DOMAIN AND INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS Sample Clauses

DOMAIN AND INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS. The Issue: Current instructional lesson plans are at best branching and rigid. They lack the formal structure which assures that a lesson simulation acts like the real world; they contain only rudimentary task and student models which can guide the interaction between student, teacher, and task. EduSpace includes task and instructional modeling tools for both objects and processes. The task model provides realism to the simulated task being taught. The student model provides record keeping and a basis for the management of instructional dialogues. The situation-specific model provides both student and computer with a reliable common ground for interaction. Qualitative domain models and formal process models provide structure for the EduSpace experience. The rulebase of EduSpace maintains a dynamic model of the task being learned and of the student's interaction with the lesson. The domain modeling techniques which will be integrated into the EduSpace product have been developed by Xx. Xxxxxxx X. Clancey and his students at Stanford University and at the Institute for Research on Learning over the past eighteen years. Two techniques, the numerical and the symbolic, dominate computational approaches. Numerical methods rely on the measurement of attributes. Symbolic methods are more general, relying on descriptions of relationships between attributes and situations. Rule-based logical programming is a symbolic technique, as are relational networks. By constructing formal models of events and situations, symbolic computation can be reliably used to develop models of instructional tasks. This approach is called qualitative domain modeling. When models are of events which occur over time, the approach is called process modeling. (Xxxxxxx, 1990). Qualitative and process models are implemented within EduSpace entities. The modeling approach of this section defines a methodology for structuring entity behaviors. Each entity is seen as an encapsulated model of some object or process in the training environment, in the model of teaching, or in the interaction between the task model and the student. Entities also define the database partitions which modularize calls on computational resources and optimize pattern-based information retrieval. A qualitative process model is therefore a formally structured entity. The key ideas in this section follow: • A rule base, contains a general model of some system, which we call the domain model. Eduspace maintains domain models ...
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