Electric vehicles VNet Sample Clauses

Electric vehicles VNet. In electric vehicles (EVs) the fossil fuel energy storage (petrol tank) is replaced by a large battery electric energy store, allowing them to run entirely with electric motors. When charging (i.e. connected to grid), the battery may also be used in the same ways as a static battery (described above). From a power system perspective, EVs can therefore be modelled as battery electric storage devices that have variable availability and physical location (as the vehicle may not always be charged in the same place). Charging power 6 kW (for VCharge chargers) Discharge power 6 kW (for VCharge chargers) Energy storage capacity 40 kWh (based on Nissan Leaf), but usable capacity will be a fraction of this, e.g. 50%. Energy output form Electric Dynamics Can store energy over days. Will incur some efficiency loss between charge and discharge (typically around 80% efficiency). Charge and discharge cycles degrade the battery and so excessive cycling should be avoided. Potentially able to discharge to grid (sell energy back to the system), therefore able to engage in energy arbitrage. Ability to charge/discharge to grid at short notice makes batteries ideally suited to short term balancing services (e.g. frequency response). Availability and location of the asset will depend on the users schedule and uncertainty in that schedule.
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