From conceptual model to mechanistic model Sample Clauses

From conceptual model to mechanistic model. ‌ The conceptual models described in the previous section cover the most important underlying processes resulting in worker exposure and are applicable to a wide range of worker scenarios. However, dermal exposure to contaminated soil was not considered to be a relevant exposure route for the identified priority exposure scenarios since none of these scenarios involve a substantial contact with the soil. Therefore, this exposure route was not considered in the further development of the exposure model. In addition, inhalation exposure to droplets and dusts was not included in the model as data describing these processes are very scarce. As a result, the final conceptual model that was used as a starting point for development of the mechanistic model was simplified and only included dermal exposure due to contact with the crop, inhalation exposure to vapours and oral exposure due to hand-to-mouth contact. This simplified hierarchical model is shown in Figure 8. The simplified hierarchical model in Figure 8 illustrates how the application of the PPP results in an initial deposit on the crop. Volatilisation and dispersion of the substance during the re-entry interval result in a lower crop deposit and a certain concentration of the PPP in the air. Contact with the deposit on the crop results in dermal exposure, whereas inhalation of the contaminated air results in inhalation exposure. Oral exposure takes place when hand-to-mouth contact takes place and a certain amount of PPP is transferred from the hands to the mouth. DEPOSIT ON CROP AT RE-ENTRY (VAPOUR) CONCENTRATION IN AIR HAND-TO-MOUTH CONTACT CONTACT WITH CROP INHALATION TOTAL ABSORBSED DOSE INHALATION EXPOSURE DERMAL EXPOSURE ORAL EXPOSURE INITIAL DEPOSIT ON CROP APPLICATION Figure 8 Simplified hierarchical conceptual model Starting from the conceptual model illustrated in Figure 8, a mechanistic model and associated model software has been developed. In short, the BROWSE model consists out of 4 different modules: the PEARL(-OPS) module and 3 modules for calculating dermal, inhalation and oral exposure. Figure 9 gives an overview of the different modules behind the BROWSE software and how these are linked together to calculate the worker exposure. In the following sections, each module is explained in more detail. A first module is the PEARL(-OPS) module. BROWSE-PEARL is a modification of the earlier developed PEARL model (Pesticide Emission Assessment at Regional and Local scale) which simulates the be...
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