Electric fields study with HIBP in oh and ecrh plasmas on T Sample Clauses

Electric fields study with HIBP in oh and ecrh plasmas on T. 10. The direct measurements of the electric potential φ in the core plasma are very important for understanding of the role of the radial electric field Er as the confinement regulating mechanism. The new observations of the potential evolution were performed in the T-10 tokamak (B0=1.5-2.5 T, R=1.5 m, a=0.3 m) with Heavy Ion Beam Probing in a wide range of densities‾nе=(0.6-4.7)×1019 m–3. Ohmic (OH) and ECRH D2 plasmas (Te<1 keV, Ti<0.7 keV) are characterized by a negative potential up to φ(0)=-1400 V at the centre and monotonically increasing towards the edge. The density rise due to gas puffing is accompanied by an increasing the absolute value of the negative potential. Correspondingly, the average Er increases from -18 V/cm to -60 V/cm. This is valid both for the steady-state plasmas and for the initial stage with ramped plasma current and density. When the density approaches a certain value ‾nе=2.5-3.5×1019 m–3, the growth of potential saturates, while the plasma stored energy is still growing with density. Note, that in the NBI heated regimes in the TJ-II stellarator, φ also saturates, when the density is about ‾nе= 3.5×1019 m–3. Powerful electron cyclotron heating (ECRH, PEC< 3 MW) leads to the increase of Te up to 3 keV, diminishing the central line-averaged density (“pump-out”) up to Δnе/nе <30% and the decrease of the absolute potential value, Δφ=200-400 V. Δφ is constant, ~400 V, independently on the density up to‾nе=2.5×1019 m–3 and then decreases by 200 V, when the density raises up to 5×1019 m–3. At the lower density,‾nе=(0.6-0.8)×1019 m–3, the edge Er decays by zero. The ECR heating leads to formation of the positive edge Er. Neoclassical modeling (both analytical and numerical VENUS+ code [2], taking into account the toroidal field ripple) agrees with measured φ profiles. When the ion and electron temperatures are comparable, Te/Ti ~1, the ion flux dominates and Er<0. When Te/Ti >>1, Er may be positive because the ion and electron fluxes become comparable. In summary, these results present the important features of φ profiles and non-linear links between the potential and the energy confinement.
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