DISPERSION. 2.2 Environmental Parameters 2.2.1 *** 2.2.2 *** 2.2.3 Temperature-Humidity Cycling 2.2.4 *** 2.2.5 *** 2.2.6 Material Compatibility *** Page 2 of 18 22 * CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT GRANTED -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TITLE: Purchase Specification for SpecTran Incorporated *** Multimode Optical Fiber Supplied to Corning Incorporated --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DISPERSION. Page 9 of 18 * CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT GRANTED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TITLE: Purchase Specification for SpecTran Incorporated *** Multimode Optical Fiber Supplied to Corning Incorporated ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test Procedure -------------- Dispersion shall be measured in accordance with ***
